Question 1

Marital researcher John Gottman found which of the following as a key factor in managing a conflict in a relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  The husband responded to the issues in a concerned and respectful manner that de-escalated negative emotion. 
B)  The husband responded in a firm and loud voice to make sure his concerns were not left out. 
C)  Both husband and wife expressed their feelings of unfairness and negative emotions. 
D)  The wife responded with withdrawal and silence,known as stonewalling. 
A)  The husband responded to the issues in a concerned and respectful manner that de-escalated negative emotion. 
B)  The husband responded in a firm and loud voice to make sure his concerns were not left out. 
C)  Both husband and wife expressed their feelings of unfairness and negative emotions. 
D)  The wife responded with withdrawal and silence,known as stonewalling.

Question 2

The mere presence of other people _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  improves performance 
B)  harms performance 
C)  increases arousal 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  improves performance 
B)  harms performance 
C)  increases arousal 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 3

Having an authority figure who is physically close and who is perceived as legitimate are factors that are both most strongly associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  obedience. 
B)  conformity. 
C)  minority influence. 
D)  social facilitation. 
A)  obedience. 
B)  conformity. 
C)  minority influence. 
D)  social facilitation.

Question 4

What are the two main types of attributions people make for behaviours?

Accepted Answer

A)  collectivistic and individualistic 
B)  logical and illogical 
C)  upward and downward 
D)  personal and situational 
A)  collectivistic and individualistic 
B)  logical and illogical 
C)  upward and downward 
D)  personal and situational

Question 5

In both humans and animals,it appears that low levels of the neurotransmitter ___________ may play a role in the acts of impulsive aggression.

Accepted Answer

A)  norepinephrine 
B)  serotonin 
C)  dopamine 
D)  GABA 
A)  norepinephrine 
B)  serotonin 
C)  dopamine 
D)  GABA

Question 6

Having low self-efficacy during which of the following stages of the bystander intervention process would be most likely to inhibit helping behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  noticing an event 
B)  assuming responsibility for helping 
C)  knowing how to help 
D)  interpreting an event as an emergency 
A)  noticing an event 
B)  assuming responsibility for helping 
C)  knowing how to help 
D)  interpreting an event as an emergency

Question 7

You are watching golf and see Tiger Woods scowl.You would be making the fundamental attribution error if you assumed that he:

Accepted Answer

A)  has a volatile personality. 
B)  just missed a putt. 
C)  was thrown off by the flash of camera. 
D)  has a blister from new shoes. 
A)  has a volatile personality. 
B)  just missed a putt. 
C)  was thrown off by the flash of camera. 
D)  has a blister from new shoes.

Question 8

Bem's (1972)self-perception theory places an emphasis on:

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  evaluative dissonance. 
C)  observing our own behaviour. 
D)  attitudes predicting behaviour. 
A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  evaluative dissonance. 
C)  observing our own behaviour. 
D)  attitudes predicting behaviour.

Question 9

You are trying to reduce gender prejudice at your college.Which of the following strategies would be expected to be most effective? Having:

Accepted Answer

A)  same-sex classes and dormitories 
B)  men and women work together on a charity project 
C)  male senior tutors and female freshmen 
D)  a "men versus women" grade competition 
A)  same-sex classes and dormitories 
B)  men and women work together on a charity project 
C)  male senior tutors and female freshmen 
D)  a "men versus women" grade competition

Question 10

Both low serotonin and low testosterone are associated with higher levels of aggression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

All of the following were mentioned as factors that increase the influence of a minority opinion,EXCEPT when the person with the minority opinion:

Accepted Answer

A)  is consistent over time. 
B)  is attractive. 
C)  remains independent in the face of majority pressure. 
D)  appears to keep an open mind. 
A)  is consistent over time. 
B)  is attractive. 
C)  remains independent in the face of majority pressure. 
D)  appears to keep an open mind.

Question 12

The best known approach to reducing prejudice is based on a principle called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  mere exposure effect. 
B)  in-group favouritism. 
C)  equal status contact. 
D)  social penetration effect. 
A)  mere exposure effect. 
B)  in-group favouritism. 
C)  equal status contact. 
D)  social penetration effect.

Question 13

The self-serving bias is to _______________ as the fundamental attribution error is to ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  others' behaviour;one's own behaviour 
B)  one's own behaviour;others' behaviour 
C)  primary;secondary 
D)  secondary;primary 
A)  others' behaviour;one's own behaviour 
B)  one's own behaviour;others' behaviour 
C)  primary;secondary 
D)  secondary;primary

Question 14

The negative state relief model states that:

Accepted Answer

A)  low empathy causes us to feel distress when we learn of others' suffering,so by helping them we reduce our own personal distress. 
B)  high empathy causes us to feel distress when we learn of others' suffering,so by helping them we reduce our own personal distress. 
C)  only empathy leads to true altruism. 
D)  we are altruistically motivated to help others feel better. 
A)  low empathy causes us to feel distress when we learn of others' suffering,so by helping them we reduce our own personal distress. 
B)  high empathy causes us to feel distress when we learn of others' suffering,so by helping them we reduce our own personal distress. 
C)  only empathy leads to true altruism. 
D)  we are altruistically motivated to help others feel better.

Question 15

Which of the following were NOT mentioned in the text as related to people's initial impressions of others?

Accepted Answer

A)  facial attractiveness 
B)  body build 
C)  ethnicity 
D)  marital status 
A)  facial attractiveness 
B)  body build 
C)  ethnicity 
D)  marital status

Question 16

Suppose that someone has just opened a new restaurant near your school and you have been convinced to walk around for 3 hours on a very hot day carrying a big,obnoxious,heavy sign advertising this restaurant.According to ______________,you would probably rate this activity as the most enjoyable (or the least boring)if someone paid you _____ to do it.

Accepted Answer

A)  the cognitive dissonance theory;$1 
B)  the self-fulfilling prophecy;$100 
C)  the self-fulfilling prophecy;$1 
D)  the cognitive dissonance theory;$100 
A)  the cognitive dissonance theory;$1 
B)  the self-fulfilling prophecy;$100 
C)  the self-fulfilling prophecy;$1 
D)  the cognitive dissonance theory;$100

Question 17

Recent research on the "shooter bias" has demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the shooter bias can be significantly reduced through practice on a video game simulation. 
B)  black police officers are more likely to shoot an unarmed white suspect than an unarmed black suspect. 
C)  police officers are more likely to shoot an unarmed suspect if the suspect is from the same race as the police officer. 
D)  all attempts to reduce a shooter bias in police officers have been unsuccessful. 
A)  the shooter bias can be significantly reduced through practice on a video game simulation. 
B)  black police officers are more likely to shoot an unarmed white suspect than an unarmed black suspect. 
C)  police officers are more likely to shoot an unarmed suspect if the suspect is from the same race as the police officer. 
D)  all attempts to reduce a shooter bias in police officers have been unsuccessful.

Question 18

Repeated exposure to a stimulus tends to increase people's liking for it,according to a phenomenon called ________________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the mere exposure effect 
B)  redundant attraction 
C)  the proximity effect 
D)  repetitive affiliation 
A)  the mere exposure effect 
B)  redundant attraction 
C)  the proximity effect 
D)  repetitive affiliation

Question 19

In many animal species,higher levels of ___________ usually increase the likelihood of ____________,which consists of unprovoked aggressive acts that are designed to establish a dominance hierarchy among members of a particular species.

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin;social aggression 
B)  serotonin;impulsive aggression 
C)  testosterone;social aggression 
D)  testosterone;impulsive aggression 
A)  serotonin;social aggression 
B)  serotonin;impulsive aggression 
C)  testosterone;social aggression 
D)  testosterone;impulsive aggression

Question 20

Which of the following best represents the peripheral route of persuasion? A person is persuaded because:

Accepted Answer

A)  of non-message factors such as communicator's attractiveness. 
B)  she has thought carefully about a message. 
C)  she finds a message to be logically sound and compelling. 
D)  a message evokes a moderate amount of fear and is moderately discrepant. 
A)  of non-message factors such as communicator's attractiveness. 
B)  she has thought carefully about a message. 
C)  she finds a message to be logically sound and compelling. 
D)  a message evokes a moderate amount of fear and is moderately discrepant.

Marital researcher John Gottman found which of the following as a key factor in managing a conflict in a relationship?

The mere presence of other people _________________.

Having an authority figure who is physically close and who is perceived as legitimate are factors that are both most strongly associated with:

What are the two main types of attributions people make for behaviours?

In both humans and animals,it appears that low levels of the neurotransmitter ___________ may play a role in the acts of impulsive aggression.

Having low self-efficacy during which of the following stages of the bystander intervention process would be most likely to inhibit helping behaviour?

You are watching golf and see Tiger Woods scowl.You would be making the fundamental attribution error if you assumed that he:

Bem's (1972)self-perception theory places an emphasis on:

You are trying to reduce gender prejudice at your college.Which of the following strategies would be expected to be most effective? Having:

Both low serotonin and low testosterone are associated with higher levels of aggression.

All of the following were mentioned as factors that increase the influence of a minority opinion,EXCEPT when the person with the minority opinion:

The best known approach to reducing prejudice is based on a principle called the:

The self-serving bias is to _ as the fundamental attribution error is to .

The negative state relief model states that:

Which of the following were NOT mentioned in the text as related to people's initial impressions of others?

Recent research on the "shooter bias" has demonstrated that:

Repeated exposure to a stimulus tends to increase people's liking for it,according to a phenomenon called ________________________.

In many animal species,higher levels of _ usually increase the likelihood of __,which consists of unprovoked aggressive acts that are designed to establish a dominance hierarchy among members of a particular species.

Which of the following best represents the peripheral route of persuasion? A person is persuaded because:

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 13: Behaviour in a Social Context

Marital researcher John Gottman found which of the following as a key factor in managing a conflict in a relationship?

The mere presence of other people _________________.

Having an authority figure who is physically close and who is perceived as legitimate are factors that are both most strongly associated with:

What are the two main types of attributions people make for behaviours?

In both humans and animals,it appears that low levels of the neurotransmitter ___________ may play a role in the acts of impulsive aggression.

Having low self-efficacy during which of the following stages of the bystander intervention process would be most likely to inhibit helping behaviour?

You are watching golf and see Tiger Woods scowl.You would be making the fundamental attribution error if you assumed that he:

Bem's (1972)self-perception theory places an emphasis on:

You are trying to reduce gender prejudice at your college.Which of the following strategies would be expected to be most effective? Having:

Both low serotonin and low testosterone are associated with higher levels of aggression.

All of the following were mentioned as factors that increase the influence of a minority opinion,EXCEPT when the person with the minority opinion:

The best known approach to reducing prejudice is based on a principle called the:

The self-serving bias is to _______________ as the fundamental attribution error is to ______________.

The negative state relief model states that:

Which of the following were NOT mentioned in the text as related to people's initial impressions of others?

Recent research on the "shooter bias" has demonstrated that:

Repeated exposure to a stimulus tends to increase people's liking for it,according to a phenomenon called ________________________.

In many animal species,higher levels of ___________ usually increase the likelihood of ____________,which consists of unprovoked aggressive acts that are designed to establish a dominance hierarchy among members of a particular species.

Which of the following best represents the peripheral route of persuasion? A person is persuaded because:

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

The self-serving bias is to _ as the fundamental attribution error is to .

In many animal species,higher levels of _ usually increase the likelihood of __,which consists of unprovoked aggressive acts that are designed to establish a dominance hierarchy among members of a particular species.