Exam 4: How Psychologists Use the Scientific Method: Data Collection Techniques and Research Designs

Corporations may also make archival data sets available to researchers who wish to study workplace behaviors such as work productivity.

______ indicates that a survey measures the behavior it is designed to measure.

A study is conducted to examine the effect of instruction type on test scores. Participants in the study are asked to complete a simple math test with either time limit instructions (i.e., the participants are told they must complete the test within 3 minutes) or no time limit instructions (i.e., the participants are not given a time limit for the test). Participants are randomly assigned to one of the instruction types. The independent variable in this study is ______.

Inter-rater reliability is also known as ______.

Describe what archival data research analysis is briefly. Include an example and explain why this analysis is considered time-consuming.

Using records of car crashes where individuals were not wearing seatbelts to measure use of seatbelt behavior is an example of ______ observation technique.

Explain why use of the naturalistic observation technique is likely to increase the external validity of a study.

Discuss the goal of case study research and briefly describe what one would look like.

Asking individuals to respond to questions or rate items according to their attitudes or behaviors uses the ______ observation technique.

A measure of the degree to which different observers rate behaviors in similar ways is called ______.

The research design that allows researchers to answer causal questions about manipulated and measured variables is a(n) ______.

Asking individuals to complete a task under controlled conditions uses the ______ observation technique.

What aspects of an experiment allow tests of causal relationships between variables in experimental studies?

The degree to which the behavior observed in the study is realistic, would occur naturally, and can be generalized beyond the boundaries of the study to other individuals and situations is ______ validity.

Non-numerical participant responses are considered ______.

Systematic observations are often collected in a ______.

A ______ design is an experiment conducted with one or a few participants to better understand the behavior of those individuals.

Naturalistic observations have the highest level of external validity amongst the data collection techniques.

Studies of the amnesiac H.M. used the ______ research design.

Disadvantages of using archival data include all but ______.