Exam 8: Memory

Schemas can help us to organize and interpret information in a particular way.

Veronica just saw a person in a green car labelled "student driver" run a red light and cause a serious accident.While waiting for the police to arrive,Veronica suddenly remembers that she was in a serious car accident when she was a young child.With respect to recalling the accident stored in her long-term memory,today's accident apparently served as ____________.

The phenomenon of state-dependent memory can be understood by applying the principle of encoding specificity to external stimuli and cues.

There is a case of a woman suffering from memory loss who could not consciously remember the fact that a researcher had pinpricked her hand the last time they met.Though her memory for events prior to the amnesia are normal,after the amnesia she has experienced difficulty creating new memories.Her memory loss is best considered to be an example of:

Which of the following statements regarding the tendency for people to forget traumatic personal events is most accurate?

The three major approaches that scientists use to study the brain regions involved in memory are studies of:

The term ____________ was coined by Sir Frederick Bartlett and is defined as a mental framework or organized pattern of thoughts about some aspect of the world.

When attempting to memorize the position of chess pieces on a board,research on expert chess players suggests that they group pieces together that serve the same function using ________________.

Another name for short-term memory is:

Research on the phenomenon of mood-congruent recall has found that people tend to have a better memory:

Studies of and memory mechanisms in such animals as marine mollusks and insects have not led to better understandings of the mechanisms important for and memory in mammals because mammals are much more sophisticated in terms of memory and than are lesser evolved animals.

Which area of the brain appears to play a key role in working memory,particularly central executive functions?

Carl and Ursula are taking a second language course and they study together.Each week Carl and Ursula study their new vocabulary words by generating another associated word and a short one-sentence memory that involves the word.Last week Carl and Ursula decided to cut down on the amount of preparation that they each did by taking turns generating the cues for the vocabulary words.When Carl used Ursula's notes to study that first week,he did not do well on the exam because:

A study conducted by Chase and Simon demonstrated that experts had superior recall than novices for the placement of chess pieces when the pieces were placed meaningfully on the board.However,this difference disappeared when the pieces were placed randomly.The researchers used the concepts of ____________ to explain these results.

Memory is enhanced by creating a perceptual set or a readiness to perceive,organize,and interpret information in a particular way.This is attributable to ____________.

All of the following were mentioned as ways of measuring explicit memory EXCEPT:

The activation of one concept in an associative network can trigger the activation of another related concept.This is referred to as:

The total amount of information maintained in short-term memory can be functionally increased by grouping individual items into a larger unit of meaning in a process called ___________.

The three broad categories of memory enhancement techniques are:

The results of Hermann Ebbinghaus's research on forgetting revealed that forgetting tended to occur rapidly at first and then slowed down noticeably thereafter.