Exam 4: How Psychologists Use the Scientific Method: Data Collection Techniques and Research Designs

A graph showing the relationship between two dependent variables for a group of individuals is called a ______.

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(Multiple Choice)

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Question 1

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To increase the internal validity of a study, a researcher controls for extraneous factors that can affect the observations.

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(True/False)

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Question 2

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True

Explain why use of the systematic observation technique is likely to increase the internal validity of a study.

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(Essay)

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Question 3

Correct Answer:

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Answers vary
Systematic observations are controlled measures of behavior that allow a researcher to rule out some of the possible outside influences (i.e., confounding variables) that could affect behavior measurement in a study. Use of systematic observation in an experiment would further increase the internal validity of a study with the use of a manipulated variable that further controls for confounding variables.

Making sure observers are categorizing behaviors the same way increases ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 4

If a predictive relationship is examined, the variable that is used to make the prediction is called the outcome variable, and the variable that is being predicted is called the predictor variable.

(True/False)

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Question 5

Archival Analysis is a data collection technique that involves analysis of preexisting data.

(True/False)

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Question 6

What is the difference between an experiment and a quasi-experiment?

(Essay)

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Question 7

Asking individuals to rate how often each of 20 items related to depression symptoms occurs in their daily lives is an example of ______ observation technique.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 8

Due to their exploratory nature, case studies never focus on rare or unusual cases.

(True/False)

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Question 9

The presence of extraneous factors in a study that affect the dependent variable and can decrease the internal validity of the study is the ______ variable problem.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 10

Participants who want to portray themselves more positively to the researcher and intentionally respond in a way that achieves that goal biases the results of a survey and is called ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 11

The research design that allows researchers to compare groups of individuals on a measured variable based on characteristics of the individuals is a(n) ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 12

Observing behaviors as they occur in an individual's natural environment uses the ______ observation technique.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 13

Looking up records of behaviors that have already occurred uses the ______ observation technique.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 14

Ruling out alternative explanations for results increases the ______ validity.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 15

An operational definition is a definition of a concrete concept that makes it abstract for the purpose of the research study.

(True/False)

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Question 16

Analyzing the data from a closed-ended response scale would also require the development of a coding scheme because the responses are qualitative rather than quantitative.

(True/False)

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Question 17

Some of the observation techniques and research designs that psychologists use tend to allow for higher external validity than others.

(True/False)

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Question 18

The Beck Depression Inventory II and Beck Anxiety Inventory are two commonly used surveys in psychological research on mood.

(True/False)

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Question 19

Of the following, ______ is a not a good operational definition for "hunger."

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 60

A graph showing the relationship between two dependent variables for a group of individuals is called a ______.

To increase the internal validity of a study, a researcher controls for extraneous factors that can affect the observations.

Explain why use of the systematic observation technique is likely to increase the internal validity of a study.

Making sure observers are categorizing behaviors the same way increases ______.

If a predictive relationship is examined, the variable that is used to make the prediction is called the outcome variable, and the variable that is being predicted is called the predictor variable.

Archival Analysis is a data collection technique that involves analysis of preexisting data.

What is the difference between an experiment and a quasi-experiment?

Asking individuals to rate how often each of 20 items related to depression symptoms occurs in their daily lives is an example of ______ observation technique.

Due to their exploratory nature, case studies never focus on rare or unusual cases.

The presence of extraneous factors in a study that affect the dependent variable and can decrease the internal validity of the study is the ______ variable problem.

Participants who want to portray themselves more positively to the researcher and intentionally respond in a way that achieves that goal biases the results of a survey and is called ______.

The research design that allows researchers to compare groups of individuals on a measured variable based on characteristics of the individuals is a(n) ______.

Observing behaviors as they occur in an individual's natural environment uses the ______ observation technique.

Looking up records of behaviors that have already occurred uses the ______ observation technique.

Ruling out alternative explanations for results increases the ______ validity.

An operational definition is a definition of a concrete concept that makes it abstract for the purpose of the research study.

Analyzing the data from a closed-ended response scale would also require the development of a coding scheme because the responses are qualitative rather than quantitative.

Some of the observation techniques and research designs that psychologists use tend to allow for higher external validity than others.

The Beck Depression Inventory II and Beck Anxiety Inventory are two commonly used surveys in psychological research on mood.

Of the following, ______ is a not a good operational definition for "hunger."

Psychological Research: the Whys and Hows of the Scientific Method

Hypothesis Development: Where Research Questions Come From

Ethical Guidelines for Psychological Research

Variables and Measurement in Research

Sampling

Summarizing and Interpreting Data: Using Statistics

Reporting Research

More About Using Statistics

More About Survey Research

More About Correlational Studies

More About One-Factor Experiments

More About Multi-Factor Experiments

More About Quasi-Experiments

More About Other Specialized Designs

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