Exam 9: Language and Thought

A patient has an inoperable tumour.Destroying the tumour with chemotherapy represents a(n)_____ solution.

Which group of people cannot distinguish between the sounds of "la" and "ra"?

Use the following to answer questions : Scenario I The scenario is based on and presents results consistent with the following studies: Snedeker,J. ,Geren,J. ,& Shafto,C.L.(2007).Starting over: International adoption as a natural experiment in language development.Psychological Science,18(1),79-87.doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01852.x Snedeker,J. ,Geren,J. ,& Shafto,C.L.(2012).Disentangling the effects of cognitive development and linguistic expertise: A longitudinal study of the acquisition of English in internationally-adopted children.Cognitive Psychology,65(1),39-76.doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2012.01.004 Language development occurs in orderly stages,beginning with one-word utterances and progressing to two-word utterances,simple sentences containing function morphemes,and the emergence of grammatical rules.Psycholinguists have attempted to determine if language development is a consequence of cognitive development or if it reflects linguistic processes that occur independently of general cognitive development.Studies on the acquisition of a second language in internationally adopted children have provided insight into this research question.In a series of studies,Snedeker and colleagues (2007,2012)studied the acquisition of the English language in adopted preschoolers from China.These children had no exposure to the English language before being adopted by families in the United States. Figure 9.1 -(Scenario I)Which data set in Figure 9.1 provides the MOST support for the contention that language development is critically dependent on experience with the language?

Japanese adults cannot distinguish between the "l" and "r" phonemes.

Children make _____ errors when learning to speak,and the errors they make still _____ grammatical rules.

Which view states that people choose to take on risks when evaluating potential losses and avoid risks when evaluating potential gains?

Acar and Ende (2016)recently studied proposed solutions to problems posted on InnoCentive.com.They recorded if the submitter was an insider or an outsider as it pertains to expertise in the field,if the proposed solution relied extensively on one domain or knowledge or several,how much effort was put into the submission,and whether or not the submission was a winning entry.They found that outsiders,relative to insiders,were MOST likely to win when they:

Humans excel at estimating:

Research has indicated that the only brain region associated with insight learning is the:

Language is a set of rules that specify how the units of grammar are combined to produce meaningful messages.