Question 1

What are homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  paired chromosomes that are inherited from either mother or father 
B)  two copies of each chromosome within a cell that are inherited from both mother and father 
C)  two chromosomes located within a haploid cell 
D)  two copies of identical chromosomes within a diploid cell 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  paired chromosomes that are inherited from either mother or father 
B)  two copies of each chromosome within a cell that are inherited from both mother and father 
C)  two chromosomes located within a haploid cell 
D)  two copies of identical chromosomes within a diploid cell 
E)  None of the above.

Question 2

In a cross between an individual with Huntington disease and an unaffected individual,what are the chances their progeny will have the disease,considering that it is a dominant trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  50% 
B)  75% 
C)  100% 
D)  25% 
E)  0% 
A)  50% 
B)  75% 
C)  100% 
D)  25% 
E)  0%

Question 3

Besides recombination,what other event in meiosis increases the genetic diversity of the gametes?

Accepted Answer

A)  the way in which chromosomes are replicated in meiosis II 
B)  the random line-up and separation of maternal and paternal chromosomes 
C)  the random exchange of DNA segments between paternal chromosomes 
D)  the random exchange of DNA segments between maternal chromosomes 
E)  the random way in which gametes fuse together to make uniquely different sperm and eggs 
A)  the way in which chromosomes are replicated in meiosis II 
B)  the random line-up and separation of maternal and paternal chromosomes 
C)  the random exchange of DNA segments between paternal chromosomes 
D)  the random exchange of DNA segments between maternal chromosomes 
E)  the random way in which gametes fuse together to make uniquely different sperm and eggs

Question 4

Sister chromatids are held together at the

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetochore. 
B)  centrioles. 
C)  chromosome. 
D)  centromere. 
E)  centrosome. 
A)  kinetochore. 
B)  centrioles. 
C)  chromosome. 
D)  centromere. 
E)  centrosome.

Question 5

Meiosis differs from mitosis in all of the following ways,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  in meiosis there are two cell divisions;in mitosis there is only one. 
B)  meiosis only occurs in ovaries and testes. 
C)  meiosis results in haploid cells whereas mitosis results in diploid cells. 
D)  mitosis results in four cells whereas meiosis results in two. 
E)  meiosis results in genetically unique daughter cells whereas mitosis results in genetically identical daughter cells. 
A)  in meiosis there are two cell divisions;in mitosis there is only one. 
B)  meiosis only occurs in ovaries and testes. 
C)  meiosis results in haploid cells whereas mitosis results in diploid cells. 
D)  mitosis results in four cells whereas meiosis results in two. 
E)  meiosis results in genetically unique daughter cells whereas mitosis results in genetically identical daughter cells.

Question 6

A phenotypically normal woman marries a man with CMT disease,an autosomal dominant disorder.They have a son who has CMT disease.What were the chances he would get the disease? (Draw a Punnett square to help you determine the answer. )

Accepted Answer

A)  1:4 chance 
B)  2:4 chance 
C)  3:4 chance 
D)  4:4 chance 
E)  less than 1:4 chance 
A)  1:4 chance 
B)  2:4 chance 
C)  3:4 chance 
D)  4:4 chance 
E)  less than 1:4 chance

Question 7

The primary medical problem with cystic fibrosis is that

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium enters lung cells. 
B)  mucus accumulates outside of lung cells. 
C)  mucus accumulates outside of lung cells and also blocks other organ function. 
D)  chloride is trapped in lung cells. 
E)  the disease is a recessive condition. 
A)  sodium enters lung cells. 
B)  mucus accumulates outside of lung cells. 
C)  mucus accumulates outside of lung cells and also blocks other organ function. 
D)  chloride is trapped in lung cells. 
E)  the disease is a recessive condition.

Question 8

A phenotypically normal woman marries a man with CMT disease,an autosomal dominant disorder.They have a son who has CMT disease.How did the son get it?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mother had at least one dominant allele,which she passed on to her son. 
B)  The father had at least one dominant allele,which he passed on to his son. 
C)  The mother had one recessive and one dominant allele,one of which she passed on to her son. 
D)  The father had two recessive alleles,one of which he passed on to his son. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  The mother had at least one dominant allele,which she passed on to her son. 
B)  The father had at least one dominant allele,which he passed on to his son. 
C)  The mother had one recessive and one dominant allele,one of which she passed on to her son. 
D)  The father had two recessive alleles,one of which he passed on to his son. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 9

During meiosis,

Accepted Answer

A)  cells do not divide. 
B)  cells divide once. 
C)  cells divide twice. 
D)  cells double in size but do not divide. 
E)  cells do not divide but lose half their chromosomes. 
A)  cells do not divide. 
B)  cells divide once. 
C)  cells divide twice. 
D)  cells double in size but do not divide. 
E)  cells do not divide but lose half their chromosomes.

Question 10

A phenotypically normal woman marries a man with Wilson disease,an autosomal recessive disorder.They have a son who has Wilson disease.If you need two copies of the recessive allele to be affected and the mother doesn't have the disease,how did the son get it?

Accepted Answer

A)  The woman had two recessive alleles. 
B)  The woman must have been a carrier of one recessive allele and one normal allele. 
C)  The woman had two dominant alleles. 
D)  The man had two dominant alleles. 
E)  The man had one dominant and one recessive allele. 
A)  The woman had two recessive alleles. 
B)  The woman must have been a carrier of one recessive allele and one normal allele. 
C)  The woman had two dominant alleles. 
D)  The man had two dominant alleles. 
E)  The man had one dominant and one recessive allele.

Question 11

A disease caused by gene X is an autosomal recessive disease but is modified by expression of a gene on another chromosome gene Y.If gene Y has at least one dominant allele,then the disease is aggressive and becomes evident at age 2.If gene Y has two recessive alleles,then the disease is mild and dormant until the age of 50.Two people who are heterozygous for both gene X and Y have a child.What are the chances the child will have the aggressive form of the disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  9:16 chance 
B)  4:16 chance 
C)  3:16 chance 
D)  1:16 chance 
E)  16:16 chance 
A)  9:16 chance 
B)  4:16 chance 
C)  3:16 chance 
D)  1:16 chance 
E)  16:16 chance

Question 12

How many chromosomes do human sperm and egg cells have?

Accepted Answer

A)  22 
B)  23 
C)  46 
D)  48 
E)  24 
A)  22 
B)  23 
C)  46 
D)  48 
E)  24

Question 13

One parent has one copy of a dominant allele for Gene 87 and one recessive allele for Gene 87.The other parent has two copies of the dominant allele for Gene 87.What is the chance that their children will inherit the recessive condition (two copies of Gene 87)? You may need to draw a Punnett square to figure this out.

Accepted Answer

A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100% 
A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100%

Question 14

Protein X is normally used to transport sugar into cells,so the cell can break down the sugar and use it for energy.If protein X is not folded properly,what might happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell would be unaffected.There are a lot of proteins;just one bad one is probably not that important. 
B)  The cell would have an impaired ability to generate energy. 
C)  The cell would make more of other proteins to make up for the misfolded protein. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  The cell would be unaffected.There are a lot of proteins;just one bad one is probably not that important. 
B)  The cell would have an impaired ability to generate energy. 
C)  The cell would make more of other proteins to make up for the misfolded protein. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Males get all of their chromosomes from their fathers. 
B)  Females get all of their chromosomes from their mothers. 
C)  Females get half of their chromosomes from each parent. 
D)  Females get 75% of their chromosomes from their mothers. 
E)  Males get 75% of their chromosomes from their fathers. 
A)  Males get all of their chromosomes from their fathers. 
B)  Females get all of their chromosomes from their mothers. 
C)  Females get half of their chromosomes from each parent. 
D)  Females get 75% of their chromosomes from their mothers. 
E)  Males get 75% of their chromosomes from their fathers.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE of crossing over?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sister chromatids exchange genetic material. 
B)  Crossing over occurs during meiosis II. 
C)  Crossing over occurs immediately after an egg is fertilized. 
D)  Crossing over results in unique combinations of alleles. 
E)  Crossing over occurs in mitosis and meiosis. 
A)  Sister chromatids exchange genetic material. 
B)  Crossing over occurs during meiosis II. 
C)  Crossing over occurs immediately after an egg is fertilized. 
D)  Crossing over results in unique combinations of alleles. 
E)  Crossing over occurs in mitosis and meiosis.

Question 17

All of the following are true of crossing over,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. 
B)  crossing over occurs during meiosis I. 
C)  crossing over occurs immediately after an egg is fertilized. 
D)  crossing over results in unique combinations of alleles. 
E)  crossing over occurs only in cells destined to become sperm or egg. 
A)  homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. 
B)  crossing over occurs during meiosis I. 
C)  crossing over occurs immediately after an egg is fertilized. 
D)  crossing over results in unique combinations of alleles. 
E)  crossing over occurs only in cells destined to become sperm or egg.

Question 18

Which represents a cross between 2 individuals heterozygous for a single trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  aa $\rightarrow$ aa 
B)  aa $\rightarrow$ AA 
C)  AA $\rightarrow$ aa 
D)  Aa $\rightarrow$ AA 
E)  Aa $\rightarrow$ Aa 
A)  aa $\rightarrow$ aa 
B)  aa $\rightarrow$ AA 
C)  AA $\rightarrow$ aa 
D)  Aa $\rightarrow$ AA 
E)  Aa $\rightarrow$ Aa

Question 19

Which describes a genotype heterozygous for a single trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  AaBb 
B)  AABB 
C)  AA 
D)  Aa 
E)  aa 
A)  AaBb 
B)  AABB 
C)  AA 
D)  Aa 
E)  aa

Question 20

A mutation in DNA can

Accepted Answer

A)  lead to a change in protein shape. 
B)  lead to a change in protein function. 
C)  lead to a shorter protein. 
D)  lead to a protein that is missing critical amino acids. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  lead to a change in protein shape. 
B)  lead to a change in protein function. 
C)  lead to a shorter protein. 
D)  lead to a protein that is missing critical amino acids. 
E)  All of the above.

Exam 11: Simple Inheritance and Meiosis

What are homologous chromosomes?

In a cross between an individual with Huntington disease and an unaffected individual,what are the chances their progeny will have the disease,considering that it is a dominant trait?

Besides recombination,what other event in meiosis increases the genetic diversity of the gametes?

Sister chromatids are held together at the

Meiosis differs from mitosis in all of the following ways,EXCEPT

A phenotypically normal woman marries a man with CMT disease,an autosomal dominant disorder.They have a son who has CMT disease.What were the chances he would get the disease? (Draw a Punnett square to help you determine the answer. )

The primary medical problem with cystic fibrosis is that

A phenotypically normal woman marries a man with CMT disease,an autosomal dominant disorder.They have a son who has CMT disease.How did the son get it?

During meiosis,

A phenotypically normal woman marries a man with Wilson disease,an autosomal recessive disorder.They have a son who has Wilson disease.If you need two copies of the recessive allele to be affected and the mother doesn't have the disease,how did the son get it?

How many chromosomes do human sperm and egg cells have?

Protein X is normally used to transport sugar into cells,so the cell can break down the sugar and use it for energy.If protein X is not folded properly,what might happen to the cell?

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Which of the following is TRUE of crossing over?

All of the following are true of crossing over,EXCEPT

Which represents a cross between 2 individuals heterozygous for a single trait?

Which describes a genotype heterozygous for a single trait?

A mutation in DNA can

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