Question 1

In a normal DNA molecule, adenine always pairs with ________, and cytosine always pairs with ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a normal DNA molecule, adenine always...

Question 2

The location of genetic information on chromosomes had been established beyond any doubt by:

Accepted Answer

A)  1880. 
B)  1850. 
C)  1890. 
D)  1920. 
E)  1900. 
A)  1880. 
B)  1850. 
C)  1890. 
D)  1920. 
E)  1900.

Question 3

What is the difference between whole-chromosome aberrations and point mutations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Point mutations are not permanent changes in the DNA; aberrations are permanent. 
B)  Aberrations are not permanent changes in the DNA; point mutations are permanent. 
C)  Point mutations are the loss of parts of chromosomes; aberrations are the loss of whole chromosomes. 
D)  Point mutations affect a single base pair in the genome; aberrations affect a large section. 
A)  Point mutations are not permanent changes in the DNA; aberrations are permanent. 
B)  Aberrations are not permanent changes in the DNA; point mutations are permanent. 
C)  Point mutations are the loss of parts of chromosomes; aberrations are the loss of whole chromosomes. 
D)  Point mutations affect a single base pair in the genome; aberrations affect a large section.

Question 4

It was primarily the X-ray diffraction work on DNA done by ________ that allowed Watson and Crick to deduce the structure of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  Louis Pasteur 
B)  Gregor Mendel 
C)  Rosalind Franklin 
D)  T.H. Morgan 
A)  Louis Pasteur 
B)  Gregor Mendel 
C)  Rosalind Franklin 
D)  T.H. Morgan

Question 5

In DNA, A, C, G, and T are abbreviations for the:

Accepted Answer

A)  different types of bases on the nucleotides. 
B)  different types of sugars on the nucleotides. 
C)  types of genes found on DNA chromosomes. 
D)  different types of bonds that form between nucleotides. 
E)  different types of phosphates on the nucleotides. 
A)  different types of bases on the nucleotides. 
B)  different types of sugars on the nucleotides. 
C)  types of genes found on DNA chromosomes. 
D)  different types of bonds that form between nucleotides. 
E)  different types of phosphates on the nucleotides.

Question 6

What are the products of the replication of one DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  four identical double-stranded DNA molecules 
B)  two strands joined into one double-stranded DNA molecule 
C)  two identical double-stranded DNA molecules 
D)  a set of four sister chromatids 
E)  a pair of homologous chromosomes 
A)  four identical double-stranded DNA molecules 
B)  two strands joined into one double-stranded DNA molecule 
C)  two identical double-stranded DNA molecules 
D)  a set of four sister chromatids 
E)  a pair of homologous chromosomes

Question 7

DNA polymerase cannot copy point mutations, so they are not passed on from parent cells to daughter cells in cell division.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Early in the twentieth century, many biologists believed that the genetic material of living organisms had to be made of protein-it seemed that only proteins had the complexity to store the vast amount of genetic information that organisms need. How is a relatively simple molecule such as DNA capable of storing large amounts of genetic information? Another requirement for genetic material is that it will sometimes need to be replicated. How does DNA satisfy this requirement?

Accepted Answer

Despite the fact that the structure of D

Question 9

A DNA molecule can be described as a twisted ladder. The ________ form the sides, and the ________ form the rungs.

Accepted Answer

A)  base pairs; sugar-phosphate chains 
B)  sugars; phosphates 
C)  sugars; base pairs 
D)  sugar-phosphate chains; base pairs 
A)  base pairs; sugar-phosphate chains 
B)  sugars; phosphates 
C)  sugars; base pairs 
D)  sugar-phosphate chains; base pairs

Question 10

What happens if an incorrect nucleotide is not removed and replaced by the cell's DNA-correcting machinery?

Accepted Answer

A)  A point mutation has occurred. 
B)  The result is a chromosomal aberration. 
C)  The effect will be lethal, and the cell will die. 
D)  The cell will become cancerous. 
E)  The entire chromosome must be destroyed. 
A)  A point mutation has occurred. 
B)  The result is a chromosomal aberration. 
C)  The effect will be lethal, and the cell will die. 
D)  The cell will become cancerous. 
E)  The entire chromosome must be destroyed.

Question 11

The nucleotides in one strand of DNA are held together by:

Accepted Answer

A)  bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the base of the next. 
B)  hydrogen bonds between phosphates. 
C)  bonds between the phosphate of one nucleotide and the base of the next. 
D)  hydrogen bonds between complementary bases. 
E)  links between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next. 
A)  bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the base of the next. 
B)  hydrogen bonds between phosphates. 
C)  bonds between the phosphate of one nucleotide and the base of the next. 
D)  hydrogen bonds between complementary bases. 
E)  links between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next.

Question 12

If the sequence TCGTA was used as a template in DNA replication, what would be the sequence of bases on the newly synthesized strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATGCT 
B)  CTACG 
C)  AGCAT 
D)  GCATC 
E)  TCGTA 
A)  ATGCT 
B)  CTACG 
C)  AGCAT 
D)  GCATC 
E)  TCGTA

Question 13

Write the sequence of the DNA strand complementary to a strand with the sequence AAATGCC.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write the sequence of the DNA strand...

Question 14

Mutations will not be passed on to the next generation if they occur in ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mutations will not be passed on to...

Question 15

Any agent that can change the base sequence of DNA is known as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  trinucleotide repeat. 
B)  free radical. 
C)  cancer. 
D)  mutagen. 
E)  spontaneous event. 
A)  trinucleotide repeat. 
B)  free radical. 
C)  cancer. 
D)  mutagen. 
E)  spontaneous event.

Question 16

Which of the following would be considered an environmental mutagen?

Accepted Answer

A)  free radicals 
B)  ultraviolet light 
C)  spontaneous events 
D)  the collision of water molecules with DNA 
E)  DNA replication errors 
A)  free radicals 
B)  ultraviolet light 
C)  spontaneous events 
D)  the collision of water molecules with DNA 
E)  DNA replication errors

Question 17

What mechanism can introduce new genetic information into a species?

Accepted Answer

Genetic mistakes (mutations) t

Question 18

How do most mutations affect an organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most mutations either are harmful, or they have no effect. 
B)  Most mutations will kill the organism. 
C)  Most mutations create cancerous cells. 
D)  Most mutations are beneficial and create a more adapted organism. 
A)  Most mutations either are harmful, or they have no effect. 
B)  Most mutations will kill the organism. 
C)  Most mutations create cancerous cells. 
D)  Most mutations are beneficial and create a more adapted organism.

Question 19

There are two alleles for each gene in a cell. If each gene encodes for a particular protein, what would make two alleles different from each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sequence of bases in the DNA for each allele would be slightly different and would lead to the production of slightly different proteins. 
B)  The sequence of bases in the DNA would be different for each allele, but they would result in the production of identical proteins. 
C)  The sequence of bases in the DNA would be identical for each allele, but they would produce very different proteins. 
D)  The sequence of bases in the DNA would be identical for each allele, but one would produce a protein and the other would not. 
A)  The sequence of bases in the DNA for each allele would be slightly different and would lead to the production of slightly different proteins. 
B)  The sequence of bases in the DNA would be different for each allele, but they would result in the production of identical proteins. 
C)  The sequence of bases in the DNA would be identical for each allele, but they would produce very different proteins. 
D)  The sequence of bases in the DNA would be identical for each allele, but one would produce a protein and the other would not.

Question 20

Cancer is a disease caused by mutations. Yet in most instances if one of your parents tragically died from cancer, this does not put you at greater risk than a person whose parents do not develop cancer. How can cancer be caused by mutations and yet not be heritable?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mutations that cause cancer are special and cannot be passed on regardless of what type of cell they occur in. 
B)  Most cancers arise from mutations in germ-line cells. 
C)  Most cancers arise from mutations in somatic cells. 
D)  Cancer-causing mutations are repaired in offspring but not in parents. 
A)  The mutations that cause cancer are special and cannot be passed on regardless of what type of cell they occur in. 
B)  Most cancers arise from mutations in germ-line cells. 
C)  Most cancers arise from mutations in somatic cells. 
D)  Cancer-causing mutations are repaired in offspring but not in parents.

Exam 13: Passing on Lifes Information: Dna Structure and Replication

In a normal DNA molecule, adenine always pairs with ________, and cytosine always pairs with ________.

The location of genetic information on chromosomes had been established beyond any doubt by:

What is the difference between whole-chromosome aberrations and point mutations?

It was primarily the X-ray diffraction work on DNA done by ________ that allowed Watson and Crick to deduce the structure of DNA.

In DNA, A, C, G, and T are abbreviations for the:

What are the products of the replication of one DNA molecule?

DNA polymerase cannot copy point mutations, so they are not passed on from parent cells to daughter cells in cell division.

A DNA molecule can be described as a twisted ladder. The ________ form the sides, and the ________ form the rungs.

What happens if an incorrect nucleotide is not removed and replaced by the cell's DNA-correcting machinery?

The nucleotides in one strand of DNA are held together by:

If the sequence TCGTA was used as a template in DNA replication, what would be the sequence of bases on the newly synthesized strand?

Write the sequence of the DNA strand complementary to a strand with the sequence AAATGCC.

Mutations will not be passed on to the next generation if they occur in ________ cells.

Any agent that can change the base sequence of DNA is known as a:

Which of the following would be considered an environmental mutagen?

What mechanism can introduce new genetic information into a species?

How do most mutations affect an organism?

There are two alleles for each gene in a cell. If each gene encodes for a particular protein, what would make two alleles different from each other?

Cancer is a disease caused by mutations. Yet in most instances if one of your parents tragically died from cancer, this does not put you at greater risk than a person whose parents do not develop cancer. How can cancer be caused by mutations and yet not be heritable?

Science As a Way of Learning: a Guide to the Natural World

Fundamental Building Blocks: Chemistry, Water, and Ph

Lifes Components: Biological Molecules

Lifes Home: the Cell

Lifes Border: the Plasma Membrane

Lifes Mainspring: an Introduction to Energy

Vital Harvest: Deriving Energy From Food

The Green Worlds Gift: Photosynthesis

The Links in Lifes Chain: Genetics and Cell Division

Preparing for Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis

The First Geneticist: Mendel and His Discoveries

Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance

How Proteins Are Made: Genetic Transcription, Translation, and Regulation

The Future Isnt What It Used to Be: Biotechnology

An Introduction to Evolution: Charles Darwin, Evolutionary Thought, and the Evidence for Evolution

The Means of Evolution: Microevolution

The Outcomes of Evolution: Macroevolution

A Slow Unfolding: the History of Life on Earth

Arriving Late, Traveling Far: the Evolution of Human Beings

Viruses, Bacteria, Archaea, and Protists: the Diversity of Life 1

Fungi : the Diversity of Life 2

Animals: the Diversity of Life 3

Plants: the Diversity of Life 4

The Angiosperms: Form and Function in Flowering Plants

Body Support and Movement: the Integumentary, Skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Communication and Control 1: the Nervous System

Communication and Control 2: the Endocrine System

Defending the Body: the Immune System

Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath

Transport and Exchange 2: Digestion, Nutrition, and Elimination

An Amazingly Detailed Script: Animal Development

How the Baby Came to Be: Human Reproduction

An Interactive Living World 1: Populations in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 2: Communities in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 3: Ecosystems and Biomes

Filters

In a normal DNA molecule, adenine always pairs with , and cytosine always pairs with .

A DNA molecule can be described as a twisted ladder. The form the sides, and the form the rungs.