Question 1

Gametes differ from other cells in the body because gametes

Accepted Answer

A)  are only inherited from the mother. 
B)  do not carry a gene to determine gender. 
C)  have three copies of every gene. 
D)  live forever. 
E)  are haploid. 
A)  are only inherited from the mother. 
B)  do not carry a gene to determine gender. 
C)  have three copies of every gene. 
D)  live forever. 
E)  are haploid.

Question 2

An organism's _________ determines its __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  phenotype;holotype 
B)  genotype;holotype 
C)  karyotype;genotype 
D)  genotype;phenotype 
E)  genotype;karyotype 
A)  phenotype;holotype 
B)  genotype;holotype 
C)  karyotype;genotype 
D)  genotype;phenotype 
E)  genotype;karyotype

Question 3

In human gametes,how many possible allele combinations exist?

Accepted Answer

A)  2323 
B)  462 
C)  232 
D)  4623 
E)  223 
A)  2323 
B)  462 
C)  232 
D)  4623 
E)  223

Question 4

Assume that Emily (who has CF,a recessive disease (aa))decides to have children with a man who does not have CF and who has no family history of CF.What combination of gametes can each of them produce,and what is the probability that they will have a child who is a carrier for CF?

Accepted Answer

A)  Emily: aa,man: Aa;100% probability 
B)  Emily: Aa,man: AA;50% probability 
C)  Emily: aa,man: AA;100% probability 
D)  Emily: aa,man: AA;50% probability 
E)  Emily: Aa,man: Aa;100% probability 
A)  Emily: aa,man: Aa;100% probability 
B)  Emily: Aa,man: AA;50% probability 
C)  Emily: aa,man: AA;100% probability 
D)  Emily: aa,man: AA;50% probability 
E)  Emily: Aa,man: Aa;100% probability

Question 5

All of the following are true of alleles,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  they vary in nucleotide sequence. 
B)  when alleles of a gene differ,the organism is said to be homozygous. 
C)  for some diseases,if a person has only one disease allele,they may be healthy. 
D)  there may be many different alleles in the population. 
E)  pairs of alleles reside on homologous chromosomes. 
A)  they vary in nucleotide sequence. 
B)  when alleles of a gene differ,the organism is said to be homozygous. 
C)  for some diseases,if a person has only one disease allele,they may be healthy. 
D)  there may be many different alleles in the population. 
E)  pairs of alleles reside on homologous chromosomes.

Question 6

A mutation in a DNA coding region of a protein can cause

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in primary structure of the protein. 
B)  a change in secondary structure of the protein. 
C)  a change in tertiary structure of the protein. 
D)  a change in quaternary structure of the protein. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  a change in primary structure of the protein. 
B)  a change in secondary structure of the protein. 
C)  a change in tertiary structure of the protein. 
D)  a change in quaternary structure of the protein. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 7

Meiosis differs from mitosis in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  way in which sister chromatids separate 
B)  number of cells produced immediately after the starting cells divide 
C)  number of chromosomes in the starting cells 
D)  number of sister chromatids in the starting cells 
E)  number of chromosomes in each ending cell 
A)  way in which sister chromatids separate 
B)  number of cells produced immediately after the starting cells divide 
C)  number of chromosomes in the starting cells 
D)  number of sister chromatids in the starting cells 
E)  number of chromosomes in each ending cell

Question 8

Humans have

Accepted Answer

A)  23 pairs of chromosomes,which include the sex chromosomes. 
B)  46 pairs of chromosomes,which include the sex chromosomes. 
C)  23 pairs of chromosomes,plus the sex chromosomes. 
D)  46 pairs of chromosomes,plus the sex chromosomes. 
E)  23 chromosomes. 
A)  23 pairs of chromosomes,which include the sex chromosomes. 
B)  46 pairs of chromosomes,which include the sex chromosomes. 
C)  23 pairs of chromosomes,plus the sex chromosomes. 
D)  46 pairs of chromosomes,plus the sex chromosomes. 
E)  23 chromosomes.

Question 9

Which statement is true of a single human liver cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are 46 chromosomes present. 
B)  There are two alleles for each gene. 
C)  There is one allele on each chromosome. 
D)  The number of chromosomes in this liver cell is referred to as diploid. 
E)  all of these 
A)  There are 46 chromosomes present. 
B)  There are two alleles for each gene. 
C)  There is one allele on each chromosome. 
D)  The number of chromosomes in this liver cell is referred to as diploid. 
E)  all of these

Question 10

One parent has one copy of a dominant allele for gene 87 and one recessive allele for Gene 87.The other parent has two copies of the recessive allele for Gene 87.What is the chance that their children will inherit the dominant condition (two copies of Gene 87)? You may need to draw a Punnett square to figure this out.

Accepted Answer

A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100% 
A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100%

Question 11

If someone is said to be "heterozygous" for a trait,it means that

Accepted Answer

A)  both alleles for that trait are the same. 
B)  both alleles for that trait are different. 
C)  the alleles for that trait reside at different places on the same chromosome. 
D)  the alleles for that trait reside on different chromosomes. 
E)  the person only carries one,not two,alleles. 
A)  both alleles for that trait are the same. 
B)  both alleles for that trait are different. 
C)  the alleles for that trait reside at different places on the same chromosome. 
D)  the alleles for that trait reside on different chromosomes. 
E)  the person only carries one,not two,alleles.

Question 12

A human female has how many pairs of homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  46 
B)  44 
C)  22 
D)  23 
E)  48 
A)  46 
B)  44 
C)  22 
D)  23 
E)  48

Question 13

In the case of the Schallers,why doesn't their genotype correlate with their phenotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  Although each carries a copy of a mutated CF gene,they also express a normal copy of the CF gene that renders them phenotypically normal. 
B)  The Schallers have only normal,nonmutated copies of the CF gene. 
C)  The Schallers inherited one mutated and one normal CF gene. 
D)  None of the above. 
E)  A and C. 
A)  Although each carries a copy of a mutated CF gene,they also express a normal copy of the CF gene that renders them phenotypically normal. 
B)  The Schallers have only normal,nonmutated copies of the CF gene. 
C)  The Schallers inherited one mutated and one normal CF gene. 
D)  None of the above. 
E)  A and C.

Question 14

Women can inherit alleles of a gene called BRCA1 that puts them at higher risk for breast cancer.The alleles associated with elevated cancer risk are dominant.Of the genotypes listed below,which carries the lowest genetic risk of developing breast cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  BB 
B)  Bb 
C)  bb 
D)  Bb and bb 
E)  All of these genotypes carry equal risk. 
A)  BB 
B)  Bb 
C)  bb 
D)  Bb and bb 
E)  All of these genotypes carry equal risk.

Question 15

Use the following information for this question:
Phenylketonuria is considered to be an inborn error of metabolism.It is a recessive genetic condition in which the enzyme that breaks down the amino acid phenylalanine is defective or missing.Testing of all newborns allows this condition to be detected at birth.A special diet that severely minimizes phenylalanine (e.g. ,by avoiding diet sodas and most usual sources of protein)can treat the condition.
In this scenario,two carriers of both cystic fibrosis and phenylketonuria have a child.
What is the probability that the child will have both cystic fibrosis and phenylketonuria?

Accepted Answer

A)  6.25% 
B)  12.5% 
C)  18.75% 
D)  56.25% 
E)  0% 
A)  6.25% 
B)  12.5% 
C)  18.75% 
D)  56.25% 
E)  0%

Question 16

Sister chromatids are separated during

Accepted Answer

A)  meiosis II. 
B)  meiosis I. 
C)  mitosis I. 
D)  mitosis II. 
E)  meiosis I and II. 
A)  meiosis II. 
B)  meiosis I. 
C)  mitosis I. 
D)  mitosis II. 
E)  meiosis I and II.

Question 17

What is the possible outcome of a mutation in terms of protein function?

Accepted Answer

A)  It's beneficial. 
B)  It's detrimental. 
C)  It has no effect. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  It's beneficial. 
B)  It's detrimental. 
C)  It has no effect. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 18

Why is it possible for two healthy parents to give birth to a child with a genetic defect such as cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  CF is normally caused by a mutation that occurs only in the sperm and eggs of the parents,so their bodies are not affected. 
B)  CF is normally caused by a mutation that occurs in the fetus during pregnancy,and it does not affect the mother. 
C)  CF is only evident in individuals with two mutant alleles;a healthy parent could carry both a defective allele and a normal allele. 
D)  CF is not passed to children from their parents;it comes from their grandparents. 
E)  CF is caused by the inheritance of too many "normal" genes;the parents would be unaffected. 
A)  CF is normally caused by a mutation that occurs only in the sperm and eggs of the parents,so their bodies are not affected. 
B)  CF is normally caused by a mutation that occurs in the fetus during pregnancy,and it does not affect the mother. 
C)  CF is only evident in individuals with two mutant alleles;a healthy parent could carry both a defective allele and a normal allele. 
D)  CF is not passed to children from their parents;it comes from their grandparents. 
E)  CF is caused by the inheritance of too many "normal" genes;the parents would be unaffected.

Question 19

In humans,a homologous chromosome pair consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  one chromosome from mom and one from dad. 
B)  two chromosomes from mom and two from dad. 
C)  one chromosome from mom and two from dad. 
D)  22 chromosomes from mom and 22 from dad. 
E)  23 chromosomes from mom and 23 from dad. 
A)  one chromosome from mom and one from dad. 
B)  two chromosomes from mom and two from dad. 
C)  one chromosome from mom and two from dad. 
D)  22 chromosomes from mom and 22 from dad. 
E)  23 chromosomes from mom and 23 from dad.

Question 20

A woman is heterozygous for the CF-associated gene (the alleles are represented here by the letters A and a.Assuming that meiosis occurs normally,which answer choice represents eggs that she can produce?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  a 
C)  Aa 
D)  A or a 
E)  AA 
A)  A 
B)  a 
C)  Aa 
D)  A or a 
E)  AA

Exam 11: Simple Inheritance and Meiosis

Gametes differ from other cells in the body because gametes

An organism's _________ determines its __________.

In human gametes,how many possible allele combinations exist?

Assume that Emily (who has CF,a recessive disease (aa))decides to have children with a man who does not have CF and who has no family history of CF.What combination of gametes can each of them produce,and what is the probability that they will have a child who is a carrier for CF?

All of the following are true of alleles,EXCEPT

A mutation in a DNA coding region of a protein can cause

Meiosis differs from mitosis in the _____.

Humans have

Which statement is true of a single human liver cell?

If someone is said to be "heterozygous" for a trait,it means that

A human female has how many pairs of homologous chromosomes?

In the case of the Schallers,why doesn't their genotype correlate with their phenotype?

Women can inherit alleles of a gene called BRCA1 that puts them at higher risk for breast cancer.The alleles associated with elevated cancer risk are dominant.Of the genotypes listed below,which carries the lowest genetic risk of developing breast cancer?

Sister chromatids are separated during

What is the possible outcome of a mutation in terms of protein function?

Why is it possible for two healthy parents to give birth to a child with a genetic defect such as cystic fibrosis?

In humans,a homologous chromosome pair consists of

A woman is heterozygous for the CF-associated gene (the alleles are represented here by the letters A and a.Assuming that meiosis occurs normally,which answer choice represents eggs that she can produce?

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