Question 1

The term "metabolism" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  reactions involving the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones. 
B)  reactions involving the breakdown of complex molecules or the exchange of atoms between similarly sized reactants. 
C)  all the chemical reactions in the body. 
D)  reactions involving the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones. 
E)  digestive system reactions that are either catabolic or exchange reactions. 
A)  reactions involving the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones. 
B)  reactions involving the breakdown of complex molecules or the exchange of atoms between similarly sized reactants. 
C)  all the chemical reactions in the body. 
D)  reactions involving the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones. 
E)  digestive system reactions that are either catabolic or exchange reactions. C

Question 2

During decarboxylation, NAD+ is formed from NADH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Allosteric inhibitors are also called noncompetitive inhibitors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

If oxygen levels drop such that glucose metabolism becomes primarily anaerobic, then the amount of ATP produced per glucose molecule will

Accepted Answer

A)  increase slightly. 
B)  remain roughly the same. 
C)  be halved. 
D)  decrease to much less than half of what it was. 
A)  increase slightly. 
B)  remain roughly the same. 
C)  be halved. 
D)  decrease to much less than half of what it was.

Question 5

The exchange of a phosphate group between creatine phosphate and adenosine diphosphate is categorized as a catabolic (rather than anabolic) reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A large decrease in pH results in increased H+ binding to an enzyme, which can disrupt electrostatic interactions within the molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When the body's digestive system breaks down starch, a complex carbohydrate, into simpler carbohydrates, the reaction is

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolic and endergonic. 
B)  anabolic and exergonic. 
C)  catabolic and exergonic. 
D)  catabolic and endergonic. 
A)  anabolic and endergonic. 
B)  anabolic and exergonic. 
C)  catabolic and exergonic. 
D)  catabolic and endergonic.

Question 8

Fatty acids enter the cell respiration pathway at

Accepted Answer

A)  the citric acid cycle, once they have been converted to acetyl CoA. 
B)  glycolysis, once they have been converted to glucose. 
C)  electron transport chain, once they have been converted to NADH. 
D)  the intermediate stage, once they have been converted to pyruvate. 
A)  the citric acid cycle, once they have been converted to acetyl CoA. 
B)  glycolysis, once they have been converted to glucose. 
C)  electron transport chain, once they have been converted to NADH. 
D)  the intermediate stage, once they have been converted to pyruvate.

Question 9

Exergonic reactions do not require activation energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In order for a reaction to occur, energy is needed to break the bonds that already exist in the reactant molecules; that energy is called the ________ energy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order for a reaction to occur,...

Question 11

Which is a form of energy that is generally unavailable to do any work?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heat 
B)  Kinetic energy 
C)  Radiant energy 
D)  Sound energy 
E)  Mechanical energy 
A)  Heat 
B)  Kinetic energy 
C)  Radiant energy 
D)  Sound energy 
E)  Mechanical energy

Question 12

The less acidic (more basic) the environment is, the more efficient an enzyme will be.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

To prevent depletion of a substrate, the product of a metabolic pathway will

Accepted Answer

A)  turn off an enzyme early in the pathway. 
B)  catalyze its own production. 
C)  increase enzyme activity through positive feedback. 
D)  occupy the active site of an enzyme early in the pathway. 
A)  turn off an enzyme early in the pathway. 
B)  catalyze its own production. 
C)  increase enzyme activity through positive feedback. 
D)  occupy the active site of an enzyme early in the pathway.

Question 14

The sodium level inside and outside of a resting cell is an example of the

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetic energy of sodium rushing out of a cell down its concentration gradient. 
B)  kinetic energy of the large difference in sodium concentration on the inside versus the outside of the cell. 
C)  potential energy of a concentration gradient, because sodium is more abundant outside the cell. 
D)  potential energy of an electron transport chain, because sodium has an extra electron to donate. 
E)  conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy, because sodium can never move across the cell membrane and must move across its surface. 
A)  kinetic energy of sodium rushing out of a cell down its concentration gradient. 
B)  kinetic energy of the large difference in sodium concentration on the inside versus the outside of the cell. 
C)  potential energy of a concentration gradient, because sodium is more abundant outside the cell. 
D)  potential energy of an electron transport chain, because sodium has an extra electron to donate. 
E)  conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy, because sodium can never move across the cell membrane and must move across its surface.

Question 15

When one glucose molecule is fully oxidized, how many molecules of CO2 result?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6

Question 16

Glucose oxidation is exergonic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

When an enzyme catalyzing a catabolic reaction changes conformation to an induced fit with the substrate,

Accepted Answer

A)  it strengthens the chemical bonds in the enzyme so that it remains perpetually active. 
B)  it stresses chemical bonds in the substrate, making it easier to break them. 
C)  it strengthens chemical bonds in the substrate so that cofactors can act on it. 
D)  it stresses chemical bonds in the enzyme so that the enzyme breaks into two catalytic subunits. 
A)  it strengthens the chemical bonds in the enzyme so that it remains perpetually active. 
B)  it stresses chemical bonds in the substrate, making it easier to break them. 
C)  it strengthens chemical bonds in the substrate so that cofactors can act on it. 
D)  it stresses chemical bonds in the enzyme so that the enzyme breaks into two catalytic subunits.

Question 18

When NAD+ becomes NADH, it is being

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced and gaining chemical energy. 
B)  reduced and releasing chemical energy. 
C)  oxidized and gaining chemical energy. 
D)  oxidized and releasing chemical energy. 
A)  reduced and gaining chemical energy. 
B)  reduced and releasing chemical energy. 
C)  oxidized and gaining chemical energy. 
D)  oxidized and releasing chemical energy.

Question 19

During the early steps of glycolysis, glucose is converted to glucose 6-P, and then glucose 6-P is converted directly to

Accepted Answer

A)  aldolase. 
B)  fructose 6-P. 
C)  isomerase. 
D)  pyruvate. 
E)  NADH. 
A)  aldolase. 
B)  fructose 6-P. 
C)  isomerase. 
D)  pyruvate. 
E)  NADH.

Question 20

In a redox reaction, when one reactant is oxidized, the other

Accepted Answer

A)  is reduced. 
B)  is also oxidized. 
C)  is hydrolyzed into a smaller molecule. 
D)  releases chemical energy in the form of ATP. 
E)  becomes a larger, more complex molecule. 
A)  is reduced. 
B)  is also oxidized. 
C)  is hydrolyzed into a smaller molecule. 
D)  releases chemical energy in the form of ATP. 
E)  becomes a larger, more complex molecule.

Exam 3: Energy, Chemical Reactions, and Cellular Respiration

The term "metabolism" refers to

During decarboxylation, NAD+ is formed from NADH.

Allosteric inhibitors are also called noncompetitive inhibitors.

If oxygen levels drop such that glucose metabolism becomes primarily anaerobic, then the amount of ATP produced per glucose molecule will

The exchange of a phosphate group between creatine phosphate and adenosine diphosphate is categorized as a catabolic (rather than anabolic) reaction.

A large decrease in pH results in increased H+ binding to an enzyme, which can disrupt electrostatic interactions within the molecule.

When the body's digestive system breaks down starch, a complex carbohydrate, into simpler carbohydrates, the reaction is

Fatty acids enter the cell respiration pathway at

Exergonic reactions do not require activation energy.

In order for a reaction to occur, energy is needed to break the bonds that already exist in the reactant molecules; that energy is called the ________ energy.

Which is a form of energy that is generally unavailable to do any work?

The less acidic (more basic) the environment is, the more efficient an enzyme will be.

To prevent depletion of a substrate, the product of a metabolic pathway will

The sodium level inside and outside of a resting cell is an example of the

When one glucose molecule is fully oxidized, how many molecules of CO2 result?

Glucose oxidation is exergonic.

When an enzyme catalyzing a catabolic reaction changes conformation to an induced fit with the substrate,

When NAD+ becomes NADH, it is being

During the early steps of glycolysis, glucose is converted to glucose 6-P, and then glucose 6-P is converted directly to

In a redox reaction, when one reactant is oxidized, the other

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Filters

During decarboxylation, NAD⁺ is formed from NADH.

A large decrease in pH results in increased H⁺ binding to an enzyme, which can disrupt electrostatic interactions within the molecule.

When one glucose molecule is fully oxidized, how many molecules of CO₂ result?

When NAD⁺ becomes NADH, it is being