Question 1

What is the difference between debriefing and informed consent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Debriefing happens after participation, informed consent happens before. 
B)  Debriefing only happens with animal subjects. 
C)  Debriefing is only necessary when deception is used, informed consent is always necessary. 
D)  Debriefing usually provides less information than informed consent. 
A)  Debriefing happens after participation, informed consent happens before. 
B)  Debriefing only happens with animal subjects. 
C)  Debriefing is only necessary when deception is used, informed consent is always necessary. 
D)  Debriefing usually provides less information than informed consent.

Question 2

What is the ethical goal of psychologists who are conducting research?

Accepted Answer

to protect research

Question 3

Which of the following is one of the ways in which pseudopsychology differs from psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychology's main goal is description and explanation; pseudopsychology's main goal is prediction and control. 
B)  Pseudopsychology is a small part of psychology that is based on Freud's work. 
C)  Psychology is based on the scientific method; pseudopsychology isn't. 
D)  Psychology focuses on the application of the knowledge gained from research; pseudopsychology focuses on classification and identification of mental disorders. 
A)  Psychology's main goal is description and explanation; pseudopsychology's main goal is prediction and control. 
B)  Pseudopsychology is a small part of psychology that is based on Freud's work. 
C)  Psychology is based on the scientific method; pseudopsychology isn't. 
D)  Psychology focuses on the application of the knowledge gained from research; pseudopsychology focuses on classification and identification of mental disorders.

Question 4

A political scientist wanted to study the prevalence of racism in Canada.Unknowingly,her sample included a disproportionate number of racist individuals.Name a methodological criticism of her research.

Accepted Answer

Sampling bias occurred.Individ

Question 5

Which of the following is the best definition of debriefing?

Accepted Answer

A)  when participants are told that they can end their participation at any time 
B)  when participants are told about the study to help decide whether they want to participate or not 
C)  when participants are reassured that their responses and identity will be protected and kept private 
D)  when participants are given full information about the study after their participation 
A)  when participants are told that they can end their participation at any time 
B)  when participants are told about the study to help decide whether they want to participate or not 
C)  when participants are reassured that their responses and identity will be protected and kept private 
D)  when participants are given full information about the study after their participation

Question 6

Dr.,Yee researches the treatment outcomes experienced by her patients.She focuses on one patient at a time in her research.This type of research is called a case study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What logical process starts with broad,basic principles and applies them in specific situations to prove many smaller truths?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What logical process starts with broad,basic principles...

Question 8

Dr.Nash is reading Odette's thesis proposal."Recovering cocaine addicts will view three types of words flashed briefly on the computer screen: cocaine-related words,words related to drugs the participants did not abuse,and neutral words unrelated to drugs," reads one sentence.Later,Dr.Nash encounters this sentence: "Mean reaction times to the three types of words will be analyzed using a t-test." Which piece of feedback is Dr.Nash most likely to give to Odette?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The proposed analysis seems fine." 
B)  "I would suggest using analyses of variance, since you have three groups." 
C)  "Correlational analyses such as t-tests aren't appropriate for experiments." 
D)  "I would propose computing correlation coefficients for this type of study." 
A)  "The proposed analysis seems fine." 
B)  "I would suggest using analyses of variance, since you have three groups." 
C)  "Correlational analyses such as t-tests aren't appropriate for experiments." 
D)  "I would propose computing correlation coefficients for this type of study."

Question 9

Astrid believes that drinking red wine gives her migraines.As such,when she's at a dinner party and the only beverages available are red wine and water,she sticks with water.What type of reasoning is Astrid using?

Accepted Answer

A)  deductive 
B)  inductive 
C)  hypothetico-deductive 
D)  It is impossible to determine from the information given. 
A)  deductive 
B)  inductive 
C)  hypothetico-deductive 
D)  It is impossible to determine from the information given.

Question 10

What additional ethical challenge do researchers have when their participants are children compared to adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  explaining the purpose of the study to them 
B)  getting consent from both the parent and child 
C)  having the child legally protected during the study for insurance purposes?d) hiding the true purpose of the study from them 
A)  explaining the purpose of the study to them 
B)  getting consent from both the parent and child 
C)  having the child legally protected during the study for insurance purposes?d) hiding the true purpose of the study from them

Question 11

A popular women's magazine published a survey in their latest edition asking about the division of housework between men and women.Based on the results of the survey,they plan to publish an article in the next edition claiming that women are still responsible for 90% of household chores.This result demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A)  researcher bias. 
B)  sampling bias. 
C)  participant bias. 
D)  demand characteristics. 
A)  researcher bias. 
B)  sampling bias. 
C)  participant bias. 
D)  demand characteristics.

Question 12

Which of the following is the best definition of informed consent?

Accepted Answer

A)  when a research participant is supplied with full information about the study after their participation 
B)  when a participant is given information about the purpose of the study, the procedures, and any potential risks and benefits, to decide whether they want to participate or not 
C)  when the researchers ensure that the participant's raw data and identifying information will be kept private 
D)  when participants are told that they have the right to end participation at any point during the study 
A)  when a research participant is supplied with full information about the study after their participation 
B)  when a participant is given information about the purpose of the study, the procedures, and any potential risks and benefits, to decide whether they want to participate or not 
C)  when the researchers ensure that the participant's raw data and identifying information will be kept private 
D)  when participants are told that they have the right to end participation at any point during the study

Question 13

What does a psychologist usually mean when she says a specific experimental result is 'significant'?

Accepted Answer

A)  The result reflects a large difference between the mean scores of one participant group and the mean scores of another. 
B)  The result is important in a practical sense. 
C)  The result will allow psychologists to support one theory over alternative theories. 
D)  The result is unlikely to have occurred solely because of chance. 
A)  The result reflects a large difference between the mean scores of one participant group and the mean scores of another. 
B)  The result is important in a practical sense. 
C)  The result will allow psychologists to support one theory over alternative theories. 
D)  The result is unlikely to have occurred solely because of chance.

Question 14

Dr.Farnum is using the scientific method to investigate how the content of dreams affects memory for personal events.Specifically,she predicts that any dream about a personal event will increase the individual's memory for that event.What is the biggest problem that Dr.Farnum overlooking with her research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her hypothesis isn't falsifiable. 
B)  Her prediction is biased. 
C)  She isn't following the steps of the scientific method. 
D)  She is studying a topic that is out-dated. 
A)  Her hypothesis isn't falsifiable. 
B)  Her prediction is biased. 
C)  She isn't following the steps of the scientific method. 
D)  She is studying a topic that is out-dated.

Question 15

What does it mean to say that research findings are 'statistically significant'?

Accepted Answer

A)  the findings are important 
B)  the findings will be published 
C)  the findings are not likely to be due to chance 
D)  the findings are not likely to be found again 
A)  the findings are important 
B)  the findings will be published 
C)  the findings are not likely to be due to chance 
D)  the findings are not likely to be found again

Question 16

Applying the knowledge discovered by psychologists can open up ethical problems about how to best use this knowledge.According to your text,what other field would have a similar struggle?

Accepted Answer

A)  biology 
B)  philosophy 
C)  physical sciences 
D)  eugenics 
A)  biology 
B)  philosophy 
C)  physical sciences 
D)  eugenics

Question 17

Why might one argue that inductive reasoning is less susceptible to bias than deductive reasoning is?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inductive reasoning begins with a general theory rather than specific observations. 
B)  In inductive reasoning, the observations that would refute the theory are specified in advance. 
C)  Inductive reasoning begins with objective observations rather than a theory in the reasoner's mind. 
D)  Inductive reasoning is essentially the opposite of the sort of deductive reasoning that philosophers used. 
A)  Inductive reasoning begins with a general theory rather than specific observations. 
B)  In inductive reasoning, the observations that would refute the theory are specified in advance. 
C)  Inductive reasoning begins with objective observations rather than a theory in the reasoner's mind. 
D)  Inductive reasoning is essentially the opposite of the sort of deductive reasoning that philosophers used.

Question 18

A study conducted by Landsberger (1958)suggested that when workers knew they were being observed their productivity increased regardless of what changes were made to the workplace.This finding became known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  the Landsberger effect. 
B)  the worker bias effect. 
C)  the Hawthorne effect. 
D)  the productivity effect. 
A)  the Landsberger effect. 
B)  the worker bias effect. 
C)  the Hawthorne effect. 
D)  the productivity effect.

Question 19

When a researcher is unable to control variables in a study,what research method are they likely to choose?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental 
B)  logical 
C)  descriptive 
D)  none of the above. Research requires that at least one variable be manipulated. 
A)  experimental 
B)  logical 
C)  descriptive 
D)  none of the above. Research requires that at least one variable be manipulated.

Question 20

What is the last step in the cycle of how psychologists conduct research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Develop a testable hypothesis. 
B)  Identify questions of interest and review the literature. 
C)  Build a theory. 
D)  Seek scientific review, publish and replicate. 
A)  Develop a testable hypothesis. 
B)  Identify questions of interest and review the literature. 
C)  Build a theory. 
D)  Seek scientific review, publish and replicate.

What is the difference between debriefing and informed consent?

What is the ethical goal of psychologists who are conducting research?

Which of the following is one of the ways in which pseudopsychology differs from psychology?

A political scientist wanted to study the prevalence of racism in Canada.Unknowingly,her sample included a disproportionate number of racist individuals.Name a methodological criticism of her research.

Which of the following is the best definition of debriefing?

Dr.,Yee researches the treatment outcomes experienced by her patients.She focuses on one patient at a time in her research.This type of research is called a case study.

What logical process starts with broad,basic principles and applies them in specific situations to prove many smaller truths?

Astrid believes that drinking red wine gives her migraines.As such,when she's at a dinner party and the only beverages available are red wine and water,she sticks with water.What type of reasoning is Astrid using?

What additional ethical challenge do researchers have when their participants are children compared to adults?

Which of the following is the best definition of informed consent?

What does a psychologist usually mean when she says a specific experimental result is 'significant'?

What does it mean to say that research findings are 'statistically significant'?

Applying the knowledge discovered by psychologists can open up ethical problems about how to best use this knowledge.According to your text,what other field would have a similar struggle?

Why might one argue that inductive reasoning is less susceptible to bias than deductive reasoning is?

A study conducted by Landsberger (1958)suggested that when workers knew they were being observed their productivity increased regardless of what changes were made to the workplace.This finding became known as the

When a researcher is unable to control variables in a study,what research method are they likely to choose?

What is the last step in the cycle of how psychologists conduct research?

Psychology Yesterday and Today

Neuroscience

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language and Thought

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

social Psychology

Stress,coping,and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 2: Psychology as a Science

What is the difference between debriefing and informed consent?

What is the ethical goal of psychologists who are conducting research?

Which of the following is one of the ways in which pseudopsychology differs from psychology?

A political scientist wanted to study the prevalence of racism in Canada.Unknowingly,her sample included a disproportionate number of racist individuals.Name a methodological criticism of her research.

Which of the following is the best definition of debriefing?

Dr.,Yee researches the treatment outcomes experienced by her patients.She focuses on one patient at a time in her research.This type of research is called a case study.

What logical process starts with broad,basic principles and applies them in specific situations to prove many smaller truths?

Astrid believes that drinking red wine gives her migraines.As such,when she's at a dinner party and the only beverages available are red wine and water,she sticks with water.What type of reasoning is Astrid using?

What additional ethical challenge do researchers have when their participants are children compared to adults?

Which of the following is the best definition of informed consent?

What does a psychologist usually mean when she says a specific experimental result is 'significant'?

What does it mean to say that research findings are 'statistically significant'?

Applying the knowledge discovered by psychologists can open up ethical problems about how to best use this knowledge.According to your text,what other field would have a similar struggle?

Why might one argue that inductive reasoning is less susceptible to bias than deductive reasoning is?

A study conducted by Landsberger (1958)suggested that when workers knew they were being observed their productivity increased regardless of what changes were made to the workplace.This finding became known as the

When a researcher is unable to control variables in a study,what research method are they likely to choose?

What is the last step in the cycle of how psychologists conduct research?

Psychology Yesterday and Today

Neuroscience

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language and Thought

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

social Psychology

Stress,coping,and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters