Question 1

Severe depression occurs when individuals attribute their failure to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) external,situational,and specific factors 
B) internal,global,and stable factors 
C) internal,situational,and specific factors 
D) external,situational,and global factors 
A) external,situational,and specific factors 
B) internal,global,and stable factors 
C) internal,situational,and specific factors 
D) external,situational,and global factors

Question 2

Jack has recently graduated college and is applying for jobs.However,nothing he seems to do helps him get a new job.Now Jack has begun to believe that he can do nothing to get a job and that his life cannot be controlled by his behavior.Jack is experiencing ______.

Accepted Answer

A) situational awareness 
B) learned autonomy 
C) learned helplessness 
D) learned irrelevance 
A) situational awareness 
B) learned autonomy 
C) learned helplessness 
D) learned irrelevance

Question 3

Joe believes that external forces determine his success or failure.This is an example of an ______.

Accepted Answer

A) global attribution 
B) external attribution 
C) specific attribution 
D) creational attribution 
A) global attribution 
B) external attribution 
C) specific attribution 
D) creational attribution

Question 4

Dickinson contends that Pavlovian conditioning is based on ______,while operant conditioning is based on ______.

Accepted Answer

A) behavior-belief representation; associative-link expectancy 
B) a CS-CR association; response-reinforcement 
C) a CS-UCR association; response contingency 
D) a CS-UCS associative link; behavior-reinforcer belief 
A) behavior-belief representation; associative-link expectancy 
B) a CS-CR association; response-reinforcement 
C) a CS-UCR association; response contingency 
D) a CS-UCS associative link; behavior-reinforcer belief

Question 5

Concept learning occurs through ______.

Accepted Answer

A) associative learning only 
B) hypothesis testing only 
C) situational testing only 
D) associative and hypothesis testing 
A) associative learning only 
B) hypothesis testing only 
C) situational testing only 
D) associative and hypothesis testing

Question 6

Tina has suffered many rejections lately.Nothing she seems to do prevents those rejections,and now she has begun to believe that events in her life cannot be controlled by her behavior.According to Seligman,the expectation that life events cannot be controlled is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) learned optimism 
B) learned irrelevance 
C) learned helplessness 
D) learned autonomy 
A) learned optimism 
B) learned irrelevance 
C) learned helplessness 
D) learned autonomy

Question 7

The ______ plays a critical role in associating environmental events with food and the establishment of behavior-food reinforcement outcome representations.

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus 
B) basal ganglia 
C) basolateral amygdala 
D) thalamus 
A) hypothalamus 
B) basal ganglia 
C) basolateral amygdala 
D) thalamus

Question 8

According to Dickinson,______ is (are)initially under the control of behavior-reinforcement beliefs.However,with more training,S-R ______ develop and control behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) operant behavior; habits 
B) Pavlovian conditioning; contingencies 
C) habits; contingencies 
D) operant behavior; expectancies 
A) operant behavior; habits 
B) Pavlovian conditioning; contingencies 
C) habits; contingencies 
D) operant behavior; expectancies

Question 9

An expectation is defined as ______.

Accepted Answer

A) a stimulus-response association that is strengthened by reward 
B) a response-reinforcement association developed through operant conditioning 
C) a mental representation of event contingencies 
D) the ability to perceive the intentions of others 
A) a stimulus-response association that is strengthened by reward 
B) a response-reinforcement association developed through operant conditioning 
C) a mental representation of event contingencies 
D) the ability to perceive the intentions of others

Question 10

Sarah has always cut her hair at Stephan's hair salon because the hairdressers are excellent.Sarah has come to expect an exceptionally good haircut each time she visits Stephan's.This is an example of Dickinson's ______ expectation.

Accepted Answer

A) behavior-reinforcer belief 
B) primary reinforcer belief 
C) associative-link 
D) S-R associative status 
A) behavior-reinforcer belief 
B) primary reinforcer belief 
C) associative-link 
D) S-R associative status

Question 11

______ defines which objects or events are examples of a concept.

Accepted Answer

A) Attributes 
B) Rules 
C) Associations 
D) Expectations 
A) Attributes 
B) Rules 
C) Associations 
D) Expectations

Question 12

When a person sees the McDonald's Golden Arches,they immediately think of a Big Mac.This is an example of a ______.

Accepted Answer

A) behavior-reinforcement belief 
B) associative-link expectancy 
C) latent learning 
D) anticipatory concept learning 
A) behavior-reinforcement belief 
B) associative-link expectancy 
C) latent learning 
D) anticipatory concept learning

Question 13

Rizley demonstrated that depressed individuals attribute their failure to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) external factors such as prejudice 
B) external factors such as luck 
C) internal factors such as lack of effort 
D) outside factors that are independent of their effort 
A) external factors such as prejudice 
B) external factors such as luck 
C) internal factors such as lack of effort 
D) outside factors that are independent of their effort

Question 14

Which is not a causal attribution or explanations of failure for Seligman?

Accepted Answer

A) personal-universal 
B) global-specific 
C) stable-unstable 
D) personal-global 
A) personal-universal 
B) global-specific 
C) stable-unstable 
D) personal-global

Question 15

According to Dickinson,expectations containing information about the consequences of a specific action are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) behavior accommodation 
B) means-end-readiness 
C) a behavior-reinforcer belief 
D) experience-based behavior 
A) behavior accommodation 
B) means-end-readiness 
C) a behavior-reinforcer belief 
D) experience-based behavior

Question 16

For Tolman,______.

Accepted Answer

A) behavior was goal oriented 
B) behavior was due to an S-R association 
C) behavior reflects an automatic response to an environmental event 
D) none of these are correct 
A) behavior was goal oriented 
B) behavior was due to an S-R association 
C) behavior reflects an automatic response to an environmental event 
D) none of these are correct

Question 17

First define what is a concept.Then discuss concept attributes and rules.

Accepted Answer

A concept is a symbol that represents a

Question 18

Cognition refers to an animal or person's knowledge of the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The control of response by habit rather than by expectation is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) irrelevant expectancy 
B) reinforcer devaluation 
C) behavioral autonomy 
D) operant reinforcer contingency 
A) irrelevant expectancy 
B) reinforcer devaluation 
C) behavioral autonomy 
D) operant reinforcer contingency

Question 20

A person will become depressed if they attribute their rejection on a date to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) internal,unstable,specific factors 
B) external,stable,global factors 
C) internal,stable,global factors 
D) internal,global,specific factors 
A) internal,unstable,specific factors 
B) external,stable,global factors 
C) internal,stable,global factors 
D) internal,global,specific factors

Severe depression occurs when individuals attribute their failure to ______.

Jack has recently graduated college and is applying for jobs.However,nothing he seems to do helps him get a new job.Now Jack has begun to believe that he can do nothing to get a job and that his life cannot be controlled by his behavior.Jack is experiencing ______.

Joe believes that external forces determine his success or failure.This is an example of an ______.

Dickinson contends that Pavlovian conditioning is based on ,while operant conditioning is based on .

Concept learning occurs through ______.

Tina has suffered many rejections lately.Nothing she seems to do prevents those rejections,and now she has begun to believe that events in her life cannot be controlled by her behavior.According to Seligman,the expectation that life events cannot be controlled is called ______.

The ______ plays a critical role in associating environmental events with food and the establishment of behavior-food reinforcement outcome representations.

According to Dickinson, is (are)initially under the control of behavior-reinforcement beliefs.However,with more training,S-R develop and control behavior.

An expectation is defined as ______.

Sarah has always cut her hair at Stephan's hair salon because the hairdressers are excellent.Sarah has come to expect an exceptionally good haircut each time she visits Stephan's.This is an example of Dickinson's ______ expectation.

______ defines which objects or events are examples of a concept.

When a person sees the McDonald's Golden Arches,they immediately think of a Big Mac.This is an example of a ______.

Rizley demonstrated that depressed individuals attribute their failure to ______.

Which is not a causal attribution or explanations of failure for Seligman?

According to Dickinson,expectations containing information about the consequences of a specific action are called ______.

For Tolman,______.

First define what is a concept.Then discuss concept attributes and rules.

Cognition refers to an animal or person's knowledge of the environment.

The control of response by habit rather than by expectation is called ______.

A person will become depressed if they attribute their rejection on a date to ______.

An Introduction to Learning

The Modification of Instinctive Behavior

Principles and Applications of Pavlovian Conditioning

Theories of Pavlovian Conditioning

Principles and Applications of Appetitive Conditioning

Principles and Applications of Aversive Conditioning

Theories of Appetitive and Aversive Conditioning

Biological Influences on Learning

Traditional Learning Theories

Stimulus Control of Behavior

The Storage of Our Experiences

Memory Retrieval and Forgetting

Filters

Exam 11: Cognitive Control of Behavior

Severe depression occurs when individuals attribute their failure to ______.

Jack has recently graduated college and is applying for jobs.However,nothing he seems to do helps him get a new job.Now Jack has begun to believe that he can do nothing to get a job and that his life cannot be controlled by his behavior.Jack is experiencing ______.

Joe believes that external forces determine his success or failure.This is an example of an ______.

Dickinson contends that Pavlovian conditioning is based on ______,while operant conditioning is based on ______.

Concept learning occurs through ______.

Tina has suffered many rejections lately.Nothing she seems to do prevents those rejections,and now she has begun to believe that events in her life cannot be controlled by her behavior.According to Seligman,the expectation that life events cannot be controlled is called ______.

The ______ plays a critical role in associating environmental events with food and the establishment of behavior-food reinforcement outcome representations.

According to Dickinson,______ is (are)initially under the control of behavior-reinforcement beliefs.However,with more training,S-R ______ develop and control behavior.

An expectation is defined as ______.

Sarah has always cut her hair at Stephan's hair salon because the hairdressers are excellent.Sarah has come to expect an exceptionally good haircut each time she visits Stephan's.This is an example of Dickinson's ______ expectation.

______ defines which objects or events are examples of a concept.

When a person sees the McDonald's Golden Arches,they immediately think of a Big Mac.This is an example of a ______.

Rizley demonstrated that depressed individuals attribute their failure to ______.

Which is not a causal attribution or explanations of failure for Seligman?

According to Dickinson,expectations containing information about the consequences of a specific action are called ______.

For Tolman,______.

First define what is a concept.Then discuss concept attributes and rules.

Cognition refers to an animal or person's knowledge of the environment.

The control of response by habit rather than by expectation is called ______.

A person will become depressed if they attribute their rejection on a date to ______.

An Introduction to Learning

The Modification of Instinctive Behavior

Principles and Applications of Pavlovian Conditioning

Theories of Pavlovian Conditioning

Principles and Applications of Appetitive Conditioning

Principles and Applications of Aversive Conditioning

Theories of Appetitive and Aversive Conditioning

Biological Influences on Learning

Traditional Learning Theories

Stimulus Control of Behavior

The Storage of Our Experiences

Memory Retrieval and Forgetting

Filters

Dickinson contends that Pavlovian conditioning is based on ,while operant conditioning is based on .

According to Dickinson, is (are)initially under the control of behavior-reinforcement beliefs.However,with more training,S-R develop and control behavior.