Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

In their marriage, Marta is responsible for remembering family birthdays and when the bills are due, while Dave is responsible for making sure that the kids get to their sports team practices on time. The name for this particular type of sharing of responsibility is __________.

__________ refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their individual members.

The leader who would be most effective is one who uses __________.

The abuse of Iraqi prisoners by U.S. soldiers at Abu Ghraib best illustrates __________.

According to Irving Janis (1972, 1982), groupthink occurs when groups value __________ over __________.

A(n) ________ leader is more concerned with getting the job done than with the feelings of, and relationships between, workers.

When a crowd of people clap or cheer, it is difficult to tell just how loud each individual is applauding or cheering. If people tend to clap louder when they are alone than when they are in a crowd, they are probably engaging in __________.

Whereas __________ specify how all group members should behave, __________ specify how individuals in particular positions should behave.

Why do group members tend to be homogeneous?

Researchers such as Baumeister and Leary (1995) argue that the need to belong to groups is present in all societies because __________.

Which of the following will give the greatest sense of belonging to a group and a sense of distinctiveness from others?

Which of the following is NOT part of the definition of a group?

You will be working with a group of students on a class project soon, and your instructor lets you choose whom you would want in your group. Based on the established gender and cultural differences in terms of social loafing, whom would you most want in your group, and why?

Deutsch and Krauss (1960, 1962) found that cooperation between adversaries is most likely to occur when __________.

President Kennedy's failure at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba is an example of __________.

Which of the following statements best summarizes deindividuation?

Which of the following situations BEST illustrates process loss?

According to the contingency theory of leadership, in __________ situations, the leader has good relationships with subordinates, is perceived as powerful, and directs structured and well-defined tasks.

How do groups help us to define who we are?

Studies examining the relationship between leadership effectiveness and personality find that __________.