Exam 7: Summarizing and Interpreting Data: Using Statistics

Suppose that in reality the null hypothesis is true for this effect. In this case, what type of decision has been made in the above statement (correct, Type I error, or Type II error)?

"In the general population, older individuals have lower memory scores than younger individuals." is a ______ hypothesis.

Of the following, ______ cannot explain the results of this study.

In simple terms the null hypothesis is that a relationship ______ in the study population.

If the p value is more than alpha, the test is said to be significant.

If we retain the null hypothesis when it's really false, we have made a ______.

A graph of a distribution showing the frequency of each response in the distribution is called a ______.

The ______ is determined by calculating the difference between each score and the mean, squaring those values, adding them up, and dividing by n-1.

The ______ measure of variability indicates the average difference between the scores of a distribution and the mean of a distribution.

The calculated average of the scores in a distribution is the ______.

The decision to reject the null hypothesis in a statistical test is made when ______.

When a distribution includes several outliers, researchers often report the ______ in addition to or instead of the mean.

If we find that an inferential test for an experiment is significant, this means that ______.

In the distribution of scores, 3, 8, 5, 9, 20, 4, the score "20" is an outlier.

A distribution is a(n) ______.

A graph of the means for different conditions in a study where each mean is graphed as a point and the points are connected in a line to show differences between mean scores is a line graph.

A Type II error is an error made in a significance test when the researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false.

There are three main categories of descriptive statistics that help researchers summarize data including all but ______.

For the study above, suppose the test to compare the conditions resulted in a p value of .037. What decision should the researcher make in this case?

Extreme high or low scores in a distribution are referred to as ______.