Question 1

Which is false regarding bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs throughout life. 
B)  It assists in the maintenance of calcium and phosphate levels in the body. 
C)  It occurs at both the endosteal and periosteal surfaces of the bone. 
D)  It occurs only at articular surfaces. 
E)  It can occur in response to stress on a bone. 
A)  It occurs throughout life. 
B)  It assists in the maintenance of calcium and phosphate levels in the body. 
C)  It occurs at both the endosteal and periosteal surfaces of the bone. 
D)  It occurs only at articular surfaces. 
E)  It can occur in response to stress on a bone. D

Question 2

What is the incomplete layer of cells that covers all internal surfaces of the bone within the medullary cavity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diaphysis 
B)  Epiphysis 
C)  Endosteum 
D)  Periosteum 
E)  Trabecula 
A)  Diaphysis 
B)  Epiphysis 
C)  Endosteum 
D)  Periosteum 
E)  Trabecula C

Question 3

The shaft of a long bone is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

diaphysis

Question 4

Bone is ________ and contains mainly ________ nerves.

Accepted Answer

A)  avascular; sensory 
B)  avascular; motor 
C)  highly vascularized; sensory 
D)  highly vascularized; motor 
A)  avascular; sensory 
B)  avascular; motor 
C)  highly vascularized; sensory 
D)  highly vascularized; motor

Question 5

About 80% of the human skeleton is replaced yearly as a result of bone remodeling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Parathyroid hormone and calcitriol

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate osteoclasts to resorb bone and release calcium into the blood. 
B)  stimulate osteoblasts to deposit bone by producing calcified matrix. 
C)  stimulate osteoblasts to resorb bone and lower blood calcium levels. 
D)  stimulate osteoclasts to move calcium from the blood and into the bone. 
A)  stimulate osteoclasts to resorb bone and release calcium into the blood. 
B)  stimulate osteoblasts to deposit bone by producing calcified matrix. 
C)  stimulate osteoblasts to resorb bone and lower blood calcium levels. 
D)  stimulate osteoclasts to move calcium from the blood and into the bone.

Question 7

In compact bone, ________ connect adjacent lacunae, thereby providing pathways for nutrients and other materials to pass between osteocytes.

Accepted Answer

A)  osteonic canals 
B)  blood vessels 
C)  lamellae 
D)  canaliculi 
E)  perforating canals 
A)  osteonic canals 
B)  blood vessels 
C)  lamellae 
D)  canaliculi 
E)  perforating canals

Question 8

Osteons are also called ________ systems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Osteons are also called ________ systems....

Question 9

Which choice places the steps of intramembranous ossification in correct chronological order?
A: Formation of lamellar bone
B: Osteoid undergoes calcification
C: Ossification centers form
D: Formation of woven bone and its periosteum

Accepted Answer

A)  b - a - c - d 
B)  c - b - d - a 
C)  c - b - a - d 
D)  a - c - d - b 
E)  b - c - d - a 
A)  b - a - c - d 
B)  c - b - d - a 
C)  c - b - a - d 
D)  a - c - d - b 
E)  b - c - d - a

Question 10

Which hormone inhibits bone growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcitonin 
B)  Estrogen and testosterone 
C)  Thyroid hormone 
D)  Parathyroid hormone 
E)  Growth hormone 
A)  Calcitonin 
B)  Estrogen and testosterone 
C)  Thyroid hormone 
D)  Parathyroid hormone 
E)  Growth hormone

Question 11

The process of bone repair includes these steps:
A: Fracture hematoma forms
B: Bone is remodeled
C: Fibrocartilaginous callus forms
D: Bony callus forms
The correct chronological order for these steps is

Accepted Answer

A)  a - c - d - b 
B)  a - b - d - c 
C)  c - d - b - a 
D)  d - a - b - c 
E)  b - a - c - d 
A)  a - c - d - b 
B)  a - b - d - c 
C)  c - d - b - a 
D)  d - a - b - c 
E)  b - a - c - d

Question 12

Which is an alternate term for compact bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cancellous bone 
B)  Trabecular bone 
C)  Spongy bone 
D)  Diploe 
E)  Cortical bone 
A)  Cancellous bone 
B)  Trabecular bone 
C)  Spongy bone 
D)  Diploe 
E)  Cortical bone

Question 13

Spongy bone makes up less than half of total bone mass, and is located internal to compact bone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which is the definition for a greenstick fracture?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bone is twisted as it fractures. 
B)  The fracture is at right angles to the long axis of the bone. 
C)  The bone is splintered into several fragments. 
D)  Only one side of the bone is broken; the other side is bent. 
E)  The fracture is at an oblique angle to the long axis of the bone. 
A)  The bone is twisted as it fractures. 
B)  The fracture is at right angles to the long axis of the bone. 
C)  The bone is splintered into several fragments. 
D)  Only one side of the bone is broken; the other side is bent. 
E)  The fracture is at an oblique angle to the long axis of the bone.

Question 15

What is the function of cartilage located in the epiphyseal plates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Site of bone elongation and growth 
B)  Provides passageway for blood vessels 
C)  Forms articular surface 
D)  Supports soft tissues 
E)  Provides flexibility for bending 
A)  Site of bone elongation and growth 
B)  Provides passageway for blood vessels 
C)  Forms articular surface 
D)  Supports soft tissues 
E)  Provides flexibility for bending

Question 16

In adults, the medullary cavities of most long bones contain red marrow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The bones of the wrist are classified as ________ bones.

Accepted Answer

A)  long 
B)  regular 
C)  short 
D)  irregular 
E)  flat 
A)  long 
B)  regular 
C)  short 
D)  irregular 
E)  flat

Question 18

An example of a flat bone would be the

Accepted Answer

A)  femur (of thigh). 
B)  radius (of forearm). 
C)  trapezoid (of wrist). 
D)  sternum (breast bone). 
E)  calcaneus (heel). 
A)  femur (of thigh). 
B)  radius (of forearm). 
C)  trapezoid (of wrist). 
D)  sternum (breast bone). 
E)  calcaneus (heel).

Question 19

The formation of bone from a cartilaginous model is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  mesenchymal ossification. 
B)  intramembranous ossification. 
C)  bone remodeling. 
D)  orthodontia. 
E)  endochondral ossification. 
A)  mesenchymal ossification. 
B)  intramembranous ossification. 
C)  bone remodeling. 
D)  orthodontia. 
E)  endochondral ossification.

Question 20

Which region of a growing bone contains the epiphyseal plate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Distal epiphysis 
B)  Proximal epiphysis 
C)  Metaphysis 
D)  Diaphysis 
E)  Periphysis 
A)  Distal epiphysis 
B)  Proximal epiphysis 
C)  Metaphysis 
D)  Diaphysis 
E)  Periphysis

Exam 7: Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function

Which is false regarding bone remodeling?

What is the incomplete layer of cells that covers all internal surfaces of the bone within the medullary cavity?

The shaft of a long bone is called the ________.

Bone is ________ and contains mainly ________ nerves.

About 80% of the human skeleton is replaced yearly as a result of bone remodeling.

Parathyroid hormone and calcitriol

In compact bone, ________ connect adjacent lacunae, thereby providing pathways for nutrients and other materials to pass between osteocytes.

Osteons are also called ________ systems.

Which choice places the steps of intramembranous ossification in correct chronological order? A: Formation of lamellar bone B: Osteoid undergoes calcification C: Ossification centers form D: Formation of woven bone and its periosteum

Which hormone inhibits bone growth?

The process of bone repair includes these steps: A: Fracture hematoma forms B: Bone is remodeled C: Fibrocartilaginous callus forms D: Bony callus forms The correct chronological order for these steps is

Which is an alternate term for compact bone?

Spongy bone makes up less than half of total bone mass, and is located internal to compact bone.

Which is the definition for a greenstick fracture?

What is the function of cartilage located in the epiphyseal plates?

In adults, the medullary cavities of most long bones contain red marrow.

The bones of the wrist are classified as ________ bones.

An example of a flat bone would be the

The formation of bone from a cartilaginous model is termed

Which region of a growing bone contains the epiphyseal plate?

The Sciences of Anatomy and Physiology

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Bone is and contains mainly nerves.