Question 1

In comparison with glycerophospholipids, the structure of cerebrosides contains a

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acid. 
B)  sphingosine. 
C)  choline. 
D)  steroid ring. 
A)  fatty acid. 
B)  sphingosine. 
C)  choline. 
D)  steroid ring. B

Question 2

Which steroid hormone is synthesized in the corpus luteum?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol 
B)  progesterone 
C)  testosterone 
D)  estradiol 
A)  cortisol 
B)  progesterone 
C)  testosterone 
D)  estradiol B

Question 3

Summarize the conversion of 7-hydroxycholestrol into 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D.

Accepted Answer

Skin cells absorb energy from ultraviolet light, converting 7-hydroxycholestrol to vitamin D₃.
Vitamin D₃ is transported to the liver, where it is converted to 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ by P450C25 hydroxylase. Then, in the kidney, 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ is converted to
1,25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ by P450C1 hydroxylase.

Question 4

List and describe the major types of lipids found in a typical plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

The three major types are glycerophospho

Question 5

Explain how snake venom can lead to tissue damage and eventual death without treatment.

Accepted Answer

Snake venom often contains secreted phos

Question 6

Which type of fatty acid plays important roles in cell recognition such as in ABO blood groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  sphingomyelins 
B)  gangliosides 
C)  cerebrosides 
D)  glycerophospholipids 
A)  sphingomyelins 
B)  gangliosides 
C)  cerebrosides 
D)  glycerophospholipids

Question 7

Which steroid hormone is synthesized in the ovaries?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol 
B)  progesterone 
C)  testosterone 
D)  estradiol 
A)  cortisol 
B)  progesterone 
C)  testosterone 
D)  estradiol

Question 8

The outer layer of the plasma membrane of human erythrocytes contains mostly __________ lipids.

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphatidylinositol 
B)  phosphatidylserine 
C)  phosphatidylcholine 
D)  phosphatidylethanolamine 
A)  phosphatidylinositol 
B)  phosphatidylserine 
C)  phosphatidylcholine 
D)  phosphatidylethanolamine

Question 9

Compare and contrast chylomicrons and VLDLs.

Accepted Answer

Both function as transporters of triacyl

Question 10

Using common nomenclature, name the following fatty acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  trans 16:2 ($\Delta$11,13) 
B)  cis 16:2 ($\Delta$11,13) 
C)  trans 16:2 ($\Delta$3,5) 
D)  cis 16:2 ($\Delta$3,5) 
A)  trans 16:2 ($\Delta$11,13) 
B)  cis 16:2 ($\Delta$11,13) 
C)  trans 16:2 ($\Delta$3,5) 
D)  cis 16:2 ($\Delta$3,5)

Question 11

Soap traps dirt particles in

Accepted Answer

A)  triacylglycerols. 
B)  micelles. 
C)  steroids. 
D)  glycerophospholipids. 
A)  triacylglycerols. 
B)  micelles. 
C)  steroids. 
D)  glycerophospholipids.

Question 12

Spices such as eugenol are added to oils to enhance the flavor because of

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen bonds. 
B)  dipole-dipole interactions. 
C)  hydrophilic interactions. 
D)  hydrophobic interactions. 
A)  hydrogen bonds. 
B)  dipole-dipole interactions. 
C)  hydrophilic interactions. 
D)  hydrophobic interactions.

Question 13

7-Dehydrocholesterol is converted to cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) by

Accepted Answer

A)  P450C1 hydroxylase. 
B)  P450C12 hydroxylase. 
C)  P450C25 hydroxylase. 
D)  ultraviolet light. 
A)  P450C1 hydroxylase. 
B)  P450C12 hydroxylase. 
C)  P450C25 hydroxylase. 
D)  ultraviolet light.

Question 14

Which of the following amino alcohols act as the functional group attached to a phosphate in a glycerophospholipid?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysine 
B)  serine 
C)  glycine 
D)  alanine 
A)  lysine 
B)  serine 
C)  glycine 
D)  alanine

Question 15

Predict the structure of a fatty acid that is cis 16:1 ($\Delta$9).

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 16

Which eicosanoid acts as an inflammatory mediator that also regulates smooth muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  prostaglandin 
B)  prostacyclin 
C)  thromboxane 
D)  leukotriene 
A)  prostaglandin 
B)  prostacyclin 
C)  thromboxane 
D)  leukotriene

Question 17

Why do long chain, saturated fatty acids have a higher melting point than unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Long chain, saturated fatty acids do not

Question 18

Which eicosanoid modulates the secretion of proteoglycans that protects the stomach lining from the effects of low pH?

Accepted Answer

A)  prostaglandin 
B)  prostacyclin 
C)  thromboxane 
D)  leukotriene 
A)  prostaglandin 
B)  prostacyclin 
C)  thromboxane 
D)  leukotriene

Question 19

Predict the following fatty acid structures.
a. cis 18:2 ($\Delta$9,12)
b. trans 18:1 ($\Delta$9)
c. trans 20:2 ($\Delta$11,13)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Predict the following fatty acid structures.
a. cis...

Question 20

A fatty acid that has more than one double bond is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  monosaturated. 
B)  monounsaturated. 
C)  polysaturated. 
D)  polyunsaturated. 
A)  monosaturated. 
B)  monounsaturated. 
C)  polysaturated. 
D)  polyunsaturated.

Exam 15: Lipid Structure and Function

In comparison with glycerophospholipids, the structure of cerebrosides contains a

Which steroid hormone is synthesized in the corpus luteum?

Summarize the conversion of 7-hydroxycholestrol into 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D.

List and describe the major types of lipids found in a typical plasma membrane.

Explain how snake venom can lead to tissue damage and eventual death without treatment.

Which type of fatty acid plays important roles in cell recognition such as in ABO blood groups?

Which steroid hormone is synthesized in the ovaries?

The outer layer of the plasma membrane of human erythrocytes contains mostly __________ lipids.

Compare and contrast chylomicrons and VLDLs.

Using common nomenclature, name the following fatty acid.

Soap traps dirt particles in

Spices such as eugenol are added to oils to enhance the flavor because of

7-Dehydrocholesterol is converted to cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) by

Which of the following amino alcohols act as the functional group attached to a phosphate in a glycerophospholipid?

Predict the structure of a fatty acid that is cis 16:1 ( Δ\DeltaΔ 9).

Which eicosanoid acts as an inflammatory mediator that also regulates smooth muscle contraction?

Why do long chain, saturated fatty acids have a higher melting point than unsaturated fatty acids?

Which eicosanoid modulates the secretion of proteoglycans that protects the stomach lining from the effects of low pH?

Predict the following fatty acid structures. a. cis 18:2 ( Δ\DeltaΔ 9,12) b. trans 18:1 ( Δ\DeltaΔ 9) c. trans 20:2 ( Δ\DeltaΔ 11,13)

A fatty acid that has more than one double bond is referred to as

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

7-Dehydrocholesterol is converted to cholecalciferol (Vitamin D₃) by

Predict the structure of a fatty acid that is cis 16:1 ( $\Delta$ ⁹).

Predict the following fatty acid structures. a. cis 18:2 ( $\Delta$ ^9,12) b. trans 18:1 ( $\Delta$ ⁹) c. trans 20:2 ( $\Delta$ ^11,13)