Question 1

Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many flagella. 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli. 
C)  distal convoluted tubule, where cells have many flagella. 
D)  distal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli. 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many flagella. 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli. 
C)  distal convoluted tubule, where cells have many flagella. 
D)  distal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli. B

Question 2

The proximal convoluted tubule is lined with a

Accepted Answer

A)  cuboidal epithelium with a large surface area. 
B)  simple columnar epithelium with a slick smooth surface. 
C)  stratified squamous epithelium with a large surface area. 
D)  stratified squamous epithelium with a tough, durable surface. 
E)  simple squamous endothelium that makes a slick surface. 
A)  cuboidal epithelium with a large surface area. 
B)  simple columnar epithelium with a slick smooth surface. 
C)  stratified squamous epithelium with a large surface area. 
D)  stratified squamous epithelium with a tough, durable surface. 
E)  simple squamous endothelium that makes a slick surface. A

Question 3

Autonomic innervation of the kidney includes

Accepted Answer

A)  Cranial Nerve V and sympathetic nerves from T1-T2. 
B)  Cranial Nerve V and sympathetic nerves from T10-T12. 
C)  Cranial Nerve X and sympathetic nerves from T1-T2. 
D)  Cranial Nerve X and sympathetic nerves from T10-T12. 
A)  Cranial Nerve V and sympathetic nerves from T1-T2. 
B)  Cranial Nerve V and sympathetic nerves from T10-T12. 
C)  Cranial Nerve X and sympathetic nerves from T1-T2. 
D)  Cranial Nerve X and sympathetic nerves from T10-T12. D

Question 4

Urine passes from the renal papilla into a

Accepted Answer

A)  major calyx, then to a minor calyx, then to a ureter. 
B)  minor calyx, then to a major calyx, then to the renal pelvis. 
C)  ureter, then to a minor calyx, then to a major calyx. 
D)  renal pelvis, then to a major calyx, then to a ureter. 
E)  collecting duct, then to a minor calyx, then to a major calyx. 
A)  major calyx, then to a minor calyx, then to a ureter. 
B)  minor calyx, then to a major calyx, then to the renal pelvis. 
C)  ureter, then to a minor calyx, then to a major calyx. 
D)  renal pelvis, then to a major calyx, then to a ureter. 
E)  collecting duct, then to a minor calyx, then to a major calyx.

Question 5

Substances that move through epithelial cells for reabsorption are said to undergo transcellular transport.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

ANP is a hormone that causes

Accepted Answer

A)  constriction of the afferent arterioles and release of renin. 
B)  constriction of the afferent arterioles and inhibition of renin release. 
C)  dilation of the afferent arterioles and release of renin. 
D)  dilation of the afferent arterioles and inhibition of renin release. 
A)  constriction of the afferent arterioles and release of renin. 
B)  constriction of the afferent arterioles and inhibition of renin release. 
C)  dilation of the afferent arterioles and release of renin. 
D)  dilation of the afferent arterioles and inhibition of renin release.

Question 7

Sympathetic fibers inhibit micturition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Someone with a diet that is high in vegetables but low in animal protein is likely to have very active

Accepted Answer

A)  type A cells, which secrete HCO3- and reabsorb H+. 
B)  type A cells, which reabsorb HCO3- and secrete H+. 
C)  type B cells, which secrete HCO3- and reabsorb H+. 
D)  type B cells, which reabsorb HCO3- and secrete H+. 
A)  type A cells, which secrete HCO3- and reabsorb H+. 
B)  type A cells, which reabsorb HCO3- and secrete H+. 
C)  type B cells, which secrete HCO3- and reabsorb H+. 
D)  type B cells, which reabsorb HCO3- and secrete H+.

Question 9

Which layer is not found in the wall of the ureter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adventitia 
B)  Muscularis 
C)  Mucosa 
D)  Submucosa 
A)  Adventitia 
B)  Muscularis 
C)  Mucosa 
D)  Submucosa

Question 10

What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bladder, urethra, kidney, ureter 
B)  Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra 
C)  Kidney, urethra, bladder, ureter 
D)  Kidney, bladder, ureter, urethra 
E)  Urethra, bladder, kidney, ureter 
A)  Bladder, urethra, kidney, ureter 
B)  Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra 
C)  Kidney, urethra, bladder, ureter 
D)  Kidney, bladder, ureter, urethra 
E)  Urethra, bladder, kidney, ureter

Question 11

Fluid contained within a minor calyx is called urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Sympathetic axons innervate the afferent and efferent arterioles of the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

To measure GFR, an individual's urine is examined for the concentration of a test substance that they received by injection. How is that test substance treated by the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is filtered, reabsorbed, and excreted, but it is not secreted. 
B)  It is neither filtered nor reabsorbed, but it is secreted. 
C)  It is filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted. 
D)  It is filtered and secreted, but not reabsorbed. 
E)  It is not filtered, but it is secreted and reabsorbed. 
A)  It is filtered, reabsorbed, and excreted, but it is not secreted. 
B)  It is neither filtered nor reabsorbed, but it is secreted. 
C)  It is filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted. 
D)  It is filtered and secreted, but not reabsorbed. 
E)  It is not filtered, but it is secreted and reabsorbed.

Question 14

Generally, a very ________ percent of Na+ in the tubular fluid is reabsorbed, and the reabsorption takes place ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  high; only in the nephron loop 
B)  high; along the entire tubule 
C)  small; only in the nephron loop 
D)  small; along the entire tubule 
A)  high; only in the nephron loop 
B)  high; along the entire tubule 
C)  small; only in the nephron loop 
D)  small; along the entire tubule

Question 15

From innermost to outermost, the protective layers on the kidney are the

Accepted Answer

A)  fibrous capsule, perinephric fat, renal fascia, paranephric fat. 
B)  renal corpuscle, perinephric fat, renal fascia, paranephric fat. 
C)  renal fascia, paranephric fat, renal corpuscle, perinephric fat. 
D)  renal fascia, perinephric fat, fibrous capsule, paranephric fat. 
E)  fibrous capsule, paranephric fat, renal fascia, perinephric fat. 
A)  fibrous capsule, perinephric fat, renal fascia, paranephric fat. 
B)  renal corpuscle, perinephric fat, renal fascia, paranephric fat. 
C)  renal fascia, paranephric fat, renal corpuscle, perinephric fat. 
D)  renal fascia, perinephric fat, fibrous capsule, paranephric fat. 
E)  fibrous capsule, paranephric fat, renal fascia, perinephric fat.

Question 16

Fluid contained within the lumen of a nephron loop is called

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma. 
B)  tubular fluid. 
C)  filtrate. 
D)  urine. 
A)  plasma. 
B)  tubular fluid. 
C)  filtrate. 
D)  urine.

Question 17

The basement membrane of the glomerulus is composed of glycoproteins and ________, and it restricts the passage of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  phospholipids; plasma ions 
B)  phospholipids; plasma proteins 
C)  proteoglycans; plasma ions 
D)  proteoglycans; plasma proteins 
A)  phospholipids; plasma ions 
B)  phospholipids; plasma proteins 
C)  proteoglycans; plasma ions 
D)  proteoglycans; plasma proteins

Question 18

Peptides such as angiotensin are reabsorbed by means of phagocytosis by tubule wall cells. The peptide is then transported back to the blood as a functional molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Normal urine has a specific gravity that is ________ than the specific gravity of pure water; dehydration leads to a ________ in the specific gravity of urine.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher; increase 
B)  higher; decrease 
C)  lower; decrease 
D)  lower; increase 
A)  higher; increase 
B)  higher; decrease 
C)  lower; decrease 
D)  lower; increase

Question 20

The higher the concentration of a substance in the blood, the greater its transport maximum is.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 24: Urinary System

Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the

The proximal convoluted tubule is lined with a

Autonomic innervation of the kidney includes

Urine passes from the renal papilla into a

Substances that move through epithelial cells for reabsorption are said to undergo transcellular transport.

ANP is a hormone that causes

Sympathetic fibers inhibit micturition.

Someone with a diet that is high in vegetables but low in animal protein is likely to have very active

Which layer is not found in the wall of the ureter?

What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine?

Fluid contained within a minor calyx is called urine.

Sympathetic axons innervate the afferent and efferent arterioles of the kidneys.

To measure GFR, an individual's urine is examined for the concentration of a test substance that they received by injection. How is that test substance treated by the kidney?

Generally, a very ________ percent of Na+ in the tubular fluid is reabsorbed, and the reabsorption takes place ________.

From innermost to outermost, the protective layers on the kidney are the

Fluid contained within the lumen of a nephron loop is called

The basement membrane of the glomerulus is composed of glycoproteins and ________, and it restricts the passage of ________.

Peptides such as angiotensin are reabsorbed by means of phagocytosis by tubule wall cells. The peptide is then transported back to the blood as a functional molecule.

Normal urine has a specific gravity that is ________ than the specific gravity of pure water; dehydration leads to a ________ in the specific gravity of urine.

The higher the concentration of a substance in the blood, the greater its transport maximum is.

The Sciences of Anatomy and Physiology

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

Energy, Chemical Reactions, and Cellular Respiration

Biology of the Cell

Tissue Organization

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function

Skeletal System: Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

Skeletal System: Articulations

Muscle Tissue

Muscular System: Axial and Appendicular Muscles

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue

Nervous System: Brain and Cranial Nerves

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

Nervous System: Senses

Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: Heart

Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System

Immune System and the Bodys Defense

Respiratory System

Fluid and Electrolytes

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Reproductive System

Development, Pregnancy, and Heredity

Filters

Generally, a very percent of Na⁺ in the tubular fluid is reabsorbed, and the reabsorption takes place .

The basement membrane of the glomerulus is composed of glycoproteins and , and it restricts the passage of .

Normal urine has a specific gravity that is than the specific gravity of pure water; dehydration leads to a in the specific gravity of urine.