Exam 2: Psychology as a Science

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events for deductive reasoning?

Dr.O'Connor is telling his participants before he begins the experiment that their participation is completely voluntary and that they can stop taking part at any time.Dr.Quick is providing a detailed explanation to participants who have just completed a study.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Most likely,___ was the driving force behind the shift in the focus of psychology from philosophy to being more scientific.

Dr.Sadik is studying the effects of a new anxiety drug on the ability of obsessive-compulsive patients to ignore their obsessive thoughts and not need to carry out their compulsive behaviours.To do this,she uses three doses of drug on different groups of patients: some take a high dose,others a low dose,and others take a placebo sugar pill.She then measures the number of compulsive behaviours performed by each patient.What statistic would Dr.Sadik use to determine if she has a significant difference between groups?

What difficult balance,in regards to using psychology and pseudopsychology,must psychologists maintain?

Researcher bias is NOT an issue when naturalistic observation is used.

Dr.Cirella measures the throwing distance of a group of Grade 8 students,and finds that the average distance for the boys is greater than that for the girls.If he also wanted to know how much the scores vary within each group,what statistic should he use?

How can researchers control for the Hawthorne effect?

Define random selection and why it is used.

Paulette encounters the following sentence in a psychology journal article she is reading: "Participants exposed to brief heat stress made more errors on the visual attention task than did participants not exposed to heat stress,p < .05." Paulette can conclude each of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following statistical procedures can be used to determine to what degree participants' scores within a group vary?

Evaluate the following statement: Animal testing has not benefited our understanding of human behaviour.Is this an accurate statement? Why or why not?

A(n)___ test can be used to compare the performance of more than two groups.

If a hypothesis was disproved,all the following could happen EXCEPT

Gerald just finished participating in a study on the effects of pornography on attitudes toward women.He was asked to watch 30 minutes of pornography (that may or may not have had violence toward women)and then he completed a lengthy questionnaire about his attitudes toward women.Now,Gerald is sitting down with the researcher and is handed a form that explains all the details of the study.He is then asked if he has any questions,and he's given the researcher's contact information in case he thinks of any questions in the future.What type of form was Gerald given?

If researchers were interested in studying individuals' attitudes toward the treatment of persons with mental illness in Canada,which of the following would they be MOST likely to use?

Although psychology is a science,it differs in several key ways from other physical sciences.Which of the attributes listed below differs between psychology and other physical sciences? 1 - the focus of the subject matter isn't always directly observable 2 - it uses experimental methods 3 - how the findings are applied can have moral implications 4 - it attempts to isolate fundamental elements

Which of the following is a core belief of psychology and all sciences?

When the results of a research project have been found to be 'statistically significant',what does this really mean?

Which of the following researchers is using an acceptable operational definition of a variable?