Exam 8: Memory

Many modern cognitive memory researchers believe that short-term memory is a system that actively and simultaneously processes different kinds of information and supports other cognitive functions,such as problem solving.Based on this belief,these cognitive memory researchers refer to short-term memory as:

While studying for a test,imagine that you focused a great deal of attention on the meaning of the information and attempted to relate it to examples and concepts that you are already familiar with.Your studying would best be considered an example of:

___________ memories are vivid memories of distinctive,emotionally charged events.Research has shown that they are not as accurate as people typically think they are.

When information to be memorized is organized into a hierarchy,this capitalizes on the fact that memory is enhanced by associations between concepts.

All of the following were mentioned as suggestions to improve memory EXCEPT:

Eric is taking his psychology exam which contains multiple-choice questions.In order to answer the questions,Eric's strategy is to actively search his memory for the answers and,as such,he relies on his ____________ memory.

If information is encoded using both verbal and visual encoding,it is more likely that at least one of the codes will be available later to facilitate recall.This is referred to as the ______________ theory.

John is feeling very happy and content today and has noticed that he seems to have a better memory for several positive events from his past.This example of improved recall best demonstrates the phenomenon of:

The method of loci is a memory enhancing technique based on imagery and it is consistent with the predictions of ___________ theory.

An organized pattern of thought about some aspect of the world,such as people,events,situations,or objects is called a ___________.

___________ refers to the process of getting information into memory by translating it into a neural code that your brain can process.

__________ rehearsal involves paying attention to the meaning of information and is considered to involve a deeper form of processing.

The original three-stage model of memory assumed that short-term memory was similar to a loading platform,but modern theorists have argued that the human memory system is analogous to a __________.

When you mentally repeat the number of houses you are looking as you drive around a neighbourhood,you are using the __________ component of Baddeley's working memory model.

Paivio proposed that the two forms in which long-term memory information is stored are:

The brain structure called the __________ appears to be significantly involved in the encoding of emotionally arousing or disturbing aspects of events.

Modern cognitive scientists refer to short-term memory as "working" memory because they believe that it functions similar to a(n):

While the primacy effect is thought to be due to the early transfer of information to long-term memory,this effect appears to be due to information remaining in short-term memory.This is called the __________ effect.

The amnesia patient H.M.had an operation that accidentally caused memory damage and consequently he showed a mild memory loss for the events in his life that occurred one to two years before the operation.This type of memory loss is an example of what is called:

The iconic store and the echoic store are subsystems of short-term memory.