Exam 23: Conservation Genetics

Briefly describe the difference between ex situ conservation and in situ conservation.

Restriction enzyme polymorphisms allow DNA profiling through the use of electrophoresis.

DNA profiles can be used to detect and quantify genetic differences between individuals.

Briefly describe the common negative aspect of inbreeding depression.

Population fragmentation results from conditions that reduce habitats and trap individual populations in undeveloped land surrounded by areas of developed land.

When the number of breeding individuals is small,there is a high likelihood of genetic drift.One likely result is ________.

The founder effect generally results in an increase in heterozygosity.

Intrapopulation genetic diversity increases under prolonged conditions of population fragmentation.

At which levels do most scientists examine genetic diversity?

Interspecific diversity refers to diversity ________.

Predominantly inbreeding species,such as those that self-fertilize,tend to have greater levels of ________ than ________ diversity.

What is meant by the absolute population size (N)?

Inbreeding usually increases the heterozygosity of specific genes in a population.

Describe a potential problem associated with population augmentation.

The loss of previously existing genetic diversity from a population or a species is referred to as ________.

After a population or species experiences a bottleneck,what might be expected in terms of biodiversity in the survivors?

The number of deleterious alleles present in the gene pool of a population is referred to as the ________.

The gradual exchange of alleles between two populations brought about by the dispersal of gametes or the migration of individuals is called ________.

The genetic variation represented by plants and animals is known as ________.

The shrinking of available habitat reduces populations of wild species and often also isolates them from one another.Individual populations become trapped in pockets of undeveloped land surrounded by areas of agriculture.This process is called ________.