Exam 2: Psychology as a Science

Which of the following defines a positive correlation?

You are writing a history of psychology,focusing on the major themes and perspectives that have dominated the field over the past 150 years.Which phrase below offers the most fitting completion to the partial title,The Story of Psychology: ___?

What four goals does psychology share with other sciences?

Which of the following values indicates that there is no relationship between two variables?

Which of the following is true about the research ethics board (REB)?

Why does contemporary psychology no longer rely solely on inductive reasoning?

If there is a relationship between the amount of caffeine consumed and heart rate in that the more caffeine that is consumed the faster a person's heart beats,how would you describe the correlation between caffeine and heart rate?

Dr.Jirandi is studying the effects of caffeine on road rage.He randomly gives half of his participants an espresso every morning for one month before their commute to work,while the other half consumes a decaffeinated coffee.After the daily commute,each participant provides a rating of how angry they felt during the drive,and stress levels are measured by taking a saliva sample.If Dr.Jirandi wanted to determine whether the caffeine group had significantly more road rage than the decaffeinated group,which of the following pieces of information would he NOT need to know?

Cindy's brother is addicted to cigarettes,so Cindy does some research to look for treatment options.She finds one treatment that is proven effective in treating all kinds of addictions,including cigarettes,alcohol,food,shopping,heroin,cocaine,sex,and marijuana.Not only that,but everyone given this treatment was cured of their addiction within 3 days.Do you think Cindy should get the treatment for her brother?

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest relationship between two variables?

In an experiment,the researcher deliberately manipulates the ___ variable and measures the ___ variable.

At Folger University,Drs.Chase and Sanborn are conducting an experiment on the effects of caffeine on memory.Participants are randomly assigned to a caffeine or a no-caffeine group and their recall of items on a word list is later assessed.Which pair below correctly identifies a variable in this experiment?

Dr.Yagushi is researching the effects of daily exercise on neurogenesis.To do this,she uses three groups of rats that vary in the amount of daily exercise: one group gets no access to a running wheel,another group gets 2 hours of access to the running wheel,and a final group gets 12 hours of access to the wheel.After 2 months on their respective exercise schedules,the rats are sacrificed,and Dr.Yagushi counts the number of neurons in a given region of the brain.Most importantly,when Dr.Yagushi is doing her neuron count on each brain slice,she doesn't know which brain received each exercise level.What potential influence on the results is Dr.Yagushi mindful of in collecting her data this way?

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the descriptive/correlational research method?

Helena proposes that the more impulsive a student is,the more likely he or she will be to change answers on a multiple-choice test.The variable(s)in this statement is/are

What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis?

What special considerations must researchers give to participants such as children or the elderly?

Which of the following examples shows how psychology can overcome the problem that mental functions cannot be directly observed?

The frustration-aggression hypothesis predicts that aggressive behaviour follows the failure to attain a goal.The hypothesis is supported when an individual hits and curses at a vending machine that fails to deliver a cold drink after money has been inserted.This scenario illustrates the ___ reasoning process.

Name two benefits of a study that uses a double-blind procedure.