Exam 2: Psychology as a Science

Today,when psychologists conduct research,they examine the findings of other researchers first to look at broader topic,then narrow it down to design their own studies based on specific predictions.This is an example of

If individuals carefully observe the events in the world around them,they are often able to discover the laws that govern those events.

Interpret the meaning of a strong positive correlation found in a study that measured abusive parenting and childhood aggression.

What is the purpose of calculating a probability statistic?

In an experiment containing one experimental group and one control group,the performance of the participants in the two groups would be compared using a(n)

Do you think that the ethics review board would approve of a study that posed potentially large risks to their participants but immense benefits to the rest of humanity?

One reason an ethics board would not ethically approve aa research proposal is that that might believe that the risks to participants outweigh any benefits.

In trying to isolate the fundamental elements of behaviour and mental processes,psychologists face some problems that other sciences do not.Which of these is one of these problems?

Tell what ethical steps psychologists take to protect the rights of human research participants.

"The process of observation is a challenging one for psychology,given its subject matter," offers Frederico."That's why psychology should investigate only phenomena which are clearly observable," Grady responds."But psychologists can use observable behaviour to make reliable statements about internal processes that can't be seen," counters Holly."Not to mention,technology continues to expand the range of psychological processes we can actually observe," Indira notes.Which of these discussants is paired with the psychological perspective they most clearly reflect?

Which of the following statements describes a survey?

Statistics which summarize data are termed ___ statistics.Those that indicate what might be concluded from research results are called ___ statistics.

Dr.Austin is studying the effects of cardiovascular exercise on intelligence.To do this,he gives a random half of his participants a daily cardio exercise routine to complete while the other half of his sample is required to do a daily yoga routine.At the end of one year,he measures everyone's IQ by using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS).In this study,what is the control group?

What logical process uses direct observations to generate broad conclusions?

Which of the following examples shows how psychology differs from other sciences in that applying psychological findings entails issues associated with values and morality?

Kelsea is extremely upset that her research proposal was rejected by the ethics review board.She wanted to study the effects of a new memory strategy on grades,and she proposed to tell the participants all the details at the outset of the study.Furthermore,she was going to compensate them with a guaranteed A+ in the course.What reason do you think the ethics review board gave for rejecting Kelsea's proposal?

Researchers can conclude more broadly from their results through the use of ___ statistics.

How is psychology different from pseudopsychology?

Nine-year-old Bryson brought a troll doll with him to his last exam and he aced it.He forgot the troll doll the exam before that and he failed it.Based on this,Bryson predicts that he will do better on his next exam if he brings the troll doll with him.What type of reasoning is Bryson using?

In a survey project,Dr.Miyake finds a correlation of .60 between attachment security and the likelihood with which participants say they'd engage in various pro-social behaviours at work.Each of the following is consistent with this data EXCEPT