Exam 22: Immune System and the Bodys Defense

Select all that occur as a result of inflammation. A) Destruction of pathogens B) Remove cellular debris C) Allow for tissue repair D) Limiting the spread of an infectious agent

What are the five main classes of immunoglobulins found in humans?

Most activated B-lymphocytes differentiate into

An individual gets a snake bite and goes to the hospital to receive antibodies against the venom. This individual is acquiring

Which type of antibody is formed in response to parasitic infections and allergies, and has the effect of activating mast cells and basophils?

Negative selection is the process by which cells learn self-tolerance.

A membrane attack complex is a protein grouping that

Describe the structure of an antibody. What type of molecule is it? What is its shape, how many parts does it have, and how do the parts differ?

Vaccines are effective because they

The second signal during cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activation involves stimulation of the cell by interleukin 2 released by helper T-lymphocytes.

Which cell type is targeted by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

The site of infection is the location at which lymphocytes

In addition to creating a physical barrier to pathogen entry, mucus contains antimicrobial substances such as IgA.

Complement facilitates inflammation by activating basophils and mast cells and by attracting macrophages and neutrophils.

Over their life span, plasma cells produce hundreds of millions of antibodies against one specific antigen.

The first signal during helper T-lymphocyte activation involves

Elevated antibody production during a primary response generally lasts for months or years, whereas antibody production in secondary responses decreases to baseline level generally within a couple of weeks.

Opsonization involves

When they leave the red marrow, pre-T-lymphocytes have

Exudate formation delivers substances to eliminate injurious agents, and the resulting increase in interstitial hydrostatic pressure leads to increased fluid uptake by lymphatic capillaries.