Question 1

Which stage of sleep is characterized as a brief transitional stage during which theta waves are prominent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stage 1 
B)  Stage 2 
C)  Stage 4 
D)  REM 
A)  Stage 1 
B)  Stage 2 
C)  Stage 4 
D)  REM

Question 2

Stage 1 sleep is represented by EEG brain-wave patterns referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha waves 
B)  REM waves 
C)  theta waves 
D)  zeta waves 
A)  alpha waves 
B)  REM waves 
C)  theta waves 
D)  zeta waves

Question 3

Which of the following glands is responsible for secreting the hormone involved in adjustments to our biological clocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  the pineal gland 
B)  the pituitary gland 
C)  the thyroid 
D)  the gonads 
A)  the pineal gland 
B)  the pituitary gland 
C)  the thyroid 
D)  the gonads

Question 4

The rare sleep disorder in which a person will, without warning, go directly from being awake into REM sleep is

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep apnea. 
B)  narcolepsy. 
C)  hypersomnia. 
D)  somnambulism. 
A)  sleep apnea. 
B)  narcolepsy. 
C)  hypersomnia. 
D)  somnambulism.

Question 5

Which of the following statements regarding the use of sleeping pills is least accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are a good long-range solution for insomnia. 
B)  There is some danger of overdose. 
C)  They reduce the proportion of time spent in slow-wave sleep. 
D)  They gradually become less effective with continued use. 
A)  They are a good long-range solution for insomnia. 
B)  There is some danger of overdose. 
C)  They reduce the proportion of time spent in slow-wave sleep. 
D)  They gradually become less effective with continued use.

Question 6

Which of the following has not been suggested as a hypothesis concerning the evolutionary bases of sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  to reduce exposure to predators 
B)  to conserve energy 
C)  to reduce the risk of accidents during the night part of the day-night cycle 
D)  to restore energy and other bodily resources 
A)  to reduce exposure to predators 
B)  to conserve energy 
C)  to reduce the risk of accidents during the night part of the day-night cycle 
D)  to restore energy and other bodily resources

Question 7

Correlation research, using self-report data, has investigated the link between sleep duration and mortality risk. The two key findings are: people who consistently sleep less than seven hours exhibit ____ mortality risk; people who consistently sleep more than eight hours exhibit ____ mortality risk.

Accepted Answer

A)  an increased; a decreased 
B)  a decreased; an increased 
C)  an increased; an increased 
D)  a decreased; a decreased 
A)  an increased; a decreased 
B)  a decreased; an increased 
C)  an increased; an increased 
D)  a decreased; a decreased

Question 8

Ryan is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. As the researcher watches the printout from the EEG, sleep spindles begin to appear. Based on this information, the researcher can conclude that Ryan

Accepted Answer

A)  is currently in REM sleep. 
B)  has just entered Stage 2 sleep. 
C)  has just entered Stage 1 sleep. 
D)  is still awake, but is relaxed and drowsy. 
A)  is currently in REM sleep. 
B)  has just entered Stage 2 sleep. 
C)  has just entered Stage 1 sleep. 
D)  is still awake, but is relaxed and drowsy.

Question 9

A disease marked by sudden and irresistible onset of sleep during normal waking hours is

Accepted Answer

A)  reverse insomnia. 
B)  somnambulism. 
C)  sleep apnea. 
D)  narcolepsy. 
A)  reverse insomnia. 
B)  somnambulism. 
C)  sleep apnea. 
D)  narcolepsy.

Question 10

Megan is working through an extremely difficult calculus problem. If the overall electrical activity in her brain was being recorded at this time it would likely show brain waves

Accepted Answer

A)  between 8 and 12 cycles per second. 
B)  between 4 and 7 cycles per second. 
C)  less than 4 cycles per second. 
D)  between 13 and 24 cycles per second. 
A)  between 8 and 12 cycles per second. 
B)  between 4 and 7 cycles per second. 
C)  less than 4 cycles per second. 
D)  between 13 and 24 cycles per second.

Question 11

Research has revealed that most dreams are

Accepted Answer

A)  about fairly normal activities. 
B)  about fairly bizarre activities. 
C)  random bursts of activity with little coherence. 
D)  focused on others rather than oneself. 
A)  about fairly normal activities. 
B)  about fairly bizarre activities. 
C)  random bursts of activity with little coherence. 
D)  focused on others rather than oneself.

Question 12

One hypothesis regarding the cause of crib death in babies is that they stop breathing during sleep, a sleep disorder known as

Accepted Answer

A)  narcolepsy. 
B)  sleep apnea. 
C)  night terror. 
D)  hypersomnia. 
A)  narcolepsy. 
B)  sleep apnea. 
C)  night terror. 
D)  hypersomnia.

Question 13

Katherine's new dentist plans to use hypnosis, instead of anesthesia, while he works on Katherine's teeth. Katherine asks you if she should go along with this, or if she should find another dentist. Based on research into the effects of hypnosis, you should tell her

Accepted Answer

A)  hypnosis typically has no effect on the experience of pain. 
B)  hypnosis is only effective as an anesthetic when it is used in conjunction with sedatives. 
C)  once she is no longer hypnotized her sensitivity to pain will show a rebound effect. 
D)  hypnosis can be an effective substitute for some anesthetic drugs. 
A)  hypnosis typically has no effect on the experience of pain. 
B)  hypnosis is only effective as an anesthetic when it is used in conjunction with sedatives. 
C)  once she is no longer hypnotized her sensitivity to pain will show a rebound effect. 
D)  hypnosis can be an effective substitute for some anesthetic drugs.

Question 14

Recent evidence on the effects of sleep deprivation suggests all of the following EXCEPT that loss of sleep

Accepted Answer

A)  is not as detrimental as was once thought. 
B)  undermines efficiency at work. 
C)  may also have a negative impact on immune system functioning. 
D)  can impair an individual's attention and reaction time. 
A)  is not as detrimental as was once thought. 
B)  undermines efficiency at work. 
C)  may also have a negative impact on immune system functioning. 
D)  can impair an individual's attention and reaction time.

Question 15

Research has shown that people who work on a rotating shift schedule are ____ to have accidents and be ____ productive than people who do not work on a rotating shift schedule.

Accepted Answer

A)  more apt; just as 
B)  less apt; less 
C)  less apt; more 
D)  more apt; less 
A)  more apt; just as 
B)  less apt; less 
C)  less apt; more 
D)  more apt; less

Question 16

Imagine that a mammal was discovered that had no pons in the hindbrain. You should predict that this mammal would

Accepted Answer

A)  never experience NREM sleep. 
B)  sleep for most of the day. 
C)  never experience REM sleep. 
D)  seldom sleep. 
A)  never experience NREM sleep. 
B)  sleep for most of the day. 
C)  never experience REM sleep. 
D)  seldom sleep.

Question 17

The length of time it takes to fall asleep depends on an array of factors. These do NOT include

Accepted Answer

A)  how long it has been since the person slept. 
B)  where the person is in their circadian rhythm cycle. 
C)  whether they live in an industrialized or non industrialized country. 
D)  the amount of noise in the sleep environment. 
A)  how long it has been since the person slept. 
B)  where the person is in their circadian rhythm cycle. 
C)  whether they live in an industrialized or non industrialized country. 
D)  the amount of noise in the sleep environment.

Question 18

Summing across the entire sleep cycle, you adults typically spend ____ of their time in slow-wave sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  5-10% 
B)  25-30% 
C)  15-20% 
D)  40-45% 
A)  5-10% 
B)  25-30% 
C)  15-20% 
D)  40-45%

Question 19

Which of the following does NOT happen when a person is in a meditative state?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alpha waves become more prominent in EEG recordings. 
B)  Heart rate decreases. 
C)  Oxygen consumption increases. 
D)  Respiration rate decreases. 
A)  Alpha waves become more prominent in EEG recordings. 
B)  Heart rate decreases. 
C)  Oxygen consumption increases. 
D)  Respiration rate decreases.

Question 20

Some researchers have suggested that our 24-hour sleep/wake cycle may partially be a response to a world where the sun rises and sets on a 24-hour cycle. Imagine that the earth is gradually slowing down, and in 10,000 years the sun rises and sets on a 26-hour cycle instead. If you came to this future world you might expect that people would tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  follow the old cycle and still fall asleep once every 24 hours. 
B)  show no consistent wake-sleep cycle. 
C)  develop an even shorter 22-hour sleep/wake cycle. 
D)  follow the extended cycle set by the sun and fall asleep once every 26 hours. 
A)  follow the old cycle and still fall asleep once every 24 hours. 
B)  show no consistent wake-sleep cycle. 
C)  develop an even shorter 22-hour sleep/wake cycle. 
D)  follow the extended cycle set by the sun and fall asleep once every 26 hours.

Exam 9: Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Which stage of sleep is characterized as a brief transitional stage during which theta waves are prominent?

Stage 1 sleep is represented by EEG brain-wave patterns referred to as

Which of the following glands is responsible for secreting the hormone involved in adjustments to our biological clocks?

The rare sleep disorder in which a person will, without warning, go directly from being awake into REM sleep is

Which of the following statements regarding the use of sleeping pills is least accurate?

Which of the following has not been suggested as a hypothesis concerning the evolutionary bases of sleep?

Ryan is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. As the researcher watches the printout from the EEG, sleep spindles begin to appear. Based on this information, the researcher can conclude that Ryan

A disease marked by sudden and irresistible onset of sleep during normal waking hours is

Megan is working through an extremely difficult calculus problem. If the overall electrical activity in her brain was being recorded at this time it would likely show brain waves

Research has revealed that most dreams are

One hypothesis regarding the cause of crib death in babies is that they stop breathing during sleep, a sleep disorder known as

Katherine's new dentist plans to use hypnosis, instead of anesthesia, while he works on Katherine's teeth. Katherine asks you if she should go along with this, or if she should find another dentist. Based on research into the effects of hypnosis, you should tell her

Recent evidence on the effects of sleep deprivation suggests all of the following EXCEPT that loss of sleep

Research has shown that people who work on a rotating shift schedule are ____ to have accidents and be ____ productive than people who do not work on a rotating shift schedule.

Imagine that a mammal was discovered that had no pons in the hindbrain. You should predict that this mammal would

The length of time it takes to fall asleep depends on an array of factors. These do NOT include

Summing across the entire sleep cycle, you adults typically spend ____ of their time in slow-wave sleep.

Which of the following does NOT happen when a person is in a meditative state?

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 1

Social Behavior Part 2

Careers in Psychology

Industrialorganizational Psychology

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Research has shown that people who work on a rotating shift schedule are to have accidents and be productive than people who do not work on a rotating shift schedule.