Question 1

Water forms a concave meniscus in a glass tube because __________

Accepted Answer

A)  the cohesive forces between water molecules are larger than the adhesive forces between water molecules and the glass wall. 
B)  the adhesive forces between water molecules and the glass wall are larger than the cohesive forces between water molecules. 
C)  water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other. 
D)  water molecules repel each other. 
E)  the glass wall is wet. 
A)  the cohesive forces between water molecules are larger than the adhesive forces between water molecules and the glass wall. 
B)  the adhesive forces between water molecules and the glass wall are larger than the cohesive forces between water molecules. 
C)  water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other. 
D)  water molecules repel each other. 
E)  the glass wall is wet. B

Question 2

Rank the following compounds in order of increasing attraction between their ions: KBr, SrBr2, and CsBr.

Accepted Answer

A)  CsBr 2 
B)  SrBr2 2 2 2  < CsBr 
A)  CsBr 2 
B)  SrBr2 2 2 2  < CsBr A

Question 3

Which of the following representations best shows the formation of an instantaneous dipole moment between two nonpolar molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    A

Question 4

Which of the following compounds do you expect to be most soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 
B)  CCl4 
C)  O2 
D)  SiO2 
E)  NH3 
A)  CO2 
B)  CCl4 
C)  O2 
D)  SiO2 
E)  NH3

Question 5

Which type of intermolecular interaction exists for all compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  ion-ion 
B)  dipole-dipole 
C)  dispersion 
D)  hydrogen bonding 
E)  dipole-induced dipole 
A)  ion-ion 
B)  dipole-dipole 
C)  dispersion 
D)  hydrogen bonding 
E)  dipole-induced dipole

Question 6

Which of the following substances would you expect to have the largest van der Waals a constant value?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 
B)  F2 
C)  CH3CH2OH 
D)  CH3Cl 
E)  N2 
A)  CO2 
B)  F2 
C)  CH3CH2OH 
D)  CH3Cl 
E)  N2

Question 7

Polarizability refers to __________

Accepted Answer

A)  the ease with which the electron cloud of an atom or molecule can be distorted. 
B)  the magnitude of the dipole moment of a molecule. 
C)  the ease with which a hydrogen bond can form. 
D)  the perturbation in electron density because of hydrogen bonding. 
E)  the ability to transmit polarized light. 
A)  the ease with which the electron cloud of an atom or molecule can be distorted. 
B)  the magnitude of the dipole moment of a molecule. 
C)  the ease with which a hydrogen bond can form. 
D)  the perturbation in electron density because of hydrogen bonding. 
E)  the ability to transmit polarized light.

Question 8

Henry's law constant (mol/L · atm) for oxygen dissolving in blood is 3.74 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10-2 mol/L · atm at body temperature, 37°C. Calculate the molar concentration of oxygen in blood for a scuba diver where the air pressure is 2.0 atm. The mole fraction of oxygen in air is 0.209.

Accepted Answer

A)  7.8 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10-3 M 
B)  2.7 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10-3 M 
C)  1.5 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10-2 M 
D)  1.3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10-2 M 
E)  0.11 M 
A)  7.8 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10-3 M 
B)  2.7 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10-3 M 
C)  1.5 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10-2 M 
D)  1.3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10-2 M 
E)  0.11 M

Question 9

Why do the strengths of dispersion interactions generally increase with the molar mass of the compound?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with the larger molar mass ha

Question 10

CH2F2 has a dipole moment of 1.93 D and a boiling point of -52°C. CH2Cl2 has a dipole moment of 1.60 D and a boiling point of 40°C. Why is the boiling point of dichloromethane so much higher than that of difluoromethane?

Accepted Answer

Both molecules have dipole-dipole and di

Question 11

Water at 20°C exposed to air at 1.0 atm pressure can contain a maximum of 8.6 mg/L of oxygen. Calculate the value of Henry's law constant (mol/L · atm) for oxygen at this temperature. The mole fraction of oxygen in air is 0.209.

Accepted Answer

9.7 F1F1F1

Question 12

Indicate which of the following molecules exhibits the greatest dispersion forces.

Accepted Answer

A)  CH3CH3 
B)  CH3CH2CH3 
C)  C2H2 
D)  CH4 
E)  CH3CH2CH2CH3 
A)  CH3CH3 
B)  CH3CH2CH3 
C)  C2H2 
D)  CH4 
E)  CH3CH2CH2CH3

Question 13

The boiling point of HBr is higher than that of HCl because HBr has __________ (The dipole moments are 1.08 D for HCl and 0.82 D for HBr.)

Accepted Answer

A)  fewer electrons. 
B)  larger dispersion interactions. 
C)  hydrogen bonding. 
D)  larger dipole-dipole interactions. 
E)  more ionic character. 
A)  fewer electrons. 
B)  larger dispersion interactions. 
C)  hydrogen bonding. 
D)  larger dipole-dipole interactions. 
E)  more ionic character.

Question 14

Sketch a phase diagram for water and correctly label all the parts (areas, lines, points, key temperatures).

Accepted Answer

Boiling points can also be cal

Question 15

A phase diagram shows the states of a substance as a function of _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  pressure, volume 
B)  volume, temperature 
C)  pressure, temperature 
D)  concentration, temperature 
E)  density, pressure 
A)  pressure, volume 
B)  volume, temperature 
C)  pressure, temperature 
D)  concentration, temperature 
E)  density, pressure

Question 16

For each of the following pairs of compounds, identify the one that is more likely to be soluble in water. Explain the rationale for your choice.
A) Br2 or NaBr
B) CH3CH2OH or CH3OCH3
C) CO2 or KOH

Accepted Answer

A) NaBr, because it is an ionic compound

Question 17

Consider the phase diagram for a substance shown here. The solid phase is ________ than the liquid phase.

Accepted Answer

A)  more dense 
B)  less dense 
C)  more massive 
D)  less massive 
E)  hotter 
A)  more dense 
B)  less dense 
C)  more massive 
D)  less massive 
E)  hotter

Question 18

Viscosity is a measure of a substance's __________

Accepted Answer

A)  ability to resist changes in its surface area. 
B)  surface tension. 
C)  resistance to flow. 
D)  compressibility. 
E)  color. 
A)  ability to resist changes in its surface area. 
B)  surface tension. 
C)  resistance to flow. 
D)  compressibility. 
E)  color.

Question 19

Which of the following will have the largest cation-anion attraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  NaF 
B)  NaCl 
C)  NaBr 
D)  NaI 
E)  CsCl 
A)  NaF 
B)  NaCl 
C)  NaBr 
D)  NaI 
E)  CsCl

Question 20

Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing attraction between their ions: MgO, CaO, BaO.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Arrange the following compounds in order of...

Exam 10: Forces Between Ions and Molecules

Water forms a concave meniscus in a glass tube because __________

Rank the following compounds in order of increasing attraction between their ions: KBr, SrBr2, and CsBr.

Which of the following representations best shows the formation of an instantaneous dipole moment between two nonpolar molecules?

Which of the following compounds do you expect to be most soluble in water?

Which type of intermolecular interaction exists for all compounds?

Which of the following substances would you expect to have the largest van der Waals a constant value?

Polarizability refers to __________

Henry's law constant (mol/L · atm) for oxygen dissolving in blood is 3.74  10-2 mol/L · atm at body temperature, 37°C. Calculate the molar concentration of oxygen in blood for a scuba diver where the air pressure is 2.0 atm. The mole fraction of oxygen in air is 0.209.

Why do the strengths of dispersion interactions generally increase with the molar mass of the compound?

CH2F2 has a dipole moment of 1.93 D and a boiling point of -52°C. CH2Cl2 has a dipole moment of 1.60 D and a boiling point of 40°C. Why is the boiling point of dichloromethane so much higher than that of difluoromethane?

Water at 20°C exposed to air at 1.0 atm pressure can contain a maximum of 8.6 mg/L of oxygen. Calculate the value of Henry's law constant (mol/L · atm) for oxygen at this temperature. The mole fraction of oxygen in air is 0.209.

Indicate which of the following molecules exhibits the greatest dispersion forces.

The boiling point of HBr is higher than that of HCl because HBr has __________ (The dipole moments are 1.08 D for HCl and 0.82 D for HBr.)

Sketch a phase diagram for water and correctly label all the parts (areas, lines, points, key temperatures).

A phase diagram shows the states of a substance as a function of _____ and _____.

For each of the following pairs of compounds, identify the one that is more likely to be soluble in water. Explain the rationale for your choice. A) Br2 or NaBr B) CH3CH2OH or CH3OCH3 C) CO2 or KOH

Consider the phase diagram for a substance shown here. The solid phase is ________ than the liquid phase.

Viscosity is a measure of a substance's __________

Which of the following will have the largest cation-anion attraction?

Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing attraction between their ions: MgO, CaO, BaO.

Matter, Energy, and the Origins of the Universe

Atoms, Ions, and Compounds

Chemical Reactions and Earths Composition

Solution Chemistry and the Hydrosphere

Thermochemistry

Properties of Gases: the Air We Breathe

Electrons in Atoms and Periodic Properties

Chemical Bonding and Climate Change

Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Solutions and Their Colligative Properties

The Chemistry of Solids

Organic Chemistry: Fuels, Pharmaceuticals, and Materials

Thermodynamics: Spontaneous Processes, Entropy, and Free Energy

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Equilibrium in the Aqueous Phase

The Colorful Chemistry of Metals

Electrochemistry and the Quest for Clean Energy

Biochemistry: the Compounds of Life

Nuclear Chemistry

Life and the Periodic Table

Filters

Rank the following compounds in order of increasing attraction between their ions: KBr, SrBr₂, and CsBr.

Henry's law constant (mol/L · atm) for oxygen dissolving in blood is 3.74  10^-² mol/L · atm at body temperature, 37°C. Calculate the molar concentration of oxygen in blood for a scuba diver where the air pressure is 2.0 atm. The mole fraction of oxygen in air is 0.209.

CH₂F₂ has a dipole moment of 1.93 D and a boiling point of -52°C. CH₂Cl₂ has a dipole moment of 1.60 D and a boiling point of 40°C. Why is the boiling point of dichloromethane so much higher than that of difluoromethane?

A phase diagram shows the states of a substance as a function of _ and _.

For each of the following pairs of compounds, identify the one that is more likely to be soluble in water. Explain the rationale for your choice. A) Br₂ or NaBr B) CH₃CH₂OH or CH₃OCH₃ C) CO₂ or KOH