Question 1

Given the cyclical nature of sleep, we can expect to do the most dreaming

Accepted Answer

A)  toward the beginning of the night's sleep. 
B)  in the middle of the night's sleep. 
C)  in NREM sleep. 
D)  toward the end of the night's sleep. 
A)  toward the beginning of the night's sleep. 
B)  in the middle of the night's sleep. 
C)  in NREM sleep. 
D)  toward the end of the night's sleep.

Question 2

Kelli wakes up abruptly from NREM sleep with intense autonomic arousal and feelings of panic. Kelli has just experienced a

Accepted Answer

A)  night terror. 
B)  nightmare. 
C)  psychotic dream. 
D)  somnambulistic break. 
A)  night terror. 
B)  nightmare. 
C)  psychotic dream. 
D)  somnambulistic break.

Question 3

Sleep apnea has NOT been linked to an increased vulnerability to

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertension. 
B)  coronary disease. 
C)  stroke. 
D)  mood disorders. 
A)  hypertension. 
B)  coronary disease. 
C)  stroke. 
D)  mood disorders.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT associated with REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  heightened muscle tension 
B)  dreaming 
C)  irregular breathing 
D)  irregular pulse rate 
A)  heightened muscle tension 
B)  dreaming 
C)  irregular breathing 
D)  irregular pulse rate

Question 5

Mary occasionally takes a dose of melatonin in the afternoon. Most likely she takes it to help her

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent sleepiness. 
B)  imitate jet lag. 
C)  concentrate. 
D)  fall asleep for a nap. 
A)  prevent sleepiness. 
B)  imitate jet lag. 
C)  concentrate. 
D)  fall asleep for a nap.

Question 6

For the past two weeks Catlin has been taking a mild sedative to help her fall asleep. She is likely to find that

Accepted Answer

A)  she feels drowsy and sluggish during the day. 
B)  she can take less of the drug because the effects of sedatives tend to be cumulative. 
C)  she will spend more of the night dreaming than she did without the sedative. 
D)  after two weeks her insomnia should be cured, and she can stop using the sedative. 
A)  she feels drowsy and sluggish during the day. 
B)  she can take less of the drug because the effects of sedatives tend to be cumulative. 
C)  she will spend more of the night dreaming than she did without the sedative. 
D)  after two weeks her insomnia should be cured, and she can stop using the sedative.

Question 7

For the past month Mitchell has had difficulty falling asleep at night. Even though he goes to bed at his usual time, he lays awake for several hours before he finally drifts off to sleep. As a result, Mitchell has only been getting 5 to 6 hours of sleep, instead of the 8 hours he is used to. Mitchell is likely to find that his lack of sleep leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  the inability to solve complex problems. 
B)  impaired attention, especially on monotonous tasks. 
C)  hallucinations and general disorientation. 
D)  night terrors when he actually does fall asleep. 
A)  the inability to solve complex problems. 
B)  impaired attention, especially on monotonous tasks. 
C)  hallucinations and general disorientation. 
D)  night terrors when he actually does fall asleep.

Question 8

The fact that nonhypnotized subjects can be suspended rigidly between two chairs with only their heads and feet supporting them

Accepted Answer

A)  supports the role-playing view of hypnosis. 
B)  provides support for the notion of posthypnotic suggestion. 
C)  supports the idea that hypnosis is a unique altered state. 
D)  suggests that hypnosis can tap into the subjects unconscious 
A)  supports the role-playing view of hypnosis. 
B)  provides support for the notion of posthypnotic suggestion. 
C)  supports the idea that hypnosis is a unique altered state. 
D)  suggests that hypnosis can tap into the subjects unconscious

Question 9

Hypnosis owes its beginnings to the work of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  Franz Anton Mesmer 
C)  Ernest Hilgard 
D)  Harry Houdini 
A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  Franz Anton Mesmer 
C)  Ernest Hilgard 
D)  Harry Houdini

Question 10

Which of the following statements about culture and dreams is LEAST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some basic dream themes appear to be nearly universal across cultures. 
B)  People in Western societies tend to recall their dreams vividly. 
C)  In many cultures, dreams are seen as a window into the spiritual world. 
D)  In Western cultures, dreams are largely written off as insignificant. 
A)  Some basic dream themes appear to be nearly universal across cultures. 
B)  People in Western societies tend to recall their dreams vividly. 
C)  In many cultures, dreams are seen as a window into the spiritual world. 
D)  In Western cultures, dreams are largely written off as insignificant.

Question 11

Philippe is being monitored in a sleep lab. Which of the following instruments would MOST likely be used to measure his eye movements?

Accepted Answer

A)  electromyograph 
B)  electrooculograph 
C)  electroencephalograph 
D)  polygraph 
A)  electromyograph 
B)  electrooculograph 
C)  electroencephalograph 
D)  polygraph

Question 12

How long does it typically take a person to readjust her biological clock after experiencing jet lag?

Accepted Answer

A)  one day for each time zone crossed 
B)  two days for each time zone crossed 
C)  three days 
D)  one week 
A)  one day for each time zone crossed 
B)  two days for each time zone crossed 
C)  three days 
D)  one week

Question 13

The Featured Study is representative of a great deal of recent research which suggests that the effects of sleep deprivation

Accepted Answer

A)  are substantially different in males and females. 
B)  vary as a function of one's normal sleeping habits. 
C)  are more serious than widely believed. 
D)  are practically nonexistent in healthy adults. 
A)  are substantially different in males and females. 
B)  vary as a function of one's normal sleeping habits. 
C)  are more serious than widely believed. 
D)  are practically nonexistent in healthy adults.

Question 14

Nightmares usually occur during ____ sleep and night terrors usually occur during ____ sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  NREM; REM 
B)  REM; NREM 
C)  REM; REM 
D)  NREM; NREM 
A)  NREM; REM 
B)  REM; NREM 
C)  REM; REM 
D)  NREM; NREM

Question 15

In research studies, which of the following has NOT been linked to short sleep duration?

Accepted Answer

A)  a decreased risk of mood disorders 
B)  an increased risk of diabetes 
C)  an increased risk of hypertension 
D)  an increase in obesity 
A)  a decreased risk of mood disorders 
B)  an increased risk of diabetes 
C)  an increased risk of hypertension 
D)  an increase in obesity

Question 16

The observation that age-regressed hypnotized individuals recall long-ago events in a vivid but incorrect manner supports the ____ theory of hypnosis.

Accepted Answer

A)  dissociation 
B)  wish fulfillment 
C)  role-playing 
D)  activation-synthesis 
A)  dissociation 
B)  wish fulfillment 
C)  role-playing 
D)  activation-synthesis

Question 17

According to Spiegel, Greenleaf, and Spiegel (2005) the three components of high hypnotizability do NOT include

Accepted Answer

A)  absorption. 
B)  sensory acuity. 
C)  dissociation. 
D)  suggestibility. 
A)  absorption. 
B)  sensory acuity. 
C)  dissociation. 
D)  suggestibility.

Question 18

Victoria is listening to a lecture in a hot lecture hall, late on a Friday afternoon. She starts to feel drowsy, and then falls into a light sleep. If her brain wave patterns were being monitored, they would show a shift from

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha waves to beta waves and finally to delta waves. 
B)  theta waves to beta waves and finally to alpha waves. 
C)  beta waves to alpha waves and finally to theta waves. 
D)  beta waves to theta waves and finally to alpha waves. 
A)  alpha waves to beta waves and finally to delta waves. 
B)  theta waves to beta waves and finally to alpha waves. 
C)  beta waves to alpha waves and finally to theta waves. 
D)  beta waves to theta waves and finally to alpha waves.

Question 19

Which of the following statements BEST reflects current thinking regarding the evolutionary roots of consciousness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers generally agree that there is no plausible evolutionary explanation of consciousness. 
B)  The evolutionary bases of consciousness remain elusive. 
C)  Unobservable behaviors such as consciousness are not subject to the laws of evolution. 
D)  Plenty of empirical evidence exists to support the adaptive quality of consciousness. 
A)  Researchers generally agree that there is no plausible evolutionary explanation of consciousness. 
B)  The evolutionary bases of consciousness remain elusive. 
C)  Unobservable behaviors such as consciousness are not subject to the laws of evolution. 
D)  Plenty of empirical evidence exists to support the adaptive quality of consciousness.

Question 20

Gunther is a news anchor who just flew from San Diego to Paris, crossing 8 time zones. Based on what is known about jet lag, Gunther will MOST likely

Accepted Answer

A)  take about 4 days to adjust to the new time zone. 
B)  take 48 hours to adjust to the new time zone. 
C)  not experience any jet lag because he has flown west to east. 
D)  take just over a week to adjust to the new time zone. 
A)  take about 4 days to adjust to the new time zone. 
B)  take 48 hours to adjust to the new time zone. 
C)  not experience any jet lag because he has flown west to east. 
D)  take just over a week to adjust to the new time zone.

Exam 9: Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Given the cyclical nature of sleep, we can expect to do the most dreaming

Kelli wakes up abruptly from NREM sleep with intense autonomic arousal and feelings of panic. Kelli has just experienced a

Sleep apnea has NOT been linked to an increased vulnerability to

Which of the following is NOT associated with REM sleep?

Mary occasionally takes a dose of melatonin in the afternoon. Most likely she takes it to help her

For the past two weeks Catlin has been taking a mild sedative to help her fall asleep. She is likely to find that

The fact that nonhypnotized subjects can be suspended rigidly between two chairs with only their heads and feet supporting them

Hypnosis owes its beginnings to the work of which of the following?

Which of the following statements about culture and dreams is LEAST accurate?

Philippe is being monitored in a sleep lab. Which of the following instruments would MOST likely be used to measure his eye movements?

How long does it typically take a person to readjust her biological clock after experiencing jet lag?

The Featured Study is representative of a great deal of recent research which suggests that the effects of sleep deprivation

Nightmares usually occur during ____ sleep and night terrors usually occur during ____ sleep.

In research studies, which of the following has NOT been linked to short sleep duration?

The observation that age-regressed hypnotized individuals recall long-ago events in a vivid but incorrect manner supports the ____ theory of hypnosis.

According to Spiegel, Greenleaf, and Spiegel (2005) the three components of high hypnotizability do NOT include

Victoria is listening to a lecture in a hot lecture hall, late on a Friday afternoon. She starts to feel drowsy, and then falls into a light sleep. If her brain wave patterns were being monitored, they would show a shift from

Which of the following statements BEST reflects current thinking regarding the evolutionary roots of consciousness?

Gunther is a news anchor who just flew from San Diego to Paris, crossing 8 time zones. Based on what is known about jet lag, Gunther will MOST likely

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 1

Social Behavior Part 2

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Nightmares usually occur during sleep and night terrors usually occur during sleep.