Question 1

Which approach to reasoning goes "from the particular to the general"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deductive 
B)  Inductive 
C)  Abductive 
D)  Retroductive 
A)  Deductive 
B)  Inductive 
C)  Abductive 
D)  Retroductive B

Question 2

Describe the objectives of educational research.

Accepted Answer

Exploration research occurs when the researcher is trying to understand some phenomenon that is relatively unknown. Description is the objective of educational research when the researcher is trying to identify the characteristics or the phenomenon. Understanding is part of studies that focus on participants subjective viewpoints either as individuals or as members of groups. Some research studies are focused on prediction, attempting to forecast or predict the phenomenon. Finally, research also can be designed to influence. In influence, the research is done to make certain outcomes happen.

Question 3

Replication is a way to evaluate the quality of a theory or finding.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

At the end of the school year, students in Head Start are tested to see what gains have been made during the year. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Formative assessment 
B)  Summative assessment 
C)  Theory assessment 
D)  Efficiency assessment 
A)  Formative assessment 
B)  Summative assessment 
C)  Theory assessment 
D)  Efficiency assessment

Question 5

A researcher is interested in the viewpoints of transgender students in schools so he designs a research study to investigate this topic. This study will meet which objective of educational research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prediction 
B)  Explanation 
C)  Exploration 
D)  Understanding 
A)  Prediction 
B)  Explanation 
C)  Exploration 
D)  Understanding

Question 6

Which statement best represents the Karl Popper's criterion of falsifiability?

Accepted Answer

A)  The most important property of a scientific theory is that it is capable of being supported by empirical data if it is true 
B)  The most important property of a scientific theory is that it is capable of being refuted by empirical data if it is false 
C)  When testing a theory, strong conclusions from a study can be drawn based on either supporting or refuting data 
D)  If there is a single study that does not support a theory it should be abandoned 
A)  The most important property of a scientific theory is that it is capable of being supported by empirical data if it is true 
B)  The most important property of a scientific theory is that it is capable of being refuted by empirical data if it is false 
C)  When testing a theory, strong conclusions from a study can be drawn based on either supporting or refuting data 
D)  If there is a single study that does not support a theory it should be abandoned

Question 7

Which of the following concepts specifically refers to the idea that knowledge comes from experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epistemology 
B)  Empiricism 
C)  Rationalism 
D)  Materialism 
A)  Epistemology 
B)  Empiricism 
C)  Rationalism 
D)  Materialism

Question 8

An example of qualitative data would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  Scores on weekly spelling tests 
B)  Responses on open-ended interviews 
C)  The number of words a first grader read in a minute 
D)  An individual's IQ 
A)  Scores on weekly spelling tests 
B)  Responses on open-ended interviews 
C)  The number of words a first grader read in a minute 
D)  An individual's IQ

Question 9

Another name for critical theory research is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Evaluation research 
B)  Orientational research 
C)  Applied research 
D)  Basic research 
A)  Evaluation research 
B)  Orientational research 
C)  Applied research 
D)  Basic research

Question 10

Dr. Ellis read a study about improving reading skills in elementary school students. Using the teaching techniques and assessments used in the article, she conducted another study at five local elementary schools to see if she too could improve students' reading skills. Dr. Ellis' study is:

Accepted Answer

A)  A needs assessment. 
B)  A replication. 
C)  Basic research. 
D)  A formative evaluation 
A)  A needs assessment. 
B)  A replication. 
C)  Basic research. 
D)  A formative evaluation

Question 11

According to the book, when you engage in inductive reasoning, you are also using:

Accepted Answer

A)  Deductive reasoning 
B)  Quantitative reasoning 
C)  Moral reasoning 
D)  Probabilistic reasoning 
A)  Deductive reasoning 
B)  Quantitative reasoning 
C)  Moral reasoning 
D)  Probabilistic reasoning

Question 12

Which position says that knowledge comes from experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rationalism 
B)  Empiricism 
C)  Innatisim 
D)  Nativism 
A)  Rationalism 
B)  Empiricism 
C)  Innatisim 
D)  Nativism

Question 13

Define theory and explain its role in educational research.

Accepted Answer

A theory is an explanation or explanator

Question 14

A(n) _____ is a brief summary of what is in an article.

Accepted Answer

A)  Research evaluation 
B)  Abstract 
C)  Project description 
D)  Article review 
A)  Research evaluation 
B)  Abstract 
C)  Project description 
D)  Article review

Question 15

Test scores are typically considered what type of data:

Accepted Answer

A)  Parsimonious 
B)  Error-free 
C)  Qualitative 
D)  Quantitative 
A)  Parsimonious 
B)  Error-free 
C)  Qualitative 
D)  Quantitative

Question 16

What is the principle of evidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Research proves theories 
B)  Research produces deductive truth 
C)  Research provides evidence, not proof 
D)  Research provides information and it is up to the researcher to decide if the information proves his or her theory 
A)  Research proves theories 
B)  Research produces deductive truth 
C)  Research provides evidence, not proof 
D)  Research provides information and it is up to the researcher to decide if the information proves his or her theory

Question 17

List the six objectives of educational research and provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

1. To understand the learning process: E

Question 18

Once a researcher has completed the initial search of literature and generated a hypothesis, the purpose of the research is to prove that the hypothesis is true.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Applied research that is focused on solving local problems is also known as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Orientational research 
B)  Action research 
C)  Basic research 
D)  Predictive research 
A)  Orientational research 
B)  Action research 
C)  Basic research 
D)  Predictive research

Question 20

Compare and contrast qualitative and quantitative researchers.

Accepted Answer

A quantitative researcher is someone who

Exam 1: Introduction to Educational Research

Which approach to reasoning goes "from the particular to the general"?

Describe the objectives of educational research.

Replication is a way to evaluate the quality of a theory or finding.

At the end of the school year, students in Head Start are tested to see what gains have been made during the year. This is an example of:

A researcher is interested in the viewpoints of transgender students in schools so he designs a research study to investigate this topic. This study will meet which objective of educational research?

Which statement best represents the Karl Popper's criterion of falsifiability?

Which of the following concepts specifically refers to the idea that knowledge comes from experience?

An example of qualitative data would be:

Another name for critical theory research is:

Dr. Ellis read a study about improving reading skills in elementary school students. Using the teaching techniques and assessments used in the article, she conducted another study at five local elementary schools to see if she too could improve students' reading skills. Dr. Ellis' study is:

According to the book, when you engage in inductive reasoning, you are also using:

Which position says that knowledge comes from experience?

Define theory and explain its role in educational research.

A(n) _____ is a brief summary of what is in an article.

Test scores are typically considered what type of data:

What is the principle of evidence?

List the six objectives of educational research and provide an example of each.

Once a researcher has completed the initial search of literature and generated a hypothesis, the purpose of the research is to prove that the hypothesis is true.

Applied research that is focused on solving local problems is also known as which of the following?

Compare and contrast qualitative and quantitative researchers.

Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Action Research for Lifelong Learning

How to Review the Literature and Develop Research Questions

How to Write a Research Proposal

Research Ethics

Standardized Measurement and Assessment

How to Construct a Questionnaire

Methods of Data Collection

Sampling in Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Validity of Research Results in Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Experimental Research: Weak and Strong Designs

Experimental Research: Quasi and Single-Case Designs

Nonexperimental Quantitative Research

Narrative Inquiry and Case Study Research

Phenomenology, Ethnography, and Grounded Theory

Mixed Research

Descriptive Statistics

Inferential Statistics

Data Analysis in Qualitative and Mixed Research

How to Prepare a Research Report and Use Apa Style Guidelines

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