Question 1

The figure below is a fluorescence readout from a lectin array. What can be deduced from B?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no interaction between the glycan and the lectin in the well. 
B)  There is a glycan-lectin interaction in the well. 
C)  There is an interaction, but there is no way to determine the species that are interacting. 
D)  Glycan cleavage from the glycoconjugate has been achieved. 
A)  There is no interaction between the glycan and the lectin in the well. 
B)  There is a glycan-lectin interaction in the well. 
C)  There is an interaction, but there is no way to determine the species that are interacting. 
D)  Glycan cleavage from the glycoconjugate has been achieved. B

Question 2

A $\beta$-elimination reaction is used in glycan characterization to

Accepted Answer

A)  label the antibody arrays. 
B)  fluorescently label glycoproteins. 
C)  cleave the O-linked glycans. 
D)  cleave the N-linked glycans. 
A)  label the antibody arrays. 
B)  fluorescently label glycoproteins. 
C)  cleave the O-linked glycans. 
D)  cleave the N-linked glycans. C

Question 3

Which glycan is a major component of plant cell walls?

Accepted Answer

A)  cellulose 
B)  chitin 
C)  starch 
D)  glycogen 
A)  cellulose 
B)  chitin 
C)  starch 
D)  glycogen A

Question 4

Compare the methods used to cleave the O-linked and N-linked glycans from glycoproteins.

Accepted Answer

N-linked glycans are enzymatically cleav

Question 5

Gram-positive bacteria have a peptidoglycan layer that consists of , which provides structural support and influences the uptake of charged biomolecules.

Accepted Answer

A)  starch 
B)  lipopolysaccharides 
C)  lipoteichoic acid 
D)  hyaluronic acid 
A)  starch 
B)  lipopolysaccharides 
C)  lipoteichoic acid 
D)  hyaluronic acid

Question 6

Both methicillin and penicillin are inactive when exposed to

Accepted Answer

A)  "transpeptidase." 
B)  "transpeptidase and $\beta$-lactamase." 
C)  "$\beta$-lactamase." 
D)  "variant transpeptidase." 
A)  "transpeptidase." 
B)  "transpeptidase and $\beta$-lactamase." 
C)  "$\beta$-lactamase." 
D)  "variant transpeptidase."

Question 7

A person who only expresses the GTB enzyme and not the GTA enzyme will have which blood type?

Accepted Answer

A)  O 
B)  A 
C)  B 
D)  AB 
A)  O 
B)  A 
C)  B 
D)  AB

Question 8

Which of the following is classified as a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A)  sucrose 
B)  glucose 
C)  lactose 
D)  maltose 
A)  sucrose 
B)  glucose 
C)  lactose 
D)  maltose

Question 9

Differentiate Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria.

Accepted Answer

Gram-positive bacteria have a thicker pe

Question 10

The glycan fragment shown on the right has been cleaved by glycosylase enzymes, and HPLC analysis has produced the peaks 1 to 6.   Which of the following fragments corresponds to peak 5?

Accepted Answer

A)   
  
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)   
  
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 11

Glycan arrays can be coupled with to qualitatively compare fractionated cell extracts from different sources.

Accepted Answer

A)  MALDI-TOF 
B)  HPLC 
C)  size exclusion chromatography 
D)  mass spectrometry 
A)  MALDI-TOF 
B)  HPLC 
C)  size exclusion chromatography 
D)  mass spectrometry

Question 12

Explain the difference between simple sugars, polysaccharides, and glycoconjugates.

Accepted Answer

Simple sugars are the building blocks of

Question 13

Which fluorescent dye is used to label glycans before HPLC?

Accepted Answer

A)  2-aminobenzamide 
B)  sodium hydroxide and sodium borohydride 
C)  sodium cyanoborohydride 
D)  PNGaseF 
A)  2-aminobenzamide 
B)  sodium hydroxide and sodium borohydride 
C)  sodium cyanoborohydride 
D)  PNGaseF

Question 14

A person who only expresses the GTA enzyme and not the GTB enzyme will have which blood type?

Accepted Answer

A)  O 
B)  A 
C)  B 
D)  AB 
A)  O 
B)  A 
C)  B 
D)  AB

Question 15

Type O blood is sometime referred to as a universal donor. Explain what this means.

Accepted Answer

Type O individuals can donate

Question 16

A father's blood type is B and a mother's blood type is O. Is it possible for their baby to be born with type A blood? If so, how?

Accepted Answer

This is not possible. Blood type inherit

Question 17

Which amino acid does penicillin form a complex with on transpeptidase?

Accepted Answer

A)  aspartic acid 
B)  lysine 
C)  alanine 
D)  serine 
A)  aspartic acid 
B)  lysine 
C)  alanine 
D)  serine

Question 18

The glycan fragment shown below on the right has been cleaved by glycosylase enzymes, and HPLC analysis has produced the peaks 1 to 6. Which of the following fragments corresponds to peak 6?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 19

Penicillin kills bacteria by inhibiting the biosynthesis of the cell wall. How does penicillin cause the inhibition?

Accepted Answer

A)  The transpeptidase of the bacteria binds to methicillin. 
B)  The carbonyl carbon of the $\beta$-lactam ring of penicillin binds to transpeptidase. 
C)  The $\beta$-lactam ring in penicillin is hydrolyzed. 
D)  The glycine in transpeptidase binds to penicillin. 
A)  The transpeptidase of the bacteria binds to methicillin. 
B)  The carbonyl carbon of the $\beta$-lactam ring of penicillin binds to transpeptidase. 
C)  The $\beta$-lactam ring in penicillin is hydrolyzed. 
D)  The glycine in transpeptidase binds to penicillin.

Question 20

What type of antigen(s) is/are expressed on the red blood cell of a personal with type A blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  antigen A 
B)  antigen B 
C)  both antigen A and antigen B 
D)  neither antigen A or antigen B 
A)  antigen A 
B)  antigen B 
C)  both antigen A and antigen B 
D)  neither antigen A or antigen B

Exam 13: Carbohydrate Structure and Function

The figure below is a fluorescence readout from a lectin array. What can be deduced from B?

A β\betaβ -elimination reaction is used in glycan characterization to

Which glycan is a major component of plant cell walls?

Compare the methods used to cleave the O-linked and N-linked glycans from glycoproteins.

Gram-positive bacteria have a peptidoglycan layer that consists of , which provides structural support and influences the uptake of charged biomolecules.

Both methicillin and penicillin are inactive when exposed to

A person who only expresses the GTB enzyme and not the GTA enzyme will have which blood type?

Which of the following is classified as a monosaccharide?

Differentiate Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria.

The glycan fragment shown on the right has been cleaved by glycosylase enzymes, and HPLC analysis has produced the peaks 1 to 6. Which of the following fragments corresponds to peak 5?

Glycan arrays can be coupled with to qualitatively compare fractionated cell extracts from different sources.

Explain the difference between simple sugars, polysaccharides, and glycoconjugates.

Which fluorescent dye is used to label glycans before HPLC?

A person who only expresses the GTA enzyme and not the GTB enzyme will have which blood type?

Type O blood is sometime referred to as a universal donor. Explain what this means.

A father's blood type is B and a mother's blood type is O. Is it possible for their baby to be born with type A blood? If so, how?

Which amino acid does penicillin form a complex with on transpeptidase?

The glycan fragment shown below on the right has been cleaved by glycosylase enzymes, and HPLC analysis has produced the peaks 1 to 6. Which of the following fragments corresponds to peak 6?

Penicillin kills bacteria by inhibiting the biosynthesis of the cell wall. How does penicillin cause the inhibition?

What type of antigen(s) is/are expressed on the red blood cell of a personal with type A blood?

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

A $\beta$ -elimination reaction is used in glycan characterization to