Question 1

Which choice is an example of "recombinant DNA"?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA that has been amplified by PCR 
B)  any DNA that has been removed from a cell 
C)  DNA that has been cut with a restriction enzyme 
D)  a bacterial plasmid combined with a human gene 
A)  DNA that has been amplified by PCR 
B)  any DNA that has been removed from a cell 
C)  DNA that has been cut with a restriction enzyme 
D)  a bacterial plasmid combined with a human gene

Question 2

You are the owner of Jurassic Park, and you want to set about populating your park with extinct animals. The first animal you want to have in your park is a wooly mammoth, and you have a remarkably well-preserved specimen that was frozen in the Arctic ice 20,000 years ago. Design a method for populating your park with many living wooly mammoths.

Accepted Answer

Using reproductive-cloning techniques, c

Question 3

What distinguishes an embryonic stem cell from a somatic cell of an adult organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Embryonic stem cells can produce more of themselves as well as produce specialized cells, but somatic cells are already specialized. 
B)  Somatic cells can change into specialized cells, while stem cells can only produce more of themselves. 
C)  Somatic cells can produce more of themselves and produce stem cells. 
D)  Embryonic stem cells cannot be reprogrammed, but somatic cells can be reprogrammed. 
A)  Embryonic stem cells can produce more of themselves as well as produce specialized cells, but somatic cells are already specialized. 
B)  Somatic cells can change into specialized cells, while stem cells can only produce more of themselves. 
C)  Somatic cells can produce more of themselves and produce stem cells. 
D)  Embryonic stem cells cannot be reprogrammed, but somatic cells can be reprogrammed.

Question 4

What is one of the advantages of producing human growth hormone (HGH) from a cloned gene in a bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The product can be administered by infecting a person with the recombinant bacteria. 
B)  A gene cloned from mice, rather than from humans, can be used. 
C)  The bacterial protein has a different amino acid sequence that is more effective. 
D)  Larger quantities are available. 
E)  As the protein is introduced therapeutically, it transfers the HGH gene as well. 
A)  The product can be administered by infecting a person with the recombinant bacteria. 
B)  A gene cloned from mice, rather than from humans, can be used. 
C)  The bacterial protein has a different amino acid sequence that is more effective. 
D)  Larger quantities are available. 
E)  As the protein is introduced therapeutically, it transfers the HGH gene as well.

Question 5

Pigs rich in omega-3 fatty acids:

Accepted Answer

A)  would not be healthier to eat than regular pigs. 
B)  have never been produced using biotechnology. 
C)  are examples of transgenic animals. 
D)  were produced using the PCR technique. 
A)  would not be healthier to eat than regular pigs. 
B)  have never been produced using biotechnology. 
C)  are examples of transgenic animals. 
D)  were produced using the PCR technique.

Question 6

"Bt cotton" refers to cotton that:

Accepted Answer

A)  has been infested with insect pests. 
B)  is resistant to Bacillus thuringeniensis. 
C)  is resistant to herbicides. 
D)  is resistant to insect pests. 
A)  has been infested with insect pests. 
B)  is resistant to Bacillus thuringeniensis. 
C)  is resistant to herbicides. 
D)  is resistant to insect pests.

Question 7

Embryonic stem cells are taken from:

Accepted Answer

A)  blastocysts. 
B)  adult tissues. 
C)  eggs. 
D)  iPS cells. 
A)  blastocysts. 
B)  adult tissues. 
C)  eggs. 
D)  iPS cells.

Question 8

If a restriction enzyme leaves a sticky end on a DNA fragment, it means the fragment:

Accepted Answer

A)  has a protruding end of a small number of unpaired bases. 
B)  will stick only to DNA from the same organism. 
C)  can attach to any other sticky end produced by any other restriction enzyme. 
D)  can transform bacteria without the need for a cloning vector. 
A)  has a protruding end of a small number of unpaired bases. 
B)  will stick only to DNA from the same organism. 
C)  can attach to any other sticky end produced by any other restriction enzyme. 
D)  can transform bacteria without the need for a cloning vector.

Question 9

A farmer wants to reduce his need to use insecticides on his corn crop to save money. He plants 80 percent of his field with Bt corn but has to plant the remaining 20 percent with corn that has not been genetically modified. What is the reason for planting only 80 percent of his field with Bt corn if planting 100 percent Bt corn would reduce his need for insecticide even further?

Accepted Answer

If all the corn is genetically modified

Question 10

Which is an example of clones that already are produced by nature?

Accepted Answer

A)  identical twins 
B)  fraternal twins 
C)  golden corn 
D)  two plants of the same species 
A)  identical twins 
B)  fraternal twins 
C)  golden corn 
D)  two plants of the same species

Question 11

On what basis does forensic biotechnology distinguish one individual from another?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different people will have different mutations in their short tandem repeats. 
B)  Different people will have a different number of tandem repeats at the same location in their genomes. 
C)  Different people will have completely different genomes. 
D)  A small tandem repeat in one person will be in a different location in the genome of another person. 
A)  Different people will have different mutations in their short tandem repeats. 
B)  Different people will have a different number of tandem repeats at the same location in their genomes. 
C)  Different people will have completely different genomes. 
D)  A small tandem repeat in one person will be in a different location in the genome of another person.

Question 12

What is a "cloning vector"?

Accepted Answer

A)  an enzyme used to cut or combine DNA 
B)  a cell that is producing protein from a recombinant plasmid 
C)  a DNA vehicle that carries recombinant DNA into cells 
D)  a protein such as HGH that is produced by biotechnology 
A)  an enzyme used to cut or combine DNA 
B)  a cell that is producing protein from a recombinant plasmid 
C)  a DNA vehicle that carries recombinant DNA into cells 
D)  a protein such as HGH that is produced by biotechnology

Question 13

Why is PCR useful?

Accepted Answer

A)  It allows fragments of DNA to be separated by size. 
B)  It is essential for making many copies of a transgenic animal. 
C)  It is required for the introduction of DNA into reproductively cloned animals. 
D)  It allows for making many copies of DNA when the starting sample is small. 
A)  It allows fragments of DNA to be separated by size. 
B)  It is essential for making many copies of a transgenic animal. 
C)  It is required for the introduction of DNA into reproductively cloned animals. 
D)  It allows for making many copies of DNA when the starting sample is small.

Question 14

"Dolly" or another reproductively cloned animal is a clone of:

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria that were used to generate the recombinant DNA in the animal. 
B)  an adult animal that contributed DNA to an enucleated egg. 
C)  the animal that donated the egg from which the clone developed. 
D)  a human that contributed genes to the recombinant DNA in the animal. 
A)  bacteria that were used to generate the recombinant DNA in the animal. 
B)  an adult animal that contributed DNA to an enucleated egg. 
C)  the animal that donated the egg from which the clone developed. 
D)  a human that contributed genes to the recombinant DNA in the animal.

Question 15

Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows.  
-In PCR, what is the function of the primers?

Accepted Answer

A)  They separate DNA strands. 
B)  They are the starting point for DNA polymerase to work on synthesizing complementary DNA strands. 
C)  They tell DNA polymerase where to stop copying the template. 
D)  They are the source of nucleotides that DNA polymerase uses to copy the template. 
A)  They separate DNA strands. 
B)  They are the starting point for DNA polymerase to work on synthesizing complementary DNA strands. 
C)  They tell DNA polymerase where to stop copying the template. 
D)  They are the source of nucleotides that DNA polymerase uses to copy the template.

Question 16

Next to plasmids, the most common type of cloning vector is a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Next to plasmids, the most common type...

Question 17

Why are short tandem repeats (STRs) used in DNA fingerprinting?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are the only human genes that can be cut by restriction enzymes. 
B)  It is unlikely two unrelated people will have an identical number of repeats at the same location in their genomes. 
C)  They are exactly the same in all individuals. 
D)  Some individuals have them and some don't. 
A)  They are the only human genes that can be cut by restriction enzymes. 
B)  It is unlikely two unrelated people will have an identical number of repeats at the same location in their genomes. 
C)  They are exactly the same in all individuals. 
D)  Some individuals have them and some don't.

Question 18

What is the most common way of introducing recombinant DNA into bacterial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  viral vectors 
B)  PCR 
C)  transformation 
D)  gel electrophoresis 
A)  viral vectors 
B)  PCR 
C)  transformation 
D)  gel electrophoresis

Question 19

Restriction enzymes occur naturally in bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What is the advantage of genetically modifying crops such as corn, cotton, and potatoes with Bt genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  to reduce the need for fertilizers 
B)  to stop Bacillus thuringiensis from damaging the crops 
C)  to improve the resistance of insect pests to Bt toxins 
D)  to make the crops more resistant to insect pests 
A)  to reduce the need for fertilizers 
B)  to stop Bacillus thuringiensis from damaging the crops 
C)  to improve the resistance of insect pests to Bt toxins 
D)  to make the crops more resistant to insect pests

Exam 15: The Future Isnt What It Used to Be: Biotechnology

Which choice is an example of "recombinant DNA"?

What distinguishes an embryonic stem cell from a somatic cell of an adult organism?

What is one of the advantages of producing human growth hormone (HGH) from a cloned gene in a bacterial cell?

Pigs rich in omega-3 fatty acids:

"Bt cotton" refers to cotton that:

Embryonic stem cells are taken from:

If a restriction enzyme leaves a sticky end on a DNA fragment, it means the fragment:

Which is an example of clones that already are produced by nature?

On what basis does forensic biotechnology distinguish one individual from another?

What is a "cloning vector"?

Why is PCR useful?

"Dolly" or another reproductively cloned animal is a clone of:

Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows. -In PCR, what is the function of the primers?

Next to plasmids, the most common type of cloning vector is a ________.

Why are short tandem repeats (STRs) used in DNA fingerprinting?

What is the most common way of introducing recombinant DNA into bacterial cells?

Restriction enzymes occur naturally in bacteria.

What is the advantage of genetically modifying crops such as corn, cotton, and potatoes with Bt genes?

Science As a Way of Learning: a Guide to the Natural World

Fundamental Building Blocks: Chemistry, Water, and Ph

Lifes Components: Biological Molecules

Lifes Home: the Cell

Lifes Border: the Plasma Membrane

Lifes Mainspring: an Introduction to Energy

Vital Harvest: Deriving Energy From Food

The Green Worlds Gift: Photosynthesis

The Links in Lifes Chain: Genetics and Cell Division

Preparing for Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis

The First Geneticist: Mendel and His Discoveries

Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance

Passing on Lifes Information: Dna Structure and Replication

How Proteins Are Made: Genetic Transcription, Translation, and Regulation

An Introduction to Evolution: Charles Darwin, Evolutionary Thought, and the Evidence for Evolution

The Means of Evolution: Microevolution

The Outcomes of Evolution: Macroevolution

A Slow Unfolding: the History of Life on Earth

Arriving Late, Traveling Far: the Evolution of Human Beings

Viruses, Bacteria, Archaea, and Protists: the Diversity of Life 1

Fungi : the Diversity of Life 2

Animals: the Diversity of Life 3

Plants: the Diversity of Life 4

The Angiosperms: Form and Function in Flowering Plants

Body Support and Movement: the Integumentary, Skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Communication and Control 1: the Nervous System

Communication and Control 2: the Endocrine System

Defending the Body: the Immune System

Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath

Transport and Exchange 2: Digestion, Nutrition, and Elimination

An Amazingly Detailed Script: Animal Development

How the Baby Came to Be: Human Reproduction

An Interactive Living World 1: Populations in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 2: Communities in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 3: Ecosystems and Biomes

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