Question 1

The LARGEST structure of the human brain is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebral cortex. 
B)  frontal lobe. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  temporal lobe. 
A)  cerebral cortex. 
B)  frontal lobe. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  temporal lobe.

Question 2

Most sensory information enters the brain through the:

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus. 
B)  occipital lobe. 
C)  primary motor cortex. 
D)  primary sensory cortices. 
A)  thalamus. 
B)  occipital lobe. 
C)  primary motor cortex. 
D)  primary sensory cortices.

Question 3

Which part of the brain helps regulate autonomic functions such as breathing?

Accepted Answer

A)  the cerebellum 
B)  the brainstem 
C)  the hippocampus 
D)  the temporal lobe 
A)  the cerebellum 
B)  the brainstem 
C)  the hippocampus 
D)  the temporal lobe

Question 4

Neurotransmitters that affect activity in entire brain areas, rather than just at a single synapse, are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  neuromodulators. 
B)  refractory transmitters. 
C)  glia. 
D)  reuptake transmitters. 
A)  neuromodulators. 
B)  refractory transmitters. 
C)  glia. 
D)  reuptake transmitters.

Question 5

One of the reasons Karl Lashley was unable to find evidence for the engram was that:

Accepted Answer

A)  he used too simple a task for assessing memory. 
B)  he limited his lesions to the cerebral cortex. 
C)  he was unable to lesion rat brains due to ethical constraints. 
D)  the memories of rats are too different from the memories of humans. 
A)  he used too simple a task for assessing memory. 
B)  he limited his lesions to the cerebral cortex. 
C)  he was unable to lesion rat brains due to ethical constraints. 
D)  the memories of rats are too different from the memories of humans.

Question 6

Classically conditioning animals by using one electrode to generate neural firing patterns that would occur during the sensation of a sound and pairing that with stimulation from a second electrode that provokes a reflexive motor response is known as what kind of training?

Accepted Answer

A)  classical 
B)  transcranial magnetic stimulation 
C)  virtual reality 
D)  operant 
A)  classical 
B)  transcranial magnetic stimulation 
C)  virtual reality 
D)  operant

Question 7

Which mechanism is NOT one by which drugs alter synaptic transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the ability of the presynaptic neuron to produce neurotransmitter 
B)  increasing the ability of the presynaptic neuron to receive neurotransmitter 
C)  decreasing the ability of the presynaptic neuron to produce neurotransmitter 
D)  altering the mechanisms for clearing neurotransmitter from the synapse 
A)  increasing the ability of the presynaptic neuron to produce neurotransmitter 
B)  increasing the ability of the presynaptic neuron to receive neurotransmitter 
C)  decreasing the ability of the presynaptic neuron to produce neurotransmitter 
D)  altering the mechanisms for clearing neurotransmitter from the synapse

Question 8

An event-related potential (ERP) is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the average of many EEGs across repetitions of an event. 
B)  a measure of the amount oxygen being used by brain structures. 
C)  a measure of the activity of a single neuron. 
D)  the electrical activity emitted from the scalp, recorded on a single trial. 
A)  the average of many EEGs across repetitions of an event. 
B)  a measure of the amount oxygen being used by brain structures. 
C)  a measure of the activity of a single neuron. 
D)  the electrical activity emitted from the scalp, recorded on a single trial.

Question 9

What is the other name for the cell body?

Accepted Answer

A)  synapse 
B)  soma 
C)  axon 
D)  dendrite 
A)  synapse 
B)  soma 
C)  axon 
D)  dendrite

Question 10

Which cells provide functional and structural support to neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  pyramidal cells 
B)  stellate cells 
C)  interneurons 
D)  glia 
A)  pyramidal cells 
B)  stellate cells 
C)  interneurons 
D)  glia

Question 11

The motor cortex (M1) sends its output signals to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobes. 
B)  basal ganglia. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  brainstem. 
A)  frontal lobes. 
B)  basal ganglia. 
C)  cerebellum. 
D)  brainstem.

Question 12

Long-term potentiation has been shown to occur:

Accepted Answer

A)  in the hippocampus, but not in other brain areas. 
B)  only when the presynaptic neuron is stimulated. 
C)  in all brain areas, except for the hippocampus. 
D)  when the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons are active at the same time. 
A)  in the hippocampus, but not in other brain areas. 
B)  only when the presynaptic neuron is stimulated. 
C)  in all brain areas, except for the hippocampus. 
D)  when the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons are active at the same time.

Question 13

Suppose one's roommate wants to take Ritalin (an attention-boosting drug) to help in remembering information for an upcoming exam. What should one tell the person?

Accepted Answer

Attention can improve memory i

Question 14

Describe the two techniques that can be used to stimulate neural activity.

Accepted Answer

1. Electrical stimulation of individual

Question 15

Mary is having trouble hearing her friends when they speak to her. Which part of her brain might be damaged?

Accepted Answer

A)  the frontal lobe 
B)  the parietal lobe 
C)  the temporal lobe 
D)  the occipital lobe 
A)  the frontal lobe 
B)  the parietal lobe 
C)  the temporal lobe 
D)  the occipital lobe

Question 16

When one reaches to catch a basketball, the neurons that carry the message from one's brain to the muscles in one's arms and hands are part of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  central nervous system. 
B)  peripheral nervous system. 
C)  left hemisphere. 
D)  right hemisphere. 
A)  central nervous system. 
B)  peripheral nervous system. 
C)  left hemisphere. 
D)  right hemisphere.

Question 17

Most synapses are between the:

Accepted Answer

A)  axons of the presynaptic and the postsynaptic neurons. 
B)  dendrites of the presynaptic and the postsynaptic neurons. 
C)  axon of the presynaptic neuron and the dendrite of the postsynaptic neuron. 
D)  dendrite of the presynaptic neuron and the axon of the postsynaptic neuron. 
A)  axons of the presynaptic and the postsynaptic neurons. 
B)  dendrites of the presynaptic and the postsynaptic neurons. 
C)  axon of the presynaptic neuron and the dendrite of the postsynaptic neuron. 
D)  dendrite of the presynaptic neuron and the axon of the postsynaptic neuron.

Question 18

Inactivation and reuptake are mechanisms for:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting neurons from responding. 
B)  removing dead neurons from the brain. 
C)  increasing the amount of neurotransmitter that is released. 
D)  clearing neurotransmitters from the synapse. 
A)  inhibiting neurons from responding. 
B)  removing dead neurons from the brain. 
C)  increasing the amount of neurotransmitter that is released. 
D)  clearing neurotransmitters from the synapse.

Question 19

Describe the procedures used to elicit long-term potentiation in a neuron.

Accepted Answer

Include the main steps: Stimulate cell A

Question 20

A doctor is concerned that Martha has dysfunction involving the axons of her brain. Which neuroimaging technique would BEST be able to detect this problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  positron emission tomography (PET) 
B)  diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) 
C)  computed tomography (CT) scan 
D)  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 
A)  positron emission tomography (PET) 
B)  diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) 
C)  computed tomography (CT) scan 
D)  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

The LARGEST structure of the human brain is the:

Most sensory information enters the brain through the:

Which part of the brain helps regulate autonomic functions such as breathing?

Neurotransmitters that affect activity in entire brain areas, rather than just at a single synapse, are called:

One of the reasons Karl Lashley was unable to find evidence for the engram was that:

Classically conditioning animals by using one electrode to generate neural firing patterns that would occur during the sensation of a sound and pairing that with stimulation from a second electrode that provokes a reflexive motor response is known as what kind of training?

Which mechanism is NOT one by which drugs alter synaptic transmission?

An event-related potential (ERP) is:

What is the other name for the cell body?

Which cells provide functional and structural support to neurons?

The motor cortex (M1) sends its output signals to the:

Long-term potentiation has been shown to occur:

Suppose one's roommate wants to take Ritalin (an attention-boosting drug) to help in remembering information for an upcoming exam. What should one tell the person?

Describe the two techniques that can be used to stimulate neural activity.

Mary is having trouble hearing her friends when they speak to her. Which part of her brain might be damaged?

When one reaches to catch a basketball, the neurons that carry the message from one's brain to the muscles in one's arms and hands are part of the:

Most synapses are between the:

Inactivation and reuptake are mechanisms for:

Describe the procedures used to elicit long-term potentiation in a neuron.

A doctor is concerned that Martha has dysfunction involving the axons of her brain. Which neuroimaging technique would BEST be able to detect this problem?

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization:

Classical Conditioning:

Operant Conditioning:

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation

Episodic and Semantic Memory:

Skill Memory:

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory:

Development and Aging:learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Exam 2: The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

The LARGEST structure of the human brain is the:

Most sensory information enters the brain through the:

Which part of the brain helps regulate autonomic functions such as breathing?

Neurotransmitters that affect activity in entire brain areas, rather than just at a single synapse, are called:

One of the reasons Karl Lashley was unable to find evidence for the engram was that:

Classically conditioning animals by using one electrode to generate neural firing patterns that would occur during the sensation of a sound and pairing that with stimulation from a second electrode that provokes a reflexive motor response is known as what kind of training?

Which mechanism is NOT one by which drugs alter synaptic transmission?

An event-related potential (ERP) is:

What is the other name for the cell body?

Which cells provide functional and structural support to neurons?

The motor cortex (M1) sends its output signals to the:

Long-term potentiation has been shown to occur:

Suppose one's roommate wants to take Ritalin (an attention-boosting drug) to help in remembering information for an upcoming exam. What should one tell the person?

Describe the two techniques that can be used to stimulate neural activity.

Mary is having trouble hearing her friends when they speak to her. Which part of her brain might be damaged?

When one reaches to catch a basketball, the neurons that carry the message from one's brain to the muscles in one's arms and hands are part of the:

Most synapses are between the:

Inactivation and reuptake are mechanisms for:

Describe the procedures used to elicit long-term potentiation in a neuron.

A doctor is concerned that Martha has dysfunction involving the axons of her brain. Which neuroimaging technique would BEST be able to detect this problem?

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization:

Classical Conditioning:

Operant Conditioning:

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation

Episodic and Semantic Memory:

Skill Memory:

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory:

Development and Aging:learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters