Question 1

Sweating and shivering are necessary adaptations because

Accepted Answer

A)  all parts of the body must remain at normal body temperature to maintain life. 
B)  the health of vital organs requires a near-normal temperature, and metabolic rate fluctuates with changes in the environment. 
C)  to ensure that total metabolic rate remains constant, the body generates or releases heat as needed. 
D)  proteins rapidly denature when tissue temperature drops below 98.5°F. 
A)  all parts of the body must remain at normal body temperature to maintain life. 
B)  the health of vital organs requires a near-normal temperature, and metabolic rate fluctuates with changes in the environment. 
C)  to ensure that total metabolic rate remains constant, the body generates or releases heat as needed. 
D)  proteins rapidly denature when tissue temperature drops below 98.5°F. B

Question 2

Gram for gram, the largest amount of energy can be stored in the body in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamins. 
B)  steroids. 
C)  triglycerides. 
D)  monosaccharides. 
E)  polysaccharides. 
A)  vitamins. 
B)  steroids. 
C)  triglycerides. 
D)  monosaccharides. 
E)  polysaccharides. C

Question 3

Muscle cramps are associated with a deficiency in

Accepted Answer

A)  copper. 
B)  chloride. 
C)  vitamin A. 
D)  monosaccharides. 
A)  copper. 
B)  chloride. 
C)  vitamin A. 
D)  monosaccharides. B

Question 4

Glucagon stimulates the liver to form glycogen from glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

One of the products of triglyceride breakdown is glycerol; glycerol enters the cellular respiration pathway by being converted to glucose (in the liver) and then undergoing glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Whenever an amino acid is used for cellular respiration, it enters the pathway at the intermediate stage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Lacto-ovo vegetarians do not eat animal flesh,

Accepted Answer

A)  nor do they eat milk, eggs, or cheese. 
B)  but do eat milk, eggs, and cheese. 
A)  nor do they eat milk, eggs, or cheese. 
B)  but do eat milk, eggs, and cheese.

Question 8

Negative nitrogen balance is commonly seen in individuals who

Accepted Answer

A)  are pregnant or growing. 
B)  have lost blood or are malnourished. 
A)  are pregnant or growing. 
B)  have lost blood or are malnourished.

Question 9

Milk is a source of lactose, which is a

Accepted Answer

A)  lipid. 
B)  carbohydrate. 
C)  protein. 
D)  vitamin. 
A)  lipid. 
B)  carbohydrate. 
C)  protein. 
D)  vitamin.

Question 10

Essential amino acids are so physiologically important that the body can synthesize them by modifying other (nonessential) amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are associated with the tranport of lipid from the

Accepted Answer

A)  liver to peripheral tissues. 
B)  peripheral tissues to the liver. 
A)  liver to peripheral tissues. 
B)  peripheral tissues to the liver.

Question 12

A nonessential amino acid is one that

Accepted Answer

A)  is not used in any physiological functions. 
B)  can be made within the body. 
C)  has the same structure as one of the other amino acids. 
D)  needs to come from the diet. 
A)  is not used in any physiological functions. 
B)  can be made within the body. 
C)  has the same structure as one of the other amino acids. 
D)  needs to come from the diet.

Question 13

Explain how the ability to interconvert nutrients is beneficial.

Accepted Answer

Interconversion allows the body to produ

Question 14

Protein is a macronutrient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

During the absorptive state, insulin release is

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibited. 
B)  stimulated. 
A)  inhibited. 
B)  stimulated.

Question 16

The liver serves as a storage site for vitamin A and vitamin D.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Beta oxidation is a step in the synthesis of cholesterol that involves

Accepted Answer

A)  closing of a linear fatty acid chain into a steroid loop. 
B)  breakdown of fatty acids into two-carbon units to form acetyl CoA. 
C)  synthesis of bile salts from precursor lipids. 
D)  absorption of micelles from the small intestine. 
A)  closing of a linear fatty acid chain into a steroid loop. 
B)  breakdown of fatty acids into two-carbon units to form acetyl CoA. 
C)  synthesis of bile salts from precursor lipids. 
D)  absorption of micelles from the small intestine.

Question 18

When fatty acids are metabolized for cellular respiration, the first step involves breaking two carbons off the chain at a time to form acetyl CoA molecules. Acetyl CoA then

Accepted Answer

A)  undergoes glycolysis. 
B)  enters the citric acid cycle. 
C)  begins the electron transport chain. 
D)  is converted to pyruvate and lactate. 
A)  undergoes glycolysis. 
B)  enters the citric acid cycle. 
C)  begins the electron transport chain. 
D)  is converted to pyruvate and lactate.

Question 19

One of the ultimate effects of insulin is to stimulate protein synthesis within cells of the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Simple sugars are carbohydrates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 27: Nutrition and Metabolism

Sweating and shivering are necessary adaptations because

Gram for gram, the largest amount of energy can be stored in the body in the form of

Muscle cramps are associated with a deficiency in

Glucagon stimulates the liver to form glycogen from glucose.

One of the products of triglyceride breakdown is glycerol; glycerol enters the cellular respiration pathway by being converted to glucose (in the liver) and then undergoing glycolysis.

Whenever an amino acid is used for cellular respiration, it enters the pathway at the intermediate stage.

Lacto-ovo vegetarians do not eat animal flesh,

Negative nitrogen balance is commonly seen in individuals who

Milk is a source of lactose, which is a

Essential amino acids are so physiologically important that the body can synthesize them by modifying other (nonessential) amino acids.

High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are associated with the tranport of lipid from the

A nonessential amino acid is one that

Explain how the ability to interconvert nutrients is beneficial.

Protein is a macronutrient.

During the absorptive state, insulin release is

The liver serves as a storage site for vitamin A and vitamin D.

Beta oxidation is a step in the synthesis of cholesterol that involves

When fatty acids are metabolized for cellular respiration, the first step involves breaking two carbons off the chain at a time to form acetyl CoA molecules. Acetyl CoA then

One of the ultimate effects of insulin is to stimulate protein synthesis within cells of the body.

Simple sugars are carbohydrates.

The Sciences of Anatomy and Physiology

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

Energy, Chemical Reactions, and Cellular Respiration

Biology of the Cell

Tissue Organization

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function

Skeletal System: Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

Skeletal System: Articulations

Muscle Tissue

Muscular System: Axial and Appendicular Muscles

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue

Nervous System: Brain and Cranial Nerves

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

Nervous System: Senses

Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: Heart

Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System

Immune System and the Bodys Defense

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Fluid and Electrolytes

Digestive System

Reproductive System

Development, Pregnancy, and Heredity

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