Question 1

Research has shown that basic-level concepts tend to be privileged over other levels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

In picturing a scientist, you may automatically think of a person with a white lab coat, disheveled hair, and glasses. This is an example of a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  exemplar 
B)  prototype 
C)  stereotype 
D)  definition 
A)  exemplar 
B)  prototype 
C)  stereotype 
D)  definition C

Question 3

The definitional approach to concepts is the most widely accepted view.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Eleanor Rosch proposed the ______ approach, a theoretical view of concepts that she considered superior to the classical approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  typicality 
B)  prototype 
C)  abstract representational 
D)  weighted average 
A)  typicality 
B)  prototype 
C)  abstract representational 
D)  weighted average

Question 5

Compare and contrast these organizational approaches to concepts: stored-network and feature comparisons. Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Student examples will vary. A sample ans

Question 6

If an object is ______ typical of a concept, then people will recall ______ members of that concept.

Accepted Answer

A)  less; more 
B)  more; fewer 
C)  less; fewer 
D)  approximately; no 
A)  less; more 
B)  more; fewer 
C)  less; fewer 
D)  approximately; no

Question 7

The definitional approach to concepts proposes that people develop general concepts based on specific examples they have experienced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Barsalou (1985) examined goal-derived concepts, which are categories of things grouped together based on ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  how familiar their features are to the typical research subject 
B)  divergent structural features 
C)  shared observable features 
D)  how well their members satisfy a particular purpose 
A)  how familiar their features are to the typical research subject 
B)  divergent structural features 
C)  shared observable features 
D)  how well their members satisfy a particular purpose

Question 9

The prototype approach is based on abstractions of concepts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Research has shown that concepts are typically structured hierarchically.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The view of concepts as definitions with lists of necessary and sufficient properties can be traced as far back as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  ancient Roman thinkers 
B)  Sigmund Freud 
C)  B. F. Skinner 
D)  early Greek philosophers 
A)  ancient Roman thinkers 
B)  Sigmund Freud 
C)  B. F. Skinner 
D)  early Greek philosophers

Question 12

Collins and Loftus created a revised semantic network model to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  violate the transitive inheritance of properties 
B)  give each connection between concepts the same weight 
C)  try to account for typicality effects 
D)  show that people do not use hierarchies when organizing concepts 
A)  violate the transitive inheritance of properties 
B)  give each connection between concepts the same weight 
C)  try to account for typicality effects 
D)  show that people do not use hierarchies when organizing concepts

Question 13

You want to design a study that explores the exemplar approach. What is the best way to prevent people from applying their previous knowledge to the questions you ask them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ask questions about an obscure concept that few people have studied. 
B)  Make sure that your questions are about common concepts familiar to all your research subjects. 
C)  Invent an artificial concept and ask your research subjects questions about it. 
D)  Include a survey with your questions so that you understand how extensive your research subjects' knowledge is. 
A)  Ask questions about an obscure concept that few people have studied. 
B)  Make sure that your questions are about common concepts familiar to all your research subjects. 
C)  Invent an artificial concept and ask your research subjects questions about it. 
D)  Include a survey with your questions so that you understand how extensive your research subjects' knowledge is.

Question 14

Rosa is participating in an experiment in which she must name prototypical examples of animals similar to robins. Which of the following is she most likely to indicate as being similar to a robin?

Accepted Answer

A)  blue jay 
B)  ostrich 
C)  duck 
D)  goose 
A)  blue jay 
B)  ostrich 
C)  duck 
D)  goose

Question 15

A mental representation of a category of things in the world is known as a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  stereotype 
B)  prototype 
C)  example 
D)  concept 
A)  stereotype 
B)  prototype 
C)  example 
D)  concept

Question 16

People with ______ experience worsening deterioration of their conceptual knowledge.

Accepted Answer

A)  episodic dementia 
B)  Broca's aphasia 
C)  Wernicke's aphasia 
D)  semantic dementia 
A)  episodic dementia 
B)  Broca's aphasia 
C)  Wernicke's aphasia 
D)  semantic dementia

Question 17

Which of these examples is the poorest fit for the concept of a game?

Accepted Answer

A)  a spinning top 
B)  poker 
C)  tic-tac-toe 
D)  rock-paper-scissors 
A)  a spinning top 
B)  poker 
C)  tic-tac-toe 
D)  rock-paper-scissors

Question 18

Imagine seeing a hairless cat for the first time. You try to rationalize whether this is in fact a cat, and you reason, "It has four legs, two pointy ears, a pointy nose, and claws; it is probably a cat." This exemplifies the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  stored network view 
B)  feature comparisons approach 
C)  cognitive economy 
D)  neuroscience-inspired approach 
A)  stored network view 
B)  feature comparisons approach 
C)  cognitive economy 
D)  neuroscience-inspired approach

Question 19

The major difference between the exemplar approach and the prototype approach is that in the exemplar approach, people make comparisons ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  between more recent rather than older memories 
B)  between older rather than more recent memories 
C)  to abstractions rather than memories of actual experiences 
D)  to memories of actual experiences rather than to an abstraction of those experiences 
A)  between more recent rather than older memories 
B)  between older rather than more recent memories 
C)  to abstractions rather than memories of actual experiences 
D)  to memories of actual experiences rather than to an abstraction of those experiences

Question 20

According to Rosch & Mervis (1975), which of the following is an example of a less typical member of the category of "furniture"?

Accepted Answer

A)  chair 
B)  sofa 
C)  table 
D)  lamp 
A)  chair 
B)  sofa 
C)  table 
D)  lamp

Research has shown that basic-level concepts tend to be privileged over other levels.

In picturing a scientist, you may automatically think of a person with a white lab coat, disheveled hair, and glasses. This is an example of a(n) ______.

The definitional approach to concepts is the most widely accepted view.

Eleanor Rosch proposed the ______ approach, a theoretical view of concepts that she considered superior to the classical approach.

Compare and contrast these organizational approaches to concepts: stored-network and feature comparisons. Give an example of each.

If an object is typical of a concept, then people will recall members of that concept.

The definitional approach to concepts proposes that people develop general concepts based on specific examples they have experienced.

Barsalou (1985) examined goal-derived concepts, which are categories of things grouped together based on ______.

The prototype approach is based on abstractions of concepts.

Research has shown that concepts are typically structured hierarchically.

The view of concepts as definitions with lists of necessary and sufficient properties can be traced as far back as ______.

Collins and Loftus created a revised semantic network model to ______.

You want to design a study that explores the exemplar approach. What is the best way to prevent people from applying their previous knowledge to the questions you ask them?

Rosa is participating in an experiment in which she must name prototypical examples of animals similar to robins. Which of the following is she most likely to indicate as being similar to a robin?

A mental representation of a category of things in the world is known as a(n) ______.

People with ______ experience worsening deterioration of their conceptual knowledge.

Which of these examples is the poorest fit for the concept of a game?

Imagine seeing a hairless cat for the first time. You try to rationalize whether this is in fact a cat, and you reason, "It has four legs, two pointy ears, a pointy nose, and claws; it is probably a cat." This exemplifies the ______.

The major difference between the exemplar approach and the prototype approach is that in the exemplar approach, people make comparisons ______.

According to Rosch & Mervis (1975), which of the following is an example of a less typical member of the category of "furniture"?

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Neuroscience

Perception

Attention

Memory Structures and Processes

Long-Term Memory: Influences on Retrieval

Memory Errors

Imagery

Language

Problem Solving

Reasoning and Decision Making

Filters

Exam 10: Concepts and Knowledge

Research has shown that basic-level concepts tend to be privileged over other levels.

In picturing a scientist, you may automatically think of a person with a white lab coat, disheveled hair, and glasses. This is an example of a(n) ______.

The definitional approach to concepts is the most widely accepted view.

Eleanor Rosch proposed the ______ approach, a theoretical view of concepts that she considered superior to the classical approach.

Compare and contrast these organizational approaches to concepts: stored-network and feature comparisons. Give an example of each.

If an object is ______ typical of a concept, then people will recall ______ members of that concept.

The definitional approach to concepts proposes that people develop general concepts based on specific examples they have experienced.

Barsalou (1985) examined goal-derived concepts, which are categories of things grouped together based on ______.

The prototype approach is based on abstractions of concepts.

Research has shown that concepts are typically structured hierarchically.

The view of concepts as definitions with lists of necessary and sufficient properties can be traced as far back as ______.

Collins and Loftus created a revised semantic network model to ______.

You want to design a study that explores the exemplar approach. What is the best way to prevent people from applying their previous knowledge to the questions you ask them?

Rosa is participating in an experiment in which she must name prototypical examples of animals similar to robins. Which of the following is she most likely to indicate as being similar to a robin?

A mental representation of a category of things in the world is known as a(n) ______.

People with ______ experience worsening deterioration of their conceptual knowledge.

Which of these examples is the poorest fit for the concept of a game?

Imagine seeing a hairless cat for the first time. You try to rationalize whether this is in fact a cat, and you reason, "It has four legs, two pointy ears, a pointy nose, and claws; it is probably a cat." This exemplifies the ______.

The major difference between the exemplar approach and the prototype approach is that in the exemplar approach, people make comparisons ______.

According to Rosch & Mervis (1975), which of the following is an example of a less typical member of the category of "furniture"?

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Neuroscience

Perception

Attention

Memory Structures and Processes

Long-Term Memory: Influences on Retrieval

Memory Errors

Imagery

Language

Problem Solving

Reasoning and Decision Making

Filters

If an object is typical of a concept, then people will recall members of that concept.