Question 1

A __________ is a prediction about the results of a research study.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A __________ is a prediction about the...

Question 2

________ is a way of saying in symbols that a research result is significant at the .05 level.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is a way of saying in...

Question 3

p < .05 means that there is less than a 5% chance of making a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of p < .05 means that there is...

Question 4

__________ is a procedure for deciding whether the outcome of a study (results for a sample)supports a particular theory or practical innovation (which is thought to apply to a population).

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ is a procedure for deciding whether...

Question 5

If the cutoff represents the most extreme 5% of the comparison distribution, then 5% is called the __________ level.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the cutoff represents the most extreme...

Question 6

A(n)_________ occurs when you fail to reject the null hypothesis when in fact it is false.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n)_________ occurs when you fail to reject...

Question 7

How do you determine whether or not to reject the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) If the Z score is less than -1 or greater than +1 
B) If the Z score is greater than +2.5 
C) Compare the Z score needed to reject the null hypothesis to the actual sample Z score 
D) Compare the standard deviation of the sample to the standard deviation of the population 
A) If the Z score is less than -1 or greater than +1 
B) If the Z score is greater than +2.5 
C) Compare the Z score needed to reject the null hypothesis to the actual sample Z score 
D) Compare the standard deviation of the sample to the standard deviation of the population

Question 8

Cutoff scores are more extreme with a one-tailed test. (True or False)

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

When testing a directional hypothesis, you use a(n)________ test.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When testing a directional hypothesis, you use...

Question 10

When a result is close but does not reach the significance level chosen , if may be reported as a "near significant trend" or as having "approached significance," with, for example,
p < .10. (True or False)

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

For the following question(s): A researcher is interested in a new kind of exercise. This new exercise can be done by anyone because it does not require any equipment, and therefore could be potentially beneficial without cost to the person. The researcher is interested in whether this new exercise will reduce the rate of heart attacks in the people who participate in doing it.
-What is the research hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) People will participate because it does not cost them any money. 
B) The exercise will make no difference in the rate of heart attacks. 
C) The exercise will reduce the rate of heart attacks. 
D) The exercise will increase the rate of heart attacks. 
A) People will participate because it does not cost them any money. 
B) The exercise will make no difference in the rate of heart attacks. 
C) The exercise will reduce the rate of heart attacks. 
D) The exercise will increase the rate of heart attacks.

Question 12

Researchers try to avoid making a(n)__________ because it could mean failing to make use of a practical procedure or useful theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Researchers try to avoid making a(n)__________ because...

Question 13

Why can a researcher not say that the results PROVE that the research hypothesis is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Because the results of research studies are based on probabilities 
B) Because the results of research studies are generally incorrect 
C) Because it is likely that the results will be disproved within a short time 
D) All of the above 
A) Because the results of research studies are based on probabilities 
B) Because the results of research studies are generally incorrect 
C) Because it is likely that the results will be disproved within a short time 
D) All of the above

Question 14

Suppose you conduct a study in which you set the significance level cutoff at a lenient probability level, such as 15%. In this case, you would have a 15% chance of making a:

Accepted Answer

A) Type I error 
B) Type II error 
C) Type III error 
D) computational error 
A) Type I error 
B) Type II error 
C) Type III error 
D) computational error

Question 15

Complete the table with the correct and incorrect decision-making terms in hypothesis testing:

Accepted Answer

A) 1 = Type I error; 2 = correct decision; 3 = Type II error; 4 = computational error 
B) 1 = correct decision; 2 = Type I error; 3 = Type II error; 4 = correct decision 
C) 1 = Type I error; 2 = correct decision; 3 = correct decision; 4 = Type II error 
D) 1 = computational error; 2 = Type I error; 3 = Type II error; 4 = correct decision 
A) 1 = Type I error; 2 = correct decision; 3 = Type II error; 4 = computational error 
B) 1 = correct decision; 2 = Type I error; 3 = Type II error; 4 = correct decision 
C) 1 = Type I error; 2 = correct decision; 3 = correct decision; 4 = Type II error 
D) 1 = computational error; 2 = Type I error; 3 = Type II error; 4 = correct decision

Question 16

For the following question(s): A study tests the prediction that people who spend a great deal of time on the beach have more eye problems than people in general.
-Population 1 refers to __________. Population 2 refers to people in general.

Accepted Answer

people who spend a g

Question 17

A study is done with a sample of one person. The general population (Population 2)has a mean of 30 and a standard deviation of 5. The cutoff Z score for significance in this study is a Z of 1.96. The raw score of the sample person is 45. What should you conclude? __________.

Accepted Answer

Reject the null hypo

Question 18

You determine the characteristics of the comparison distribution to answer which of the following questions?

Accepted Answer

A) Given a particular sample value, what is the probability of obtaining that value if the research hypothesis is true? 
B) Given a particular sample value, what is the probability of obtaining that value if the null hypothesis is true? 
C) Given a particular population value, what is the probability of obtaining that value if the research hypothesis is true? 
D) Given a particular population value, what is the probability of obtaining that value if the null hypothesis is false? 
A) Given a particular sample value, what is the probability of obtaining that value if the research hypothesis is true? 
B) Given a particular sample value, what is the probability of obtaining that value if the null hypothesis is true? 
C) Given a particular population value, what is the probability of obtaining that value if the research hypothesis is true? 
D) Given a particular population value, what is the probability of obtaining that value if the null hypothesis is false?

Question 19

A research hypothesis that does not predict a particular direction of difference between populations is called a(n)________ hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A research hypothesis that does not predict...

Question 20

Another name for the research hypothesis is the:

Accepted Answer

A) null hypothesis 
B) statistical hypothesis 
C) void hypothesis 
D) alternative hypothesis 
A) null hypothesis 
B) statistical hypothesis 
C) void hypothesis 
D) alternative hypothesis

A __________ is a prediction about the results of a research study.

________ is a way of saying in symbols that a research result is significant at the .05 level.

p < .05 means that there is less than a 5% chance of making a(n)_____.

__________ is a procedure for deciding whether the outcome of a study (results for a sample)supports a particular theory or practical innovation (which is thought to apply to a population).

If the cutoff represents the most extreme 5% of the comparison distribution, then 5% is called the __________ level.

A(n)_________ occurs when you fail to reject the null hypothesis when in fact it is false.

How do you determine whether or not to reject the null hypothesis?

Cutoff scores are more extreme with a one-tailed test. (True or False)

When testing a directional hypothesis, you use a(n)________ test.

When a result is close but does not reach the significance level chosen , if may be reported as a "near significant trend" or as having "approached significance," with, for example, p < .10. (True or False)

Researchers try to avoid making a(n)__________ because it could mean failing to make use of a practical procedure or useful theory.

Why can a researcher not say that the results PROVE that the research hypothesis is true?

Suppose you conduct a study in which you set the significance level cutoff at a lenient probability level, such as 15%. In this case, you would have a 15% chance of making a:

Complete the table with the correct and incorrect decision-making terms in hypothesis testing:

For the following question(s): A study tests the prediction that people who spend a great deal of time on the beach have more eye problems than people in general. -Population 1 refers to __________. Population 2 refers to people in general.

A study is done with a sample of one person. The general population (Population 2)has a mean of 30 and a standard deviation of 5. The cutoff Z score for significance in this study is a Z of 1.96. The raw score of the sample person is 45. What should you conclude? __________.

You determine the characteristics of the comparison distribution to answer which of the following questions?

A research hypothesis that does not predict a particular direction of difference between populations is called a(n)________ hypothesis.

Another name for the research hypothesis is the:

Displaying the Order in a Group of Numbers Using Tables and Graphs

The Mean, Variance, Standard Deviation, and Z Scores

Correlation and Prediction

Some Key Ingredients for Inferential Statistics: the Normal Curve, Sample Versus Population, and Probability

Hypothesis Tests With Means of Samples

Making Sense of Statistical Significance: Effect Size and Statistical Power

Introduction to the T Test: Single Sample and Dependent Means

The T Test for Independent Means

Introduction to the Analysis of Variance

Chi-Square Tests and Strategies When Population Distributions Are Not Normal

Applying Statistical Methods in Your Own Research Project

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Exam 5: Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

A __________ is a prediction about the results of a research study.

________ is a way of saying in symbols that a research result is significant at the .05 level.

p < .05 means that there is less than a 5% chance of making a(n)_____.

__________ is a procedure for deciding whether the outcome of a study (results for a sample)supports a particular theory or practical innovation (which is thought to apply to a population).

If the cutoff represents the most extreme 5% of the comparison distribution, then 5% is called the __________ level.

A(n)_________ occurs when you fail to reject the null hypothesis when in fact it is false.

How do you determine whether or not to reject the null hypothesis?

Cutoff scores are more extreme with a one-tailed test. (True or False)

When testing a directional hypothesis, you use a(n)________ test.

When a result is close but does not reach the significance level chosen , if may be reported as a "near significant trend" or as having "approached significance," with, for example, p < .10. (True or False)

Researchers try to avoid making a(n)__________ because it could mean failing to make use of a practical procedure or useful theory.

Why can a researcher not say that the results PROVE that the research hypothesis is true?

Suppose you conduct a study in which you set the significance level cutoff at a lenient probability level, such as 15%. In this case, you would have a 15% chance of making a:

Complete the table with the correct and incorrect decision-making terms in hypothesis testing:

For the following question(s): A study tests the prediction that people who spend a great deal of time on the beach have more eye problems than people in general. -Population 1 refers to __________. Population 2 refers to people in general.

A study is done with a sample of one person. The general population (Population 2)has a mean of 30 and a standard deviation of 5. The cutoff Z score for significance in this study is a Z of 1.96. The raw score of the sample person is 45. What should you conclude? __________.

You determine the characteristics of the comparison distribution to answer which of the following questions?

A research hypothesis that does not predict a particular direction of difference between populations is called a(n)________ hypothesis.

Another name for the research hypothesis is the:

Displaying the Order in a Group of Numbers Using Tables and Graphs

The Mean, Variance, Standard Deviation, and Z Scores

Correlation and Prediction

Some Key Ingredients for Inferential Statistics: the Normal Curve, Sample Versus Population, and Probability

Hypothesis Tests With Means of Samples

Making Sense of Statistical Significance: Effect Size and Statistical Power

Introduction to the T Test: Single Sample and Dependent Means

The T Test for Independent Means

Introduction to the Analysis of Variance

Chi-Square Tests and Strategies When Population Distributions Are Not Normal

Applying Statistical Methods in Your Own Research Project

Filters