Question 1

The structure that sits at the base of the brain is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebral cortex. 
B)  parietal lobe. 
C)  brainstem. 
D)  frontal lobe. 
A)  cerebral cortex. 
B)  parietal lobe. 
C)  brainstem. 
D)  frontal lobe.

Question 2

Which statement is an example of a reflexive behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pavlov's dog salivating in response to a sound that has predicted food 
B)  a dog that has learned to sit to obtain a treat 
C)  a newborn sucking when encountering a nipple 
D)  a rat pressing a bar to obtain a drink of water 
A)  Pavlov's dog salivating in response to a sound that has predicted food 
B)  a dog that has learned to sit to obtain a treat 
C)  a newborn sucking when encountering a nipple 
D)  a rat pressing a bar to obtain a drink of water

Question 3

After a neuron fires, there is a brief period during which it is unable to fire again. What is this period called?

Accepted Answer

A)  refractory 
B)  inactivation 
C)  postsynaptic 
D)  reuptake 
A)  refractory 
B)  inactivation 
C)  postsynaptic 
D)  reuptake

Question 4

Suppose researchers train a pigeon to peck at a blue disc to obtain food. They then lesion a very small part of its brain and find that the pigeon has forgotten that it needs to peck the blue disc for food. Such a finding would be evidence for:

Accepted Answer

A)  the theory of equipotentiality. 
B)  the Bell-Magendie law of neural specialization. 
C)  synaptic plasticity. 
D)  the engram. 
A)  the theory of equipotentiality. 
B)  the Bell-Magendie law of neural specialization. 
C)  synaptic plasticity. 
D)  the engram.

Question 5

Most neurons can produce and release _____ neurotransmitter(s) and can receive _____ neurotransmitter(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  many different; many different 
B)  only one; only one 
C)  only one; many different 
D)  many different; only one 
A)  many different; many different 
B)  only one; only one 
C)  only one; many different 
D)  many different; only one

Question 6

Phrenology was a systematic study of the brain that was pursued by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Galen. 
B)  Aristotle. 
C)  Paul Broca. 
D)  Franz Joseph Gall. 
A)  Galen. 
B)  Aristotle. 
C)  Paul Broca. 
D)  Franz Joseph Gall.

Question 7

Which statement about the homunculus is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It represents the activity of neurons in the hippocampus. 
B)  It means "little man." 
C)  It is somewhat different for each individual. 
D)  It exaggerates the parts of the body that have more fine motor control. 
A)  It represents the activity of neurons in the hippocampus. 
B)  It means "little man." 
C)  It is somewhat different for each individual. 
D)  It exaggerates the parts of the body that have more fine motor control.

Question 8

Incoming sensory information is passed from the thalamus to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  spinal cord. 
B)  muscles. 
C)  primary motor cortex. 
D)  primary sensory cortices. 
A)  spinal cord. 
B)  muscles. 
C)  primary motor cortex. 
D)  primary sensory cortices.

Question 9

Long-term potentiation:

Accepted Answer

A)  was first observed in the thalamus. 
B)  occurs when the postsynaptic neuron is stimulated with a high-frequency burst. 
C)  can last for hours or even longer. 
D)  involves a weakening in synaptic transmission following recent activity. 
A)  was first observed in the thalamus. 
B)  occurs when the postsynaptic neuron is stimulated with a high-frequency burst. 
C)  can last for hours or even longer. 
D)  involves a weakening in synaptic transmission following recent activity.

Question 10

Which brain structure is involved in helping one learn the coordinated movements necessary for learning to ride a bike?

Accepted Answer

A)  the temporal lobe 
B)  the brainstem 
C)  the thalamus 
D)  the cerebellum 
A)  the temporal lobe 
B)  the brainstem 
C)  the thalamus 
D)  the cerebellum

Question 11

Label the four lobes of the cerebral cortex in the figure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Label the four lobes of the cerebral...

Question 12

Comparative neuroanatomy refers to the examination of the similarities and differences among the:

Accepted Answer

A)  brains of people of different ages. 
B)  cerebral hemispheres. 
C)  different lobes of the cerebral cortex. 
D)  brains of different organisms. 
A)  brains of people of different ages. 
B)  cerebral hemispheres. 
C)  different lobes of the cerebral cortex. 
D)  brains of different organisms.

Question 13

The illusion of feeling that a novel experience has happened before is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  hebbian learning. 
B)  synaptic plasticity. 
C)  memory. 
D)  déjà vu. 
A)  hebbian learning. 
B)  synaptic plasticity. 
C)  memory. 
D)  déjà vu.

Question 14

Label the parts of the neuron in the figure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Label the parts of the neuron in...

Question 15

The primary sensory cortices:

Accepted Answer

A)  process the outputs that control movements. 
B)  are responsible for processing the more complex characteristics of stimuli. 
C)  are specialized for processing particular sensory stimuli. 
D)  send most of their output to the peripheral nervous system. 
A)  process the outputs that control movements. 
B)  are responsible for processing the more complex characteristics of stimuli. 
C)  are specialized for processing particular sensory stimuli. 
D)  send most of their output to the peripheral nervous system.

Question 16

What technique can be used to measure the firing pattern of a single neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  positron emission tomography (PET) 
B)  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 
C)  electroencephalography (EEG) 
D)  single-cell recording 
A)  positron emission tomography (PET) 
B)  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 
C)  electroencephalography (EEG) 
D)  single-cell recording

Question 17

Phrenology involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  scanning the brains of living humans using a magnetic field. 
B)  associating deficits in mental abilities with damage to specific brain regions. 
C)  associating bumps on the skull with abilities and personality traits. 
D)  examining which parts of the brain are damaged after a head injury. 
A)  scanning the brains of living humans using a magnetic field. 
B)  associating deficits in mental abilities with damage to specific brain regions. 
C)  associating bumps on the skull with abilities and personality traits. 
D)  examining which parts of the brain are damaged after a head injury.

Question 18

According to the Bell-Magendie law of neural specialization:

Accepted Answer

A)  reflexes are caused by spirits flowing from the brain into the muscles. 
B)  the brain plays a major role in reflexes like the "knee-jerk" response to a doctor's rubber mallet. 
C)  the spinal cord has one nerve system for sensing and another nerve system for responding. 
D)  spinal reflexes can be combined into complex sequences of movements that are the basis of all behavior. 
A)  reflexes are caused by spirits flowing from the brain into the muscles. 
B)  the brain plays a major role in reflexes like the "knee-jerk" response to a doctor's rubber mallet. 
C)  the spinal cord has one nerve system for sensing and another nerve system for responding. 
D)  spinal reflexes can be combined into complex sequences of movements that are the basis of all behavior.

Question 19

Multiple sclerosis is a disease in which _____; this interferes with neural function, leading to jerky muscle movements and impaired coordination, as well as problems with vision and speech.

Accepted Answer

A)  glia aren't necessary for function 
B)  interneurons are not able to connect two or more neurons 
C)  the myelin coating of axons degenerates 
D)  dendrites are unable to receive signals 
A)  glia aren't necessary for function 
B)  interneurons are not able to connect two or more neurons 
C)  the myelin coating of axons degenerates 
D)  dendrites are unable to receive signals

Question 20

Neurotransmitters are:

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical substances that carry messages between neurons. 
B)  the part of a neuron that receives signals from other neurons. 
C)  types of neurons that connect other neurons together. 
D)  types of neurons that have pyramid-shaped cell bodies. 
A)  chemical substances that carry messages between neurons. 
B)  the part of a neuron that receives signals from other neurons. 
C)  types of neurons that connect other neurons together. 
D)  types of neurons that have pyramid-shaped cell bodies.

The structure that sits at the base of the brain is known as the:

Which statement is an example of a reflexive behavior?

After a neuron fires, there is a brief period during which it is unable to fire again. What is this period called?

Suppose researchers train a pigeon to peck at a blue disc to obtain food. They then lesion a very small part of its brain and find that the pigeon has forgotten that it needs to peck the blue disc for food. Such a finding would be evidence for:

Most neurons can produce and release _ neurotransmitter(s) and can receive _ neurotransmitter(s).

Phrenology was a systematic study of the brain that was pursued by:

Which statement about the homunculus is FALSE?

Incoming sensory information is passed from the thalamus to the:

Long-term potentiation:

Which brain structure is involved in helping one learn the coordinated movements necessary for learning to ride a bike?

Label the four lobes of the cerebral cortex in the figure.

Comparative neuroanatomy refers to the examination of the similarities and differences among the:

The illusion of feeling that a novel experience has happened before is called:

Label the parts of the neuron in the figure.

The primary sensory cortices:

What technique can be used to measure the firing pattern of a single neuron?

Phrenology involves:

According to the Bell-Magendie law of neural specialization:

Multiple sclerosis is a disease in which _____; this interferes with neural function, leading to jerky muscle movements and impaired coordination, as well as problems with vision and speech.

Neurotransmitters are:

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization:

Classical Conditioning:

Operant Conditioning:

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation

Episodic and Semantic Memory:

Skill Memory:

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory:

Development and Aging:learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Exam 2: The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

The structure that sits at the base of the brain is known as the:

Which statement is an example of a reflexive behavior?

After a neuron fires, there is a brief period during which it is unable to fire again. What is this period called?

Suppose researchers train a pigeon to peck at a blue disc to obtain food. They then lesion a very small part of its brain and find that the pigeon has forgotten that it needs to peck the blue disc for food. Such a finding would be evidence for:

Most neurons can produce and release _____ neurotransmitter(s) and can receive _____ neurotransmitter(s).

Phrenology was a systematic study of the brain that was pursued by:

Which statement about the homunculus is FALSE?

Incoming sensory information is passed from the thalamus to the:

Long-term potentiation:

Which brain structure is involved in helping one learn the coordinated movements necessary for learning to ride a bike?

Label the four lobes of the cerebral cortex in the figure.

Comparative neuroanatomy refers to the examination of the similarities and differences among the:

The illusion of feeling that a novel experience has happened before is called:

Label the parts of the neuron in the figure.

The primary sensory cortices:

What technique can be used to measure the firing pattern of a single neuron?

Phrenology involves:

According to the Bell-Magendie law of neural specialization:

Multiple sclerosis is a disease in which _____; this interferes with neural function, leading to jerky muscle movements and impaired coordination, as well as problems with vision and speech.

Neurotransmitters are:

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization:

Classical Conditioning:

Operant Conditioning:

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation

Episodic and Semantic Memory:

Skill Memory:

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory:

Development and Aging:learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Most neurons can produce and release _ neurotransmitter(s) and can receive _ neurotransmitter(s).