Question 1

Under which of the following conditions would you expect the LEAST likelihood of social loafing? When:

Accepted Answer

A)  the group is less important to the person 
B)  the task is simple and the person's input is redundant 
C)  there is an all-female group 
D)  the person is fatigued 
A)  the group is less important to the person 
B)  the task is simple and the person's input is redundant 
C)  there is an all-female group 
D)  the person is fatigued

Question 2

Jill blames her brother for imagined wrongs that he has committed against her and views him in such a way that his human characteristics are deemphasized.Both of these factors would best be considered as different types of ________________ that will make it more likely that Jill will _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-justifications;act aggressively 
B)  empathy;act altruistically 
C)  self-serving biases;commit the fundamental attribution error 
D)  stereotypes;have prejudices 
A)  self-justifications;act aggressively 
B)  empathy;act altruistically 
C)  self-serving biases;commit the fundamental attribution error 
D)  stereotypes;have prejudices

Question 3

Self-perception theory appears to offer a better explanation of attitude change than dissonance theory does when the counter-attitudinal behaviour _________ a person's self-worth and when our attitudes are _________ to begin with.

Accepted Answer

A)  threatens;weak or unclear 
B)  does not threaten;weak or unclear 
C)  threatens;strong 
D)  does not threaten;strong 
A)  threatens;weak or unclear 
B)  does not threaten;weak or unclear 
C)  threatens;strong 
D)  does not threaten;strong

Question 4

People with depression are more likely to display which of the following attribution patterns?

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamental attribution error 
B)  opposite to the fundamental attribution error 
C)  opposite to the self-serving bias 
D)  self-serving bias 
A)  fundamental attribution error 
B)  opposite to the fundamental attribution error 
C)  opposite to the self-serving bias 
D)  self-serving bias

Question 5

Which theory predicts that counter-attitudinal behaviours generate physiological arousal?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-perception theory 
B)  cognitive dissonance theory 
C)  self-fulfilling prophecy theory 
D)  Asch conformity theory 
A)  self-perception theory 
B)  cognitive dissonance theory 
C)  self-fulfilling prophecy theory 
D)  Asch conformity theory

Question 6

In friendships,dating relationships,and marriages,greater emotional involvement and relationship satisfaction are associated with more extensive and intimate __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  discussion 
B)  shared activities 
C)  consistency 
D)  self-disclosure 
A)  discussion 
B)  shared activities 
C)  consistency 
D)  self-disclosure

Question 7

Which of the following occurs when people's incorrect expectations are confirmed when they relate to other people in a way that brings about the very behaviours they expect,thereby confirming their original beliefs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social facilitation 
B)  Informational social influence 
C)  Peripheral route persuasion 
D)  Self-fulfilling prophecy 
A)  Social facilitation 
B)  Informational social influence 
C)  Peripheral route persuasion 
D)  Self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 8

A phenomenon known as the _______________ effect refers to how people appear to prefer having a dating partner or spouse who is of ______________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  mere exposure;greater attractiveness than themselves 
B)  "birds of a feather";greater attractiveness than themselves 
C)  matching;similar attractiveness to themselves 
D)  "opposites attract";differing attractiveness to themselves 
A)  mere exposure;greater attractiveness than themselves 
B)  "birds of a feather";greater attractiveness than themselves 
C)  matching;similar attractiveness to themselves 
D)  "opposites attract";differing attractiveness to themselves

Question 9

Social structure theory is to sexual strategies theory as:

Accepted Answer

A)  biological approach is to the behavioural approach. 
B)  the evolutionary approach is to the behavioural approach. 
C)  social learning approach is to the sociocultural approach. 
D)  sociocultural approach is to the evolutionary approach. 
A)  biological approach is to the behavioural approach. 
B)  the evolutionary approach is to the behavioural approach. 
C)  social learning approach is to the sociocultural approach. 
D)  sociocultural approach is to the evolutionary approach.

Question 10

Realistic conflict theory originally assumed that prejudice was primarily caused by ___________,but research indicates that it is most strongly triggered by _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an actual threat to one's personal welfare;a perceived threat to one's in-group 
B)  stereotype threat;an actual threat to one's personal welfare 
C)  a perceived threat to one's in-group;an actual threat to one's personal welfare 
D)  stereotype threat;a perceived threat to one's in-group 
A)  an actual threat to one's personal welfare;a perceived threat to one's in-group 
B)  stereotype threat;an actual threat to one's personal welfare 
C)  a perceived threat to one's in-group;an actual threat to one's personal welfare 
D)  stereotype threat;a perceived threat to one's in-group

Question 11

The text makes an important distinction between ____________,which refers to a negative attitude toward people based on their membership in a group,and ____________,which is concerned with actually treating people unfairly based on their group membership.

Accepted Answer

A)  attribution;stereotype 
B)  stereotype;prejudice 
C)  prejudice;stereotype 
D)  prejudice;discrimination 
A)  attribution;stereotype 
B)  stereotype;prejudice 
C)  prejudice;stereotype 
D)  prejudice;discrimination

Question 12

Solomon Asch demonstrated that a substantial percentage of participants conformed to obviously inaccurate line judgements made by several confederates.Follow-up interviews with the participants revealed that ______________________ responsible for these results.

Accepted Answer

A)  only informational social influence appeared to be 
B)  only normative social influence appeared to be 
C)  neither informational nor normative social influence were 
D)  both informational and normative social influence were 
A)  only informational social influence appeared to be 
B)  only normative social influence appeared to be 
C)  neither informational nor normative social influence were 
D)  both informational and normative social influence were

Question 13

Which factor affects the negative cycle that often develops with regard to the anger in a relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  stonewalling 
B)  cooling 
C)  contemplation 
D)  defensiveness 
A)  stonewalling 
B)  cooling 
C)  contemplation 
D)  defensiveness

Question 14

The term "self-fulfilling prophecy" specifically refers to the instances in which people:

Accepted Answer

A)  act in ways that confirm their beliefs about themselves. 
B)  act toward others in a way that brings about the expected behaviours. 
C)  tend to attribute their successes to personal factors. 
D)  tend to attribute their failures to situational factors. 
A)  act in ways that confirm their beliefs about themselves. 
B)  act toward others in a way that brings about the expected behaviours. 
C)  tend to attribute their successes to personal factors. 
D)  tend to attribute their failures to situational factors.

Question 15

In the Solomon Asch research paradigm,all of the following factors serve to decrease a person's conformity,EXCEPT the:

Accepted Answer

A)  presence of one dissenter. 
B)  group size. 
C)  fact that the person is from an individualistic culture. 
D)  fact that the person is from a collectivistic culture. 
A)  presence of one dissenter. 
B)  group size. 
C)  fact that the person is from an individualistic culture. 
D)  fact that the person is from a collectivistic culture.

Question 16

All of the following are environmental factors that increase the likelihood of aggression,EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  painful stimuli. 
B)  provocation. 
C)  heat. 
D)  negative mood. 
A)  painful stimuli. 
B)  provocation. 
C)  heat. 
D)  negative mood.

Question 17

Cognitive dissonance is more likely to occur when a person feels that her actions are ___________ and when the counter-attitudinal behaviour __________ her sense of self-worth.

Accepted Answer

A)  freely chosen;threatens 
B)  freely chosen;enhance 
C)  coerced;threatens 
D)  coerced;enhances 
A)  freely chosen;threatens 
B)  freely chosen;enhance 
C)  coerced;threatens 
D)  coerced;enhances

Question 18

The way in which the average opinion of groups of like-minded individuals tends to become more extreme when they discuss an issue follows the principle of group _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  deindividuation 
B)  think 
C)  differentiation 
D)  polarization 
A)  deindividuation 
B)  think 
C)  differentiation 
D)  polarization

Question 19

A meta-analysis of 60 different studies examining the possible causal mechanisms of deindividuation revealed that _____________ was the primary factor that disinhibited behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A)  the group size 
B)  the anonymity to outsiders 
C)  the remoteness of the victim 
D)  the legitimacy of the authority figure 
A)  the group size 
B)  the anonymity to outsiders 
C)  the remoteness of the victim 
D)  the legitimacy of the authority figure

Question 20

Your new roommate leaves dirty laundry all over her room and you assume that she must be a slob.You ignore the fact that she is currently taking the finals and working 40 hours per week.You would be making the:

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamental attribution error. 
B)  universality mistake. 
C)  confirmation bias. 
D)  availability heuristic. 
A)  fundamental attribution error. 
B)  universality mistake. 
C)  confirmation bias. 
D)  availability heuristic.

Under which of the following conditions would you expect the LEAST likelihood of social loafing? When:

Jill blames her brother for imagined wrongs that he has committed against her and views him in such a way that his human characteristics are deemphasized.Both of these factors would best be considered as different types of __ that will make it more likely that Jill will _.

Self-perception theory appears to offer a better explanation of attitude change than dissonance theory does when the counter-attitudinal behaviour _ a person's self-worth and when our attitudes are _ to begin with.

People with depression are more likely to display which of the following attribution patterns?

Which theory predicts that counter-attitudinal behaviours generate physiological arousal?

In friendships,dating relationships,and marriages,greater emotional involvement and relationship satisfaction are associated with more extensive and intimate __________.

Which of the following occurs when people's incorrect expectations are confirmed when they relate to other people in a way that brings about the very behaviours they expect,thereby confirming their original beliefs?

A phenomenon known as the _ effect refers to how people appear to prefer having a dating partner or spouse who is of ________.

Social structure theory is to sexual strategies theory as:

Realistic conflict theory originally assumed that prejudice was primarily caused by _,but research indicates that it is most strongly triggered by _______.

The text makes an important distinction between ,which refers to a negative attitude toward people based on their membership in a group,and ,which is concerned with actually treating people unfairly based on their group membership.

Solomon Asch demonstrated that a substantial percentage of participants conformed to obviously inaccurate line judgements made by several confederates.Follow-up interviews with the participants revealed that ______________________ responsible for these results.

Which factor affects the negative cycle that often develops with regard to the anger in a relationship?

The term "self-fulfilling prophecy" specifically refers to the instances in which people:

In the Solomon Asch research paradigm,all of the following factors serve to decrease a person's conformity,EXCEPT the:

All of the following are environmental factors that increase the likelihood of aggression,EXCEPT:

Cognitive dissonance is more likely to occur when a person feels that her actions are _ and when the counter-attitudinal behaviour her sense of self-worth.

The way in which the average opinion of groups of like-minded individuals tends to become more extreme when they discuss an issue follows the principle of group _______________.

A meta-analysis of 60 different studies examining the possible causal mechanisms of deindividuation revealed that _____________ was the primary factor that disinhibited behaviour.

Your new roommate leaves dirty laundry all over her room and you assume that she must be a slob.You ignore the fact that she is currently taking the finals and working 40 hours per week.You would be making the:

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 13: Behaviour in a Social Context

Under which of the following conditions would you expect the LEAST likelihood of social loafing? When:

Self-perception theory appears to offer a better explanation of attitude change than dissonance theory does when the counter-attitudinal behaviour _________ a person's self-worth and when our attitudes are _________ to begin with.

People with depression are more likely to display which of the following attribution patterns?

Which theory predicts that counter-attitudinal behaviours generate physiological arousal?

In friendships,dating relationships,and marriages,greater emotional involvement and relationship satisfaction are associated with more extensive and intimate __________.

Which of the following occurs when people's incorrect expectations are confirmed when they relate to other people in a way that brings about the very behaviours they expect,thereby confirming their original beliefs?

A phenomenon known as the _______________ effect refers to how people appear to prefer having a dating partner or spouse who is of ______________________.

Social structure theory is to sexual strategies theory as:

Realistic conflict theory originally assumed that prejudice was primarily caused by ___________,but research indicates that it is most strongly triggered by _________________.

The text makes an important distinction between ____________,which refers to a negative attitude toward people based on their membership in a group,and ____________,which is concerned with actually treating people unfairly based on their group membership.

Solomon Asch demonstrated that a substantial percentage of participants conformed to obviously inaccurate line judgements made by several confederates.Follow-up interviews with the participants revealed that ______________________ responsible for these results.

Which factor affects the negative cycle that often develops with regard to the anger in a relationship?

The term "self-fulfilling prophecy" specifically refers to the instances in which people:

In the Solomon Asch research paradigm,all of the following factors serve to decrease a person's conformity,EXCEPT the:

All of the following are environmental factors that increase the likelihood of aggression,EXCEPT:

Cognitive dissonance is more likely to occur when a person feels that her actions are ___________ and when the counter-attitudinal behaviour __________ her sense of self-worth.

The way in which the average opinion of groups of like-minded individuals tends to become more extreme when they discuss an issue follows the principle of group _______________.

A meta-analysis of 60 different studies examining the possible causal mechanisms of deindividuation revealed that _____________ was the primary factor that disinhibited behaviour.

Your new roommate leaves dirty laundry all over her room and you assume that she must be a slob.You ignore the fact that she is currently taking the finals and working 40 hours per week.You would be making the:

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Self-perception theory appears to offer a better explanation of attitude change than dissonance theory does when the counter-attitudinal behaviour _ a person's self-worth and when our attitudes are _ to begin with.

A phenomenon known as the _ effect refers to how people appear to prefer having a dating partner or spouse who is of ________.

Realistic conflict theory originally assumed that prejudice was primarily caused by _,but research indicates that it is most strongly triggered by _______.

The text makes an important distinction between ,which refers to a negative attitude toward people based on their membership in a group,and ,which is concerned with actually treating people unfairly based on their group membership.

Cognitive dissonance is more likely to occur when a person feels that her actions are _ and when the counter-attitudinal behaviour her sense of self-worth.