Exam 2: Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

Two atoms that have the same chemical characteristics but different atomic masses are considered ________.

When dehydration synthesis occurs between two amino acids, a covalent bond called a ________ bond forms between them.

The higher the concentration of H⁺ is, the lower the pH is.

Which of the following is not one of the four most common elements in the body?

Water has a

An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has

When diagramming an atom, how many electrons can fit in each of the shells beyond the innermost shell?

Compared to a solution with a pH of 7, a solution with a pH of 4 is

A covalent bond forms when both atoms require electrons to become stable.

Water contains two hydrogen atoms bound to one oxygen atom; "H₂O" is therefore water's

On the periodic table, beryllium sits above magnesium and to the right of lithium. Given that magnesium has two electrons in its outer shell and lithium has one, how many electrons would you predict beryllium has in its outer shell?

Phospholipids are described as

When water mixtures are formed, the components are chemically altered and the new molecular bonds can be separated only by chemical means.

An element's atomic number is determined by the number of ________ in one atom of that element.

Surfactant is necessary to prevent collapse of the alveoli in the lung because in its absence, water molecules

A hydroxide ion carries a negative charge.

A molecule with polar and nonpolar parts that only partially dissolves in water is described as ________.

Polar R groups of closely positioned amino acids often enter into ________ with each other, which helps give a protein its three-dimensional shape.

Phosphate ions are common cations within the body.

RNA is