Question 1

Predict the structure of a fatty acid that is trans 18:2 ($\Delta$9,11).

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 2

Compared with a fatty acid, a wax

Accepted Answer

A)  contains a glycerol backbone. 
B)  has long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxylate group. 
C)  has long hydrocarbon chains connected with an ester linkage. 
D)  contains a polar phosphate group. 
A)  contains a glycerol backbone. 
B)  has long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxylate group. 
C)  has long hydrocarbon chains connected with an ester linkage. 
D)  contains a polar phosphate group.

Question 3

The addition of phosphocholine to ceramides generates

Accepted Answer

A)  glycerophospholipids. 
B)  gangliosides. 
C)  cerebrosides. 
D)  sphingomyelin. 
A)  glycerophospholipids. 
B)  gangliosides. 
C)  cerebrosides. 
D)  sphingomyelin.

Question 4

One disadvantage of using partial hydrogenation in the food industry is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the shelf life of the oils is not as long. 
B)  trans fats are formed during the process. 
C)  the oils tend to become rancid and have foul odors. 
D)  the oils cost more than animal fats. 
A)  the shelf life of the oils is not as long. 
B)  trans fats are formed during the process. 
C)  the oils tend to become rancid and have foul odors. 
D)  the oils cost more than animal fats.

Question 5

Arrange the following steps of glucagon signaling in the correct order. 1. A hydrolysis reaction cleaves a fatty acid from the stored triacylglycerols to generate diacylglycerol and a fatty acid.
2) The regulatory protein G58 binds to adipose triglyceride lipase.
3) Perilipin is phosphorylated on the surface of lipid droplets.
4) Albumin transports the free fatty acid.
5) A GDP-GTP exchange stimulates cyclic AMP production by the enzyme adenylate cyclase.

Accepted Answer

A)  2, 5, 3, 4, 1 
B)  5, 2, 4, 3, 1 
C)  5, 3, 2, 1, 4 
D)  2, 3, 5, 1, 4 
A)  2, 5, 3, 4, 1 
B)  5, 2, 4, 3, 1 
C)  5, 3, 2, 1, 4 
D)  2, 3, 5, 1, 4

Question 6

Outline the six steps required for the absorption and transport of dietary triacylglycerols.

Accepted Answer

(1) Triacylglycerols are emulsified by b

Question 7

How do cholesterol concentrations affect membrane fluidity?

Accepted Answer

High concentrations of cholesterol preve

Question 8

Lipid rafts are thought to be discrete membrane regions that contain high concentrations of

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphatidylinositol. 
B)  gangliosides. 
C)  phosphatidylcholine. 
D)  cholesterol. 
A)  phosphatidylinositol. 
B)  gangliosides. 
C)  phosphatidylcholine. 
D)  cholesterol.

Question 9

What is partial hydrogenation? Outline the pros and cons of using partial hydrogenation in the food industry.

Accepted Answer

Hydrogenation is a commercial process wh

Question 10

Compare and contrast the structure of a wax to that of a fatty acid.

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids contain a carboxylic acid he

Question 11

Triacylglycerols are transported though the blood as

Accepted Answer

A)  glycerophospholipids. 
B)  sphingolipids. 
C)  cerebrosides. 
D)  very low density lipoprotein particles. 
A)  glycerophospholipids. 
B)  sphingolipids. 
C)  cerebrosides. 
D)  very low density lipoprotein particles.

Question 12

Which of the following membranes would have the least amount of fluidity based on the following percentage of cholesterol in the membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  30% 
D)  40% 
A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  30% 
D)  40%

Question 13

Using common nomenclature, name the following fatty acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  trans 14:1 ($\Delta$7) 
B)  cis 14:1 ($\Delta$7) 
C)  trans 14:7 ($\Delta$1) 
D)  cis 14:7 ($\Delta$1) 
A)  trans 14:1 ($\Delta$7) 
B)  cis 14:1 ($\Delta$7) 
C)  trans 14:7 ($\Delta$1) 
D)  cis 14:7 ($\Delta$1)

Question 14

Predict the structure of a fatty acid that is trans 16:1 ($\Delta$9).

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 15

Identify the $ \omega $-3 fatty acid.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 16

The lipase-mediated release of fatty acids can always be expected to occur when a person is

Accepted Answer

A)  hungry. 
B)  walking. 
C)  studying. 
D)  watching TV. 
A)  hungry. 
B)  walking. 
C)  studying. 
D)  watching TV.

Question 17

In comparison with gangliosides, the structure of phosphatidylcholine contains a

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acid. 
B)  sugar moiety. 
C)  glycerol moiety. 
D)  steroid ring. 
A)  fatty acid. 
B)  sugar moiety. 
C)  glycerol moiety. 
D)  steroid ring.

Question 18

Classify the following fatty acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  saturated 
B)  unsaturated 
C)  monounsaturated 
D)  polyunsaturated 
A)  saturated 
B)  unsaturated 
C)  monounsaturated 
D)  polyunsaturated

Question 19

Describe the two ways triacylglycerols have been used to improve daily life.

Accepted Answer

Triacylglycerols improve daily life thro

Question 20

The biosynthesis of triacylglycerols in animals uses which citrate cycle intermediate in the liver?

Accepted Answer

A)  malate 
B)  acetyl-CoA 
C)  isocitrate 
D)  succinate 
A)  malate 
B)  acetyl-CoA 
C)  isocitrate 
D)  succinate

Exam 15: Lipid Structure and Function

Predict the structure of a fatty acid that is trans 18:2 ( Δ\DeltaΔ 9,11).

Compared with a fatty acid, a wax

The addition of phosphocholine to ceramides generates

One disadvantage of using partial hydrogenation in the food industry is that

Outline the six steps required for the absorption and transport of dietary triacylglycerols.

How do cholesterol concentrations affect membrane fluidity?

Lipid rafts are thought to be discrete membrane regions that contain high concentrations of

What is partial hydrogenation? Outline the pros and cons of using partial hydrogenation in the food industry.

Compare and contrast the structure of a wax to that of a fatty acid.

Triacylglycerols are transported though the blood as

Which of the following membranes would have the least amount of fluidity based on the following percentage of cholesterol in the membrane?

Using common nomenclature, name the following fatty acid.

Predict the structure of a fatty acid that is trans 16:1 ( Δ\DeltaΔ 9).

Identify the ω \omega ω -3 fatty acid.

The lipase-mediated release of fatty acids can always be expected to occur when a person is

In comparison with gangliosides, the structure of phosphatidylcholine contains a

Classify the following fatty acid.

Describe the two ways triacylglycerols have been used to improve daily life.

The biosynthesis of triacylglycerols in animals uses which citrate cycle intermediate in the liver?

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

Predict the structure of a fatty acid that is trans 18:2 ( $\Delta$ ^9,11).

Predict the structure of a fatty acid that is trans 16:1 ( $\Delta$ ⁹).

Identify the $\omega$ -3 fatty acid.