Exam 2: Psychology as a Science

What was the impetus for the shift in the focus of psychology from a philosophy toward becoming a science?

Stanley wanted to determine whether hunger influenced his performance on his history exams.For the first exam,he ate 1 hour before the exam.For the second exam,he ate immediately after the exam.Identify the independent and dependent variables in this study.

Between which pair of variables is one most likely to find a positive correlation?

Random assignment

At a DUI checkpoint,some cars are stopped at random; many others are not stopped.Using the terminology of psychological research,the cars that are stopped may be considered a ___ of all the cars that pass by the checkpoint.

One statistic that tells researchers how much participants' scores vary from one another is the

What type of statistics allows researchers to determine whether their findings can be applied to everyone in the population?

Most of Francine's friends who have been married are now divorced.Francine never wants to get married because she knows that most marriages end in divorce.Francine's thinking on this matter is an example of

At Folger University,Drs.Chase and Sanborn are conducting an experiment on the effects of caffeine on memory.Participants are randomly assigned to a caffeine or a no-caffeine group and their recall of items on a word list is later assessed.Which pair below correctly names and identifies the variables in this experiment?

What is the mean of a data set?

Two research assistants are collecting data for a study examining child aggression on the playground by observing children as they are playing.The first research assistant measures aggression by counting the number of times children hit each other.When the second research assistant goes to the playground,he counts the number of times children push each other.What is the greatest flaw with this study?

What are the two essential beliefs that science has regarding the world?

Which of the following statements describes a case study?

Compare and contrast psychology with other natural sciences,such as biology,chemistry,and physics,and with pseudosciences,such as astrology.

"I predict that females will demonstrate 35% more empathic acts after reading a sad story than will males." This statement is an example of a theory.

What can statistics tell us about a research project?

What is the difference between psychology and pseudopsychology?

Which of the following would NOT be an ethical concern for research ethics boards?

Which approach to psychology advocated focus on observable behaviours only?

Prior to the nineteenth century,which field contributed most to the rise of psychology?