Exam 6: Learning

Your roommate drives you crazy because every morning she hits the snooze button on her alarm clock three times before she gets out of bed. A) Describe the two types of reinforcement and the two types of punishment. Explain how they influence the likelihood of a behavior occurring later. B) Give an example of each type of reinforcement and punishment. C) Choose one type of reinforcement and one type of punishment and explain how you could use them to modify your roommate's annoying behavior.

Your history professor wants to help students learn how to write a high-quality research paper, so he posts an example of an "A" paper on the course website. You use this example As a template when writing your own paper. You have used ________ to write a good Research paper.

During Tammy's eye exam, a buzzer rings and a puff of air is blown into her eye, which makes her blink. This happens several times. Then Tammy blinks when she hears the buzzer because she expects that a puff of air will be blown into her eye. In this example, Tammy is showing ________ learning.

Lea is distressed to find that over the course of her first semester in college, she has gained 15 pounds. She knows that she likes to hang out at the dining hall with friends and is not used to having so many food options (particularly unhealthy ones!) around all the time. Lea also keeps snacks in her room to eat so that she will not fall asleep when she is up late studying or to make her feel better when she is stressed out over her workload. A) Give a description of how each of the three main types of learning (non-associative, associative, and learning by watching others) does or does not explain Lea's behavior during her semester at college. Give one example of each type of learning. B) How has long-term potentiation in Lea's brain influenced her behavior?

Olivia takes a drug that is supposed to increase her ability to memorize things. The drug works by increasing neural communication in the hippocampus, and when taken repeatedly, it may also support

You are driving to school when suddenly an ambulance rushes past you with its sirens blaring, so you quickly pull your car to the side of the road. A few minutes later, when you hear sirens in the distance, you get ready to quickly pull the car over again. You have learned to respond quickly to the sirens because of

The gray wolves of the Northern Rocky Mountain region vomited after eating poisoned sheep meat. The wolves formed the association of feeling ill with preying on sheep. In this example, Feeling ill is the

Humans tend to fear things that are potentially dangerous, rather than things that are not threatening. Psychologist Martin Seligman suggests this is because humans

After repeated studying, Cressida is able to remember all of the state capitals. Now when she hears the word Michigan, she quickly thinks of the word Lansing. Cressida's learning is Most likely due to long-term potentiation, which

Gavin is a three-year-old who used to color on the walls with his crayons. Gavin's father told him, "We color on paper, not on walls," and gave him a time-out. Gavin does not color on the walls anymore, which is most likely a result of all of the following EXCEPT

Every Saturday, Vaughn watches a TV show featuring a chef making new recipes. The chef always throws a pinch of salt over his shoulder when seasoning the dishes. Now, whenever Vaughn cooks, he also throws salt over his shoulder. This modification of Vaughn's behavior Is due to

Professor Jackson periodically gives his students pop quizzes on the reading assignments. To encourage students to complete the reading assignments, the schedule of reinforcement he Should use for the pop quizzes is a ________ schedule.

For each cart of books that Spencer reshelves in the prison library, he receives a chip. He is allowed to collect chips and then trade them in for candy, extra recreation time, or visitation Time. The prison uses a token economy, which is a method of

Mario believes that his son is learning to be aggressive because he plays violent video games. In what way could observational learning explain the connection Mario sees between media And his son's behavior?

Tripp is serving a 10-year prison sentence when he is informed by his parole board that he is getting out of jail early for good behavior. If the early release has the effect of increasing Tripp's good behavior in the future, then decrease of time in prison is an example of

Katie is afraid of clowns. She has been trying to overcome this fear by getting into a relaxed state and then looking at pictures of clowns. After months of this exposure, she is no longer Afraid when she sees a clown. Katie has been using ________ to overcome her fear.

Fallon is afraid of loud sounds, like thunder. She associates lightning with thunder because it regularly precedes thunder. Thus, when Fallon sees lightning, she braces herself for hearing a big boom several seconds later. Fallon has experienced a certain kind of associative learning known as

Dr. Brimfield believes that humans learn best when they are given the opportunity to act on their environments and make associations between their behavior and the resulting Consequences. Dr. Brimfield believes in

Every day after class, Jerome smells delicious pizza from Steel's Pizza House on his walk home and his mouth starts to water. One day, Jerome is riding the bus home from class and sees the Steel's Pizza House sign, and even this makes his mouth start to water. Jerome has most likely experienced all of the following EXCEPT

Twins Malcolm and Molly are learning to ride bikes. Molly watches Malcolm's attempts for several minutes and then tries to ride her own bike. During this process, Molly's mirror Neurons are