Exam 1: What Is Psychology

In Wilhelm Wundt's trained introspection, volunteers were trained to break down behavior into its most basic elements.

The _______________ perspective of psychology focuses on the environmental rewards and punishers that maintain or discourage specific behaviors.

The theory of phrenology is a classic pseudoscience.

Developmental psychologists study how people change and grow over time.

Clinical programs leading to a PsyD focus on professional practice and do not usually require a research dissertation.

A _______________ might study what goes on in the mind of an infant or study different types of intelligence.

A psychologist who embraces the cognitive perspective would be most interested in:

_______________ is revered by psychologists because his laboratory was the first to have its results published in a scholarly journal.

The key to whether or not a psychological finding is important is whether or not the finding is surprising.

Make sure psychology's past is still present in your memory by choosing the correct response from each pair of terms in parentheses: -Early psychologists who emphasized how behavior helps an organism adapt to its environment were known as (structuralists/functionalists).

In almost all states, a _______________ is required to obtain a license to practice clinical psychology.

Sociocultural psychologists use an interesting metaphor in regard to humans and culture. They describe people as similar to fish! Fish are unaware that they live in water, so obvious is water in their lives. Explain why sociocultural psychologists use this metaphor.

Which of the following is one of the eight essential critical-thinking guidelines?

Which of the following would give the most accurate view of psychology?

Dr. Lyons studies the impact of societal norms and values on human decision-making behavior. It is most likely that she endorses which of the following psychological approaches?

The structuralists had an intensive program of research in Germany and the United States. What became of this school of psychology? What challenges did the structuralists encounter?

Which school of thought in psychology evolved into an elaborate theory of personality that emphasized unconscious motives and conflicts?

The learning perspective of psychology is an approach that emphasizes how the environment and experiences affect a person's actions.

Critical thinking gives importance to:

A fortune teller reads Haifa's palm and tells Haifa that she will fall in love during spring break when she travels to Cancun. As a critical thinker enrolled in a General Psychology class, how would Haifa react to this news? What critical thinking guidelines would be important for her to consider?