Exam 8: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

________ is defined as a gradual process in which individuals escalate their commitment to a course of action to justify their investment of time, money, or effort.

In Stanley Milgram's study of obedience, the "learners" actually received very significant levels of shock.

Before Milgram's study of obedience began, psychiatrists predicted that only one person in a thousand would administer the highest voltage.

Which of the following is the most common explanation of bystander apathy?

Culture can be defined as a program of shared ________ that govern the behavior of people in a society, as well as a set of shared values and beliefs.

Which of the following is a symptom of groupthink?

Which of the following actions by the "learner" reduced the likelihood of being shocked by the "teacher" in Milgram's study?

A belief about people, groups, ideas, or activities is called a(n):

Solomon Asch, in his experiments testing conformity, wanted to know what people would do when a group unanimously contradicted an obvious fact. What was found in Asch's studies and in the many replications of his work?

An attitude is a belief about people, groups, ideas, or activities.

Adora, Yvette, and twelve of their closest friends from college plan to go to Key West during spring break. As members of the anonymous crowd of college students, Adora and Yvette will most likely:

Define groupthink and list four common symptoms.

Rules that regulate human life, including explicit laws and implicit cultural conventions, are called situational attributions.

In Asch's conformity experiment, the presence of one other person who gave the correct answer was enough to overcome agreement with the majority.

Simply exposing people repeatedly to a product can make them like that product more.

Which of the following increased the likelihood that participants would disobey in Milgram's obedience study?

A psychological cause of prejudice is that it:

Which of the following is true about obedience?

Candidate Carson spends $3 million to make sure his name is seen and heard frequently and to repeat unverified charges that his opponent is a thief. What psychological processes is he relying on to win?

________ occurs when a person chooses attributions for his or her own behavior that are favorable.