Question 1

William James proposed the concept ____ to describe the continually changing aspect of consciousness.

Accepted Answer

A)  circadian consciousness 
B)  flow of consciousness 
C)  stream of unconsciousness 
D)  stream of consciousness 
A)  circadian consciousness 
B)  flow of consciousness 
C)  stream of unconsciousness 
D)  stream of consciousness

Question 2

The day-night cycle resets the human biological clock when light causes receptors in the retina to direct input to the ____ of the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  pineal gland; medulla 
B)  pineal gland; hypothalamus 
C)  suprachiasmatic nucleus; medulla 
D)  suprachiasmatic nucleus; hypothalamus 
A)  pineal gland; medulla 
B)  pineal gland; hypothalamus 
C)  suprachiasmatic nucleus; medulla 
D)  suprachiasmatic nucleus; hypothalamus

Question 3

Riley is happy this morning because Jennifer, his 4-month-old infant, finally slept through the night for the first time. If EEG recordings were available for both Riley and Jennifer, a comparison would show

Accepted Answer

A)  that Jennifer only spent half as much time in REM sleep. 
B)  that both Riley and Jennifer spent the same proportion of time in REM sleep. 
C)  most of Jennifer's REM sleep occurred just after she had fallen asleep, and most of Riley's REM sleep occurred just before he awakened. 
D)  that Jennifer spent more than twice as much time in REM sleep. 
A)  that Jennifer only spent half as much time in REM sleep. 
B)  that both Riley and Jennifer spent the same proportion of time in REM sleep. 
C)  most of Jennifer's REM sleep occurred just after she had fallen asleep, and most of Riley's REM sleep occurred just before he awakened. 
D)  that Jennifer spent more than twice as much time in REM sleep.

Question 4

The use of dreams to allow people to engage in creative thinking about pressing personal issues is the claim of which theory of dreaming.

Accepted Answer

A)  problem-solving theory of dreams. 
B)  activation-synthesis theory of dreams. 
C)  wish-fulfillment theory of dreams. 
D)  neural overflow hypothesis of dreams. 
A)  problem-solving theory of dreams. 
B)  activation-synthesis theory of dreams. 
C)  wish-fulfillment theory of dreams. 
D)  neural overflow hypothesis of dreams.

Question 5

Freud theorized that dreams

Accepted Answer

A)  provide a window to the conscious mind. 
B)  provide a practical approach to problem solving. 
C)  reflect wish fulfillment. 
D)  reflect reality. 
A)  provide a window to the conscious mind. 
B)  provide a practical approach to problem solving. 
C)  reflect wish fulfillment. 
D)  reflect reality.

Question 6

The four basic EEG patterns are

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha, beta, gamma, delta. 
B)  beta, theta, omega, gamma. 
C)  theta, delta, beta, omega. 
D)  alpha, beta, theta, delta. 
A)  alpha, beta, gamma, delta. 
B)  beta, theta, omega, gamma. 
C)  theta, delta, beta, omega. 
D)  alpha, beta, theta, delta.

Question 7

While serving as a subject at a sleep clinic, Erica is deprived of dreaming for several nights. As a result, she is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  experience REM rebound and spend more time in REM sleep on subsequent nights. 
B)  become accustomed to going without dreaming and spend less time in REM sleep on subsequent nights. 
C)  immediately return to a normal sleep cycle when she is allowed to sleep through the night. 
D)  have difficulty achieving REM on subsequent nights. 
A)  experience REM rebound and spend more time in REM sleep on subsequent nights. 
B)  become accustomed to going without dreaming and spend less time in REM sleep on subsequent nights. 
C)  immediately return to a normal sleep cycle when she is allowed to sleep through the night. 
D)  have difficulty achieving REM on subsequent nights.

Question 8

Rebecca is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. As the researcher watches the printout from the EEG, delta waves appear. Based on this information, the researcher can conclude that Rebecca

Accepted Answer

A)  has just entered Stage 1 sleep. 
B)  is still awake, but is relaxed and drowsy. 
C)  is currently in REM sleep. 
D)  has just entered Stage 3 sleep. 
A)  has just entered Stage 1 sleep. 
B)  is still awake, but is relaxed and drowsy. 
C)  is currently in REM sleep. 
D)  has just entered Stage 3 sleep.

Question 9

If you were to lie down under a tree and relax, but not fall asleep, your dominant brain wave pattern would MOST likely consist of

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha waves. 
B)  beta waves. 
C)  delta waves. 
D)  theta waves. 
A)  alpha waves. 
B)  beta waves. 
C)  delta waves. 
D)  theta waves.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a common effect of hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  auditory and visual hallucinations 
B)  the reduction of inhibitions 
C)  some resistance to pain 
D)  total loss of personal control 
A)  auditory and visual hallucinations 
B)  the reduction of inhibitions 
C)  some resistance to pain 
D)  total loss of personal control

Question 11

In which culture would people be held responsible for their dream actions? (For example an erotic dream about someone could be seen as an adulterous act.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Marakesh of Morocco 
B)  Aborigines of Australia 
C)  Arapesh of New Guinea 
D)  Parintinin of Brazil 
A)  Marakesh of Morocco 
B)  Aborigines of Australia 
C)  Arapesh of New Guinea 
D)  Parintinin of Brazil

Question 12

Compared to young adults, infants sleep for a ____ period of time each day and spend a ____ proportion of their total sleep time in REM sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  longer; smaller 
B)  longer; larger 
C)  shorter; larger 
D)  shorter; smaller 
A)  longer; smaller 
B)  longer; larger 
C)  shorter; larger 
D)  shorter; smaller

Question 13

If selectively deprived of REM sleep, a person will later experience

Accepted Answer

A)  hypochondriasis. 
B)  emotionality. 
C)  NREM. 
D)  REM rebound. 
A)  hypochondriasis. 
B)  emotionality. 
C)  NREM. 
D)  REM rebound.

Question 14

Martin wakes up hundreds of times each night gasping for air. He suffers from

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep apnea. 
B)  respiratory deficiency. 
C)  insomnia. 
D)  narcolepsy. 
A)  sleep apnea. 
B)  respiratory deficiency. 
C)  insomnia. 
D)  narcolepsy.

Question 15

Cody is visiting his pen pal in a tropical, non-industrialized village. Cody is likely to find that the inhabitants of the village

Accepted Answer

A)  take a 1-to-2 hour midday nap each day. 
B)  are less likely than Americans are to encourage co-sleeping. 
C)  experience less REM sleep than is typical for Americans. 
D)  experience less slow-wave sleep than is typical for Americans. 
A)  take a 1-to-2 hour midday nap each day. 
B)  are less likely than Americans are to encourage co-sleeping. 
C)  experience less REM sleep than is typical for Americans. 
D)  experience less slow-wave sleep than is typical for Americans.

Question 16

While serving as a subject in a laboratory sleep study for several nights, Steve was awakened whenever he entered REM sleep. When first allowed an uninterrupted night's sleep, Steve would

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep for a longer amount of time than normal. 
B)  sleep for a shorter amount of time than normal. 
C)  spend more time in REM sleep than normal. 
D)  spend less time in REM sleep than normal. 
A)  sleep for a longer amount of time than normal. 
B)  sleep for a shorter amount of time than normal. 
C)  spend more time in REM sleep than normal. 
D)  spend less time in REM sleep than normal.

Question 17

Individuals with partial sleep deprivation or sleep restriction experience

Accepted Answer

A)  impaired attention. 
B)  impaired motor coordination. 
C)  impaired decision making. 
D)  impaired attention, motor coordination, and decision making. 
A)  impaired attention. 
B)  impaired motor coordination. 
C)  impaired decision making. 
D)  impaired attention, motor coordination, and decision making.

Question 18

Kara has just fallen asleep and immediately slips into REM. Kara has probably experienced or undergone

Accepted Answer

A)  selective sleep deprivation. 
B)  alcohol overdose. 
C)  NREM rebound. 
D)  biofeedback training. 
A)  selective sleep deprivation. 
B)  alcohol overdose. 
C)  NREM rebound. 
D)  biofeedback training.

Question 19

Shortened sleep duration has been linked to a heightened vulnerability for a variety of diseases. This means that sleep duration and these health risks are

Accepted Answer

A)  positively correlated. 
B)  negatively correlated. 
C)  uncorrelated. 
D)  confounded variables. 
A)  positively correlated. 
B)  negatively correlated. 
C)  uncorrelated. 
D)  confounded variables.

Question 20

Freud called the contents of our waking life that spill into our dreams

Accepted Answer

A)  the day residue. 
B)  manifest content. 
C)  reticular synthesis. 
D)  wish fulfillment. 
A)  the day residue. 
B)  manifest content. 
C)  reticular synthesis. 
D)  wish fulfillment.

Exam 9: Variations in Consciousness Part 1

William James proposed the concept ____ to describe the continually changing aspect of consciousness.

The day-night cycle resets the human biological clock when light causes receptors in the retina to direct input to the ____ of the ____.

Riley is happy this morning because Jennifer, his 4-month-old infant, finally slept through the night for the first time. If EEG recordings were available for both Riley and Jennifer, a comparison would show

The use of dreams to allow people to engage in creative thinking about pressing personal issues is the claim of which theory of dreaming.

Freud theorized that dreams

The four basic EEG patterns are

While serving as a subject at a sleep clinic, Erica is deprived of dreaming for several nights. As a result, she is likely to

Rebecca is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. As the researcher watches the printout from the EEG, delta waves appear. Based on this information, the researcher can conclude that Rebecca

If you were to lie down under a tree and relax, but not fall asleep, your dominant brain wave pattern would MOST likely consist of

Which of the following is NOT a common effect of hypnosis?

In which culture would people be held responsible for their dream actions? (For example an erotic dream about someone could be seen as an adulterous act.)

Compared to young adults, infants sleep for a ____ period of time each day and spend a ____ proportion of their total sleep time in REM sleep.

If selectively deprived of REM sleep, a person will later experience

Martin wakes up hundreds of times each night gasping for air. He suffers from

Cody is visiting his pen pal in a tropical, non-industrialized village. Cody is likely to find that the inhabitants of the village

While serving as a subject in a laboratory sleep study for several nights, Steve was awakened whenever he entered REM sleep. When first allowed an uninterrupted night's sleep, Steve would

Individuals with partial sleep deprivation or sleep restriction experience

Kara has just fallen asleep and immediately slips into REM. Kara has probably experienced or undergone

Shortened sleep duration has been linked to a heightened vulnerability for a variety of diseases. This means that sleep duration and these health risks are

Freud called the contents of our waking life that spill into our dreams

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 1

Social Behavior Part 2

Careers in Psychology

Industrialorganizational Psychology

Statistical Methods

Filters

The day-night cycle resets the human biological clock when light causes receptors in the retina to direct input to the of the .

Compared to young adults, infants sleep for a period of time each day and spend a proportion of their total sleep time in REM sleep.