Exam 1: The Beginning: the Science of Human Development

The main advantage of scientific observation as a research method is that it allows the scientist to determine cause and effect.

What is epigenetics?

Low socioeconomic status can lengthen a person's life expectancy.

The foundation of psychoanalytic theory is inner drives and motives.

To determine if vitamin D consumption slows the progress of multiple sclerosis, a researcher would most likely use _____.

The theory that all people have the same basic needs, which can be arranged in a hierarchy, was proposed by _____.

If a researcher finds a positive correlation between school grades and school attendance, one can conclude that _____.

Behaviorists believe that psychologists should focus on _____.

Culture refers to a system of shared beliefs, conventions, norms, behaviors, and expectations.

When a researcher wants to determine the cause of a particular behavior, the appropriate research method to use is a(n) _____.

Empirical evidence refers to _____.

The approach to cognitive development that uses details of the cognitive process instead of stages to describe cognition is called _____ theory.

The conclusions of a scientific study are based on whether the evidence supports or refutes the hypothesis.

In Bronfenbrenner's ecological-systems approach, the _____ refers to the interactions between and among systems.

_____ emphasizes unconscious drives and early experiences, whereas _____ emphasizes learning by association, reinforcement, or observation.

Experiments allow researchers to _____.

A woman in Honduras worked in a field treated with pesticides during her pregnancy. When her son was born, she was horrified to find that he had no limbs. Her pesticide exposure must have occurred during a(n) _____ period of prenatal development.

The term for all the environmental influences that affect development after conception is _____.

A quick way to collect data from a large number of people is to use a _____.

If a researcher watches 1-week-old babies and records how many times they open and close their eyes while lying in their cribs, he is most likely using _____.