Question 1

Unlike the ant-acacia relationship, crustaceans that associate with Pocillipora and Acropora corals, actually attract predators to the coral.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The "unsuccessful mutualists" in Kathleen Keeler's cost-benefit model of mutualism are those that

Accepted Answer

A)  give benefits to their partner, but fail to receive benefits in return. 
B)  receive benefits from their partner, but fail to provide benefits in return. 
C)  neither give benefits to their partner, nor receive them in return. 
D)  fail to locate individuals of their mutualistic partner effectively. 
E)  locate mutualistic partners, but fail to overcome their defenses against colonization. 
A)  give benefits to their partner, but fail to receive benefits in return. 
B)  receive benefits from their partner, but fail to provide benefits in return. 
C)  neither give benefits to their partner, nor receive them in return. 
D)  fail to locate individuals of their mutualistic partner effectively. 
E)  locate mutualistic partners, but fail to overcome their defenses against colonization.

Question 3

Modified leaflet tips of bullhorn acacia that provide a food source for ants are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Modified leaflet tips of bullhorn acacia that...

Question 4

Nutrient poor soils should favor mycorrhizal fungi that are

Accepted Answer

A)  less aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant host. 
B)  more aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant host. 
C)  more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from soil. 
D)  more efficient at extracting sugars from soil. 
E)  more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from plant root exudates. 
A)  less aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant host. 
B)  more aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant host. 
C)  more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from soil. 
D)  more efficient at extracting sugars from soil. 
E)  more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from plant root exudates.

Question 5

Crabs and shrimp associated with corals protect their hosts from

Accepted Answer

A)  being dislodged from the substrate by currents. 
B)  predation by sea-stars. 
C)  predation by fishes. 
D)  attack by parasitic nematodes. 
E)  infection by pathogenic bacteria. 
A)  being dislodged from the substrate by currents. 
B)  predation by sea-stars. 
C)  predation by fishes. 
D)  attack by parasitic nematodes. 
E)  infection by pathogenic bacteria.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true regarding the control of coral over zooxanthellae?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coral induces zooxanthellae to release organic compounds. 
B)  Coral controls the rate of zooxanthellae population growth. 
C)  Coral controls the population density of zooxanthellae. 
D)  Coral promotes unbalanced growth in zooxanthellae. 
E)  All of the choices are true. 
A)  Coral induces zooxanthellae to release organic compounds. 
B)  Coral controls the rate of zooxanthellae population growth. 
C)  Coral controls the population density of zooxanthellae. 
D)  Coral promotes unbalanced growth in zooxanthellae. 
E)  All of the choices are true.

Question 7

Like plants, zooxanthellae receive ________ from the animal partner. In return, like mycorrhizal fungi, the ________ receives ________ compounds synthesized by zooxanthellae during photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

nutrients,

Question 8

Ant-acacia trees provide several services to their mutualistic ant partners. These include

Accepted Answer

A)  enlarged thorns to host ant colonies. 
B)  nectar from foliar nectaries. 
C)  nectar from floral nectaries. 
D)  both enlarged thorns to host ant colonies and nectar from foliar nectaries. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  enlarged thorns to host ant colonies. 
B)  nectar from foliar nectaries. 
C)  nectar from floral nectaries. 
D)  both enlarged thorns to host ant colonies and nectar from foliar nectaries. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Raine, Willmer, and Stone demonstrated that protection and pollination mutualism do not come into conflict on the swollen thorn acacia, Acacia hindsii, because

Accepted Answer

A)  there is spatial separation of inflorescences and resources used by guarding ants. 
B)  A. hindsii inflorescences lack nectar. 
C)  A. hindsii inflorescences contain a chemical ant repellent. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  there is spatial separation of inflorescences and resources used by guarding ants. 
B)  A. hindsii inflorescences lack nectar. 
C)  A. hindsii inflorescences contain a chemical ant repellent. 
D)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 10

Mycorrhizal fungi (directly) help their plant partners acquire

Accepted Answer

A)  sugars. 
B)  sunlight. 
C)  seed dispersal. 
D)  soil nutrients. 
E)  pollination. 
A)  sugars. 
B)  sunlight. 
C)  seed dispersal. 
D)  soil nutrients. 
E)  pollination.

Question 11

Soil fertilization should favor mycorrhizal fungi that are

Accepted Answer

A)  less aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant hosts. 
B)  more aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant hosts. 
C)  more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from soils. 
D)  more efficient at extracting sugars from soils. 
E)  more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from plant root exudates. 
A)  less aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant hosts. 
B)  more aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant hosts. 
C)  more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from soils. 
D)  more efficient at extracting sugars from soils. 
E)  more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from plant root exudates.

Unlike the ant-acacia relationship, crustaceans that associate with Pocillipora and Acropora corals, actually attract predators to the coral.

The "unsuccessful mutualists" in Kathleen Keeler's cost-benefit model of mutualism are those that

Modified leaflet tips of bullhorn acacia that provide a food source for ants are called ________.

Nutrient poor soils should favor mycorrhizal fungi that are

Crabs and shrimp associated with corals protect their hosts from

Which of the following statements is true regarding the control of coral over zooxanthellae?

Like plants, zooxanthellae receive from the animal partner. In return, like mycorrhizal fungi, the receives compounds synthesized by zooxanthellae during photosynthesis.

Ant-acacia trees provide several services to their mutualistic ant partners. These include

Raine, Willmer, and Stone demonstrated that protection and pollination mutualism do not come into conflict on the swollen thorn acacia, Acacia hindsii, because

Mycorrhizal fungi (directly) help their plant partners acquire

Soil fertilization should favor mycorrhizal fungi that are

Introduction to Ecology: Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Social Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Competition

Exploitative Interactions: Predation, Herbivory, Parasitism, and Disease

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

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Exam 15: Mutualism

Unlike the ant-acacia relationship, crustaceans that associate with Pocillipora and Acropora corals, actually attract predators to the coral.

The "unsuccessful mutualists" in Kathleen Keeler's cost-benefit model of mutualism are those that

Modified leaflet tips of bullhorn acacia that provide a food source for ants are called ________.

Nutrient poor soils should favor mycorrhizal fungi that are

Crabs and shrimp associated with corals protect their hosts from

Which of the following statements is true regarding the control of coral over zooxanthellae?

Like plants, zooxanthellae receive ________ from the animal partner. In return, like mycorrhizal fungi, the ________ receives ________ compounds synthesized by zooxanthellae during photosynthesis.

Ant-acacia trees provide several services to their mutualistic ant partners. These include

Raine, Willmer, and Stone demonstrated that protection and pollination mutualism do not come into conflict on the swollen thorn acacia, Acacia hindsii, because

Mycorrhizal fungi (directly) help their plant partners acquire

Soil fertilization should favor mycorrhizal fungi that are

Introduction to Ecology: Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Social Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Competition

Exploitative Interactions: Predation, Herbivory, Parasitism, and Disease

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

Filters

Like plants, zooxanthellae receive from the animal partner. In return, like mycorrhizal fungi, the receives compounds synthesized by zooxanthellae during photosynthesis.