Exam 9: Language and Thinking

Criterion-related validity refers to:

That a language is ______________ means that its symbols can be combined in an almost infinite number of ways to provide meaningful statements.

Bob is very good at reading the behavioural cues that people generate and responds effectively to these cues.Bob has many close friends and is generally well liked by those who know him.In addition,Bob is also good at motivating himself and taking care of his personal needs.These qualities suggest that Bob would most likely score highly on a measure of:

The text discusses a problem where you assume that you have a drawer containing 19 single black socks and 13 single blues and you are asked to determine how many socks you must pull out in the dark in order to be sure of having a matching pair.This problem was presented to demonstrate how the belief bias can interfere with deductive reasoning.

Mental blueprints or step-by-step scripts for selecting information and solving specialized classes of problems are called:

A study of the structure of the intellect and determining such things as the number of mental abilities responsible for test performance is the focus of the ____________ approach to intelligence.

To consistently solve a certain type of problem correctly,it is advantageous to use a(n)_____________.

A morpheme is considered to be the smallest unit of _____________ in a language.

Summarize the works of Sir Francis Galton,Alfred Binet,and William Stern and how each contributed to the development of intelligence tests.

Our tendency to prove or validate beliefs that we already hold instead of looking for evidence to disprove our assumptions is called:

The problem-solving pitfall called a(n)_____________ was demonstrated using Luchin's water jar problems.

You are hungry and would like something to eat.You decide to look through the pantry and you see a box of macaroni and cheese that looks good.Without really thinking about it,you know how to do all the various steps involved in making this meal,such as filling a pot with water,boiling the water,cooking the pasta,mixing in the cheese sauce,and finding a plate on which to put the finished meal.This type of specialized knowledge is best considered to be an example of:

Dr.Johnson has developed a new psychological test and after conducting some pilot tests,she has determined that all of the items on the test appear to be measuring the same psychological concept.Thus,we would say that her new test has strong or high:

A test that has good consistency has strong ___________.

You can readily use language to describe the features of a person that you know.This use of language demonstrates how language is symbolic and illustrates the linguistic feature of _____________.

Research on gender differences in cognitive skills has revealed that men tend to score slightly higher on tests of certain spatial abilities and mathematical reasoning,while women tend to perform better on tests of _______________.

Identify the deep structure in the statement,"That's like finding a needle in a haystack."

Which of the following statements regarding the predictive use of intelligence tests is true?

A psychologist designs an experiment to test a specific if-then hypothesis such as,"If the rats are hungry,then they will run the maze more quickly." This process is formally known as the _____________ approach to theory building.

Adjectives for the major modes of thought are: