Exam 9: Language and Thinking

To infer how closely something fits our prototype for a particular class and the likelihood that it belongs to that class,we use ___________.

The English language has about 40 ____________,which are made up of the various consonant and vowel sounds,along with certain letter combinations such as "ch" and "th."

According to the availability heuristic,we often base our probability decisions on:

For a given field,experts differ from novices in that:

Einstein's brain had more _______ than average.

Researchers have found that to guide problem solving in their fields,experts in many different areas all rely heavily on the use of __________.

According to Tversky and Kanhneman,the errors in logic that occured in response to the "Linda the feminist bank teller" problem (where participants think it is more likely that Linda is a feminist bank teller than simply a bank teller)are due to the fact that they confused:

It is assumed that problem-solving schemas facilitate the performance of experts by allowing them to solve problems in working memory.

In every language,there are rules that determine how phonemes can be combined to create morphemes.These rules are called:

The phenomenon of _____________ refers to people's tendency to be blinded to potentially new uses of an object because of their rigid perceptions of the object's normal functions.

The three critical properties that are common to all languages are that they are all symbolic,they all have structure,and they all are generative.

Compared to other existing theory's of intelligence,Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is most unique in that:

When all of the items on a test are measuring the same thing and are highly correlated with one another,the test is said to have high _________________.

The heuristic called ______________ involves identifying key differences between the current situation and the desired state and then taking steps to reduce or eliminate these differences.

Even though African American students as a group score slightly lower on IQ tests than Caucasian students,the test still does predict _____________ performance equally well for both ethnic groups.

Compared to men's brains,the brains of women

The ability to accurately read and effectively respond to the reactions of other people or yourself is considered to be an essential part of ____________ intelligence.

Which of the following would be best considered an example of the imaginal mode of thought?

While at the park,19-month-old Suzy points to the swing set and says,"Push swing!" After she has had enough and wants to leave,she turns to her father and says,"Go car." Phrases such as these are called:

Stan and Samantha are the proud parents of three little girls.They decide to have one more child because it seems like they are due to have a boy.Stan and Samantha think that most families have both boys and girls therefore they figure the probability the next child will be a boy is high.Stan and Samantha: