Question 1

Please select the FALSE statement regarding phenotypic approaches to identifying microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

A)  Most of these methods do not require sophisticated equipment and can easily be done anywhere in the world. 
B)  Size, shape, and staining characteristics can give suggestive information about the identity of an organism but additional testing is usually required. 
C)  MALDI-TOF MS separates and sorts an organism's carbohydrates by mass, generating a profile that provides a fast way to identify an organism grown in culture. 
D)  A set of biochemical tests that examine the metabolic capabilities of a microorganism can be used to identify it. 
E)  Colony morphology can give initial clues to the identity of an organism but additional testing is required for absolute identification. 
A)  Most of these methods do not require sophisticated equipment and can easily be done anywhere in the world. 
B)  Size, shape, and staining characteristics can give suggestive information about the identity of an organism but additional testing is usually required. 
C)  MALDI-TOF MS separates and sorts an organism's carbohydrates by mass, generating a profile that provides a fast way to identify an organism grown in culture. 
D)  A set of biochemical tests that examine the metabolic capabilities of a microorganism can be used to identify it. 
E)  Colony morphology can give initial clues to the identity of an organism but additional testing is required for absolute identification.

Question 2

The relatedness of organisms determined by counting common characteristics

Accepted Answer

A)  is called evolutionary taxonomy. 
B)  is called amino acid sequencing. 
C)  is called DNA sequencing. 
D)  is called numerical taxonomy. 
E)  is called taxonomical history. 
A)  is called evolutionary taxonomy. 
B)  is called amino acid sequencing. 
C)  is called DNA sequencing. 
D)  is called numerical taxonomy. 
E)  is called taxonomical history.

Question 3

The point at which two organisms diverged from a common ancestor

Accepted Answer

A)  can be determined by comparing the nucleic acid sequences. 
B)  depends on transcriptional and translational control. 
C)  depends on metabolic activity and antibiotic resistance. 
D)  is determined on MacConkey's media. 
E)  is impossible to determine. 
A)  can be determined by comparing the nucleic acid sequences. 
B)  depends on transcriptional and translational control. 
C)  depends on metabolic activity and antibiotic resistance. 
D)  is determined on MacConkey's media. 
E)  is impossible to determine.

Question 4

Serratia marcescens are red when incubated at 37°C.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

You patient tells you he has heard that N. gonorrhoeae is increasingly difficult to treat because of resistance to antibiotics. He asks whether it is possible to determine which antibiotics will be affective in treating his infection. You tell him that ________ indicate antibiotic susceptibility.

Accepted Answer

A)  colony morphology 
B)  antibiograms 
C)  metabolic assays 
D)  16S rRNA sequencing 
E)  MALDI-TOF MS assays 
A)  colony morphology 
B)  antibiograms 
C)  metabolic assays 
D)  16S rRNA sequencing 
E)  MALDI-TOF MS assays

Question 6

Strains of an organism can always reliably be identified using RFLPs (restriction fragment length polymorphisms).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A DNA similarity of 75% between two organisms

Accepted Answer

A)  suggests the organisms are closely related at the species level. 
B)  suggests the organisms are not closely related at all. 
C)  suggests the organisms may or may not be related. 
D)  means the GC content in both organisms is 45%. 
E)  means the GC content in one organism is 75% and 25% in the other. 
A)  suggests the organisms are closely related at the species level. 
B)  suggests the organisms are not closely related at all. 
C)  suggests the organisms may or may not be related. 
D)  means the GC content in both organisms is 45%. 
E)  means the GC content in one organism is 75% and 25% in the other.

Question 8

The name Lactococcus (Streptococcus) lactis

Accepted Answer

A)  indicates that Streptococcus is the old genus name. 
B)  indicates that the subgenus is Streptococcus. 
C)  indicates that the family is Lactococcus. 
D)  indicates that Lactococcus is the old class name. 
E)  indicates that Lactis is the strain. 
A)  indicates that Streptococcus is the old genus name. 
B)  indicates that the subgenus is Streptococcus. 
C)  indicates that the family is Lactococcus. 
D)  indicates that Lactococcus is the old class name. 
E)  indicates that Lactis is the strain.

Question 9

In higher organisms, successful mating can occur between members of the same

Accepted Answer

A)  genus. 
B)  species. 
C)  class. 
D)  order. 
E)  family. 
A)  genus. 
B)  species. 
C)  class. 
D)  order. 
E)  family.

Question 10

The more closely related two organisms are,

Accepted Answer

A)  the less likely they belong to one genus. 
B)  the more similar their nucleic acid sequence. 
C)  the less similar their nucleic acid sequence. 
D)  the more they are phenotypically similar. 
E)  the less they are phenotypically similar. 
A)  the less likely they belong to one genus. 
B)  the more similar their nucleic acid sequence. 
C)  the less similar their nucleic acid sequence. 
D)  the more they are phenotypically similar. 
E)  the less they are phenotypically similar.

Question 11

In 1908 Orla-Jensen suggested that bacteria be grouped according to their

Accepted Answer

A)  arrangement. 
B)  morphology. 
C)  physiology. 
D)  Gram stain. 
E)  flagella. 
A)  arrangement. 
B)  morphology. 
C)  physiology. 
D)  Gram stain. 
E)  flagella.

Question 12

From most general to most specific, which is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phylum, class, kingdom, order, family, genus, species 
B)  Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species 
C)  Kingdom, phylum, family, class, order, genus, species 
D)  Kingdom, order, family, genus, phylum, class, species 
E)  Genus, species, class, order, phylum, kingdom, family 
A)  Phylum, class, kingdom, order, family, genus, species 
B)  Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species 
C)  Kingdom, phylum, family, class, order, genus, species 
D)  Kingdom, order, family, genus, phylum, class, species 
E)  Genus, species, class, order, phylum, kingdom, family

Question 13

Which technique(s) is/are used to help identify and classify bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microscopic examination 
B)  Culture characteristics 
C)  Biochemical tests 
D)  Nucleic acid analysis 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  Microscopic examination 
B)  Culture characteristics 
C)  Biochemical tests 
D)  Nucleic acid analysis 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 14

DNA probes have been very useful in

Accepted Answer

A)  coding the DNA of organisms grown in vivo. 
B)  identifying organisms in pure culture. 
C)  detecting toxins. 
D)  diagnosing diseases of protozoa. 
E)  sequencing rRNA genes. 
A)  coding the DNA of organisms grown in vivo. 
B)  identifying organisms in pure culture. 
C)  detecting toxins. 
D)  diagnosing diseases of protozoa. 
E)  sequencing rRNA genes.

Question 15

Which of the rRNA molecules has proven the most useful in taxonomy/identification?

Accepted Answer

A)  5S 
B)  16S 
C)  23S 
D)  80S 
E)  70S 
A)  5S 
B)  16S 
C)  23S 
D)  80S 
E)  70S

Question 16

An early attempt by Cohn at bacterial classification grouped bacteria according to their

Accepted Answer

A)  biochemistry. 
B)  Gram stain. 
C)  shape. 
D)  arrangement. 
E)  size. 
A)  biochemistry. 
B)  Gram stain. 
C)  shape. 
D)  arrangement. 
E)  size.

Question 17

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the few species of bacteria that

Accepted Answer

A)  is encapsulated. 
B)  is acid-fast. 
C)  stains Gram-negative. 
D)  stains Gram-positive. 
E)  lacks a peptidoglycan cell wall. 
A)  is encapsulated. 
B)  is acid-fast. 
C)  stains Gram-negative. 
D)  stains Gram-positive. 
E)  lacks a peptidoglycan cell wall.

Question 18

A soluble greenish pigment is produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  Serratia marcescens. 
B)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
C)  Escherichia coli. 
D)  all streptococci. 
E)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
A)  Serratia marcescens. 
B)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
C)  Escherichia coli. 
D)  all streptococci. 
E)  Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Question 19

Intracellular Gram-negative diplococci found in a urethral sample from a male is indicative of

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia coli. 
B)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
C)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
D)  Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
E)  Staphylococcus epidermidis. 
A)  Escherichia coli. 
B)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
C)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
D)  Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
E)  Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Question 20

Based on the Gram stain results, you tell your patient that you think he has gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. You are able to make this diagnosis based on

Accepted Answer

A)  the fact that N. gonorrhoeae is the only Gram-negative diplococcus found within white blood cells in the male urethra. 
B)  signs and symptoms AND the fact that there are bacteria in the urethral discharge. 
C)  signs and symptoms AND because N. gonorrhoeae is the only Gram-negative diplococcus found within white blood cells in the male urethra. 
D)  signs and symptoms AND the fact that bacteria in the discharge are Gram-positive. 
E)  the fact that bacteria are present in red blood cells AND because N. gonorrhoeae is the only Gram-negative diplococcus found within the male urethra. 
A)  the fact that N. gonorrhoeae is the only Gram-negative diplococcus found within white blood cells in the male urethra. 
B)  signs and symptoms AND the fact that there are bacteria in the urethral discharge. 
C)  signs and symptoms AND because N. gonorrhoeae is the only Gram-negative diplococcus found within white blood cells in the male urethra. 
D)  signs and symptoms AND the fact that bacteria in the discharge are Gram-positive. 
E)  the fact that bacteria are present in red blood cells AND because N. gonorrhoeae is the only Gram-negative diplococcus found within the male urethra.

Exam 10: Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

Please select the FALSE statement regarding phenotypic approaches to identifying microorganisms.

The relatedness of organisms determined by counting common characteristics

The point at which two organisms diverged from a common ancestor

Serratia marcescens are red when incubated at 37°C.

You patient tells you he has heard that N. gonorrhoeae is increasingly difficult to treat because of resistance to antibiotics. He asks whether it is possible to determine which antibiotics will be affective in treating his infection. You tell him that ________ indicate antibiotic susceptibility.

Strains of an organism can always reliably be identified using RFLPs (restriction fragment length polymorphisms).

A DNA similarity of 75% between two organisms

The name Lactococcus (Streptococcus) lactis

In higher organisms, successful mating can occur between members of the same

The more closely related two organisms are,

In 1908 Orla-Jensen suggested that bacteria be grouped according to their

From most general to most specific, which is the correct order?

Which technique(s) is/are used to help identify and classify bacteria?

DNA probes have been very useful in

Which of the rRNA molecules has proven the most useful in taxonomy/identification?

An early attempt by Cohn at bacterial classification grouped bacteria according to their

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the few species of bacteria that

A soluble greenish pigment is produced by

Intracellular Gram-negative diplococci found in a urethral sample from a male is indicative of

Based on the Gram stain results, you tell your patient that you think he has gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. You are able to make this diagnosis based on

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

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