Question 1

All of the following are benefits of sequencing the human genome EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) genes were discovered whose functions were previously unknown. 
B) more genes that cause disease have been discovered. 
C) the number of genetic disorders that can be diagnosed with molecular techniques has increased. 
D) better comparisons can be made between human genetics and the genetics of other organisms. 
E) every genetic disorder is now curable or preventable. 
A) genes were discovered whose functions were previously unknown. 
B) more genes that cause disease have been discovered. 
C) the number of genetic disorders that can be diagnosed with molecular techniques has increased. 
D) better comparisons can be made between human genetics and the genetics of other organisms. 
E) every genetic disorder is now curable or preventable.

Question 2

The history of biotechnology spans:

Accepted Answer

A) fewer than 50 years. 
B) around 100 to 150 years. 
C) about 1,000 years. 
D) at least 10,000 years. 
A) fewer than 50 years. 
B) around 100 to 150 years. 
C) about 1,000 years. 
D) at least 10,000 years.

Question 3

How many copies of a gene of interest are produced from one template DNA strand after three cycles of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

Accepted Answer

A) two 
B) three 
C) four 
D) five 
E) eight 
A) two 
B) three 
C) four 
D) five 
E) eight

Question 4

Plasmids are:

Accepted Answer

A) noncircular DNA segments found only in bacteria. 
B) small, replicating rings of DNA found in bacteria. 
C) chromosomal loops made of RNA. 
D) found only in three species of bacteria. 
E) necessary in order for bacteria to reproduce. 
A) noncircular DNA segments found only in bacteria. 
B) small, replicating rings of DNA found in bacteria. 
C) chromosomal loops made of RNA. 
D) found only in three species of bacteria. 
E) necessary in order for bacteria to reproduce.

Question 5

In gel electrophoresis, DNA is separated based on charge and ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In gel electrophoresis, DNA is separated based...

Question 6

Restriction enzymes:

Accepted Answer

A) randomly cut DNA into small pieces. 
B) produce single-stranded DNA fragments with "sticky ends." 
C) can cut only bacterial DNA. 
D) will cut DNA only if it contains methyl groups. 
A) randomly cut DNA into small pieces. 
B) produce single-stranded DNA fragments with "sticky ends." 
C) can cut only bacterial DNA. 
D) will cut DNA only if it contains methyl groups.

Question 7

The polymerase chain reaction joins many small DNA molecules into a long chain. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

An organism that contains altered genes is considered all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) transgenic. 
B) a genetically modified organism (GMO). 
C) genetically engineered. 
D) polymorphic. 
A) transgenic. 
B) a genetically modified organism (GMO). 
C) genetically engineered. 
D) polymorphic.

Question 9

The DNA of humans and chimps differs by just over 1%. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

All of the following are goals of biotechnology EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) generating economic benefits. 
B) efficiently producing biologically important molecules. 
C) improving agriculturally important food plants. 
D) treating disease more effectively. 
E) creating humans with higher intelligence levels. 
A) generating economic benefits. 
B) efficiently producing biologically important molecules. 
C) improving agriculturally important food plants. 
D) treating disease more effectively. 
E) creating humans with higher intelligence levels.

Question 11

Which pair of enzymes is necessary to make recombinant DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase and ligase 
B) ligase and restriction enzyme 
C) restriction enzyme and DNA polymerase 
D) DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase 
A) DNA polymerase and ligase 
B) ligase and restriction enzyme 
C) restriction enzyme and DNA polymerase 
D) DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase

Question 12

Which of the following molecular techniques involves "DNA replication in a tube"?

Accepted Answer

A) transformation 
B) gel electrophoresis 
C) PCR 
D) RFLP 
A) transformation 
B) gel electrophoresis 
C) PCR 
D) RFLP

Question 13

The earliest examples of biotechnology included:

Accepted Answer

A) the use of genetic markers to learn more about genetic inheritance. 
B) the study and treatment of genetic diseases in people. 
C) the careful examination of patterns of bacterial inheritance. 
D) the use of selective breeding to provide better, more nutritious food. 
A) the use of genetic markers to learn more about genetic inheritance. 
B) the study and treatment of genetic diseases in people. 
C) the careful examination of patterns of bacterial inheritance. 
D) the use of selective breeding to provide better, more nutritious food.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an example of genetic recombination between different species in nature?

Accepted Answer

A) bacterial transformation 
B) bacteria that acquire foreign plasmids 
C) viruses that transfer DNA between host organisms 
D) sexual reproduction 
A) bacterial transformation 
B) bacteria that acquire foreign plasmids 
C) viruses that transfer DNA between host organisms 
D) sexual reproduction

Question 15

How is it possible for a dead bacterial cell to influence the DNA in a living bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

Dead bacteria release plasmids

Question 16

For years, the residents of a small Mexican town complained about large numbers of flies coming from a nearby hog farm, where millions of pigs are raised each year. In 2009, the majority of residents in this town became sick with "swine flu," caused by the H1N1 influenza virus. This virus infects people but is apparently genetically similar to a virus that infects hogs. The virus has since gone on to infect (and, in some cases, kill)people in Mexico City, has quickly spread around the entire planet, and has been declared a global pandemic. Based on this scenario and your knowledge of genetics, this virus is most likely:

Accepted Answer

A) inappropriately called the "swine flu" virus and is merely coincidentally similar to a virus that infects pigs. 
B) a genetically unmodified virus that first infected pigs, then flies, then people. 
C) a human virus that was transformed within the bacteria living in pig manure and can now infect pigs and humans. 
D) the result of a hog-specific virus being transformed into a human-specific virus, after being carried from the hog farm to people via flying insects. 
E) the first known example of a genetically modified virus that could potentially cause millions of people to die or perhaps the extinction of humans altogether. 
A) inappropriately called the "swine flu" virus and is merely coincidentally similar to a virus that infects pigs. 
B) a genetically unmodified virus that first infected pigs, then flies, then people. 
C) a human virus that was transformed within the bacteria living in pig manure and can now infect pigs and humans. 
D) the result of a hog-specific virus being transformed into a human-specific virus, after being carried from the hog farm to people via flying insects. 
E) the first known example of a genetically modified virus that could potentially cause millions of people to die or perhaps the extinction of humans altogether.

Question 17

Provide one example of an agricultural application of biotechnology.

Accepted Answer

Possible answers are selective

Question 18

A radioactively labeled DNA ________ can be used to identify a specific piece of DNA in an electrophoresis gel.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A radioactively labeled DNA ________ can be...

Question 19

To make insect-resistant, transgenic plants, ________ are first inserted into ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Bt genes; Agrobacterium tumefaciens bacteria 
B) Bt genes; disabled Ti plasmids 
C) disabled Ti plasmids; A. tumefaciens bacteria 
D) disabled Ti plasmids; Bt genes 
E) 
A)  tumefaciens bacteria; target plant cells 
A) Bt genes; Agrobacterium tumefaciens bacteria 
B) Bt genes; disabled Ti plasmids 
C) disabled Ti plasmids; A. tumefaciens bacteria 
D) disabled Ti plasmids; Bt genes 
E) 
A)  tumefaciens bacteria; target plant cells

Question 20

Recombinant DNA technology:

Accepted Answer

A) will never be of economic importance. 
B) involves only changing genes in large mammals. 
C) randomly creates new genes from free nucleotides. 
D) is always dangerous and inevitably leads to mutations and mistakes. 
E) involves combining existing genes from different organisms. 
A) will never be of economic importance. 
B) involves only changing genes in large mammals. 
C) randomly creates new genes from free nucleotides. 
D) is always dangerous and inevitably leads to mutations and mistakes. 
E) involves combining existing genes from different organisms.

Exam 13: Biotechnology

All of the following are benefits of sequencing the human genome EXCEPT:

The history of biotechnology spans:

How many copies of a gene of interest are produced from one template DNA strand after three cycles of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

Plasmids are:

In gel electrophoresis, DNA is separated based on charge and ________.

Restriction enzymes:

The polymerase chain reaction joins many small DNA molecules into a long chain. True or False?

An organism that contains altered genes is considered all of the following EXCEPT:

The DNA of humans and chimps differs by just over 1%. True or False?

All of the following are goals of biotechnology EXCEPT:

Which pair of enzymes is necessary to make recombinant DNA?

Which of the following molecular techniques involves "DNA replication in a tube"?

The earliest examples of biotechnology included:

Which of the following is NOT an example of genetic recombination between different species in nature?

How is it possible for a dead bacterial cell to influence the DNA in a living bacterial cell?

Provide one example of an agricultural application of biotechnology.

A radioactively labeled DNA ________ can be used to identify a specific piece of DNA in an electrophoresis gel.

To make insect-resistant, transgenic plants, ________ are first inserted into ________.

Recombinant DNA technology:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

To make insect-resistant, transgenic plants, are first inserted into .