Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

"We will not talk about other members behind their backs, and we will never divulge one another's secrets to anyone, inside or outside this group." The preceding statement reflects __________.

Deindividuation refers to the loosening of normal behavioral constrains when people find themselves in a crowd. This often leads to behaviors that are __________.

Recall that Zajonc and his colleagues (1969) employed the lowly cockroach in their studies of social facilitation. In the presence of other cockroaches, roaches would run faster down a straightaway to escape a bright light than they would alone, but took longer in the presence of a cockroach audience when the escape route was more complicated (i.e., when they had to run a maze). These findings support the idea that __________.

A group of five students are sharing a house. All of the students like to take long, hot showers in the morning, but when they do, there is not enough hot water for their housemates. Which of the following will be LEAST successful in getting the students to take shorter showers?

There are two possible explanations for group polarization-persuasive arguments and social comparison. According to research, which is the most correct?

Is it true that deindividuation always leads people to act negatively or violently?

In social groups, __________ is reflected in individuals influencing and being influenced by others.

Evaluation apprehension is __________.

One reason why people may engage in social loafing in groups is that they feel __________.

Both social facilitation and social loafing are examples of the influence that the presence of others has on our behaviors. These phenomena differ, however, in that the presence of others __________ in social facilitation situations and __________ in social loafing situations.

Compare the great person theory of leadership with the contingency theory of leadership. With which theory would a social psychologist be most likely to agree?

Your roommate really detests studying in a quiet solitary space. Based on research presented in this chapter, what would you recommend your roommate do while studying for a difficult exam?

When an individual is asked to make a decision, what kind of errors can be made?

Many Asian cultures are collectivistic; that is, they tend to place a greater emphasis on the welfare of the group than on the individual. Conversely, Western cultures tend to stress individual performance more than that of the group. A reasonable hypothesis would be that the social loafing effect is __________.

There is a new student on campus who doesn't know anyone yet. Why would you expect this student to join groups on campus (these could be groups of friends, clubs, or teams)? Also, what kinds of students would you expect in the composition of the groups this new student would join?

What is the primary benefit of joining a group?

Which of the following is NOT a benefit associated with groups, according to the authors of your text?

The study group you belong to is discussing class materials for the upcoming exam. Based on research presented in your text about information sharing, which type of material would group members be most likely to focus on?

How do norms differ from roles? Norms __________, whereas roles __________.

The authors of your text cite the strategic disaster of the Bay of Pigs in 1961 as an example of __________.