Question 1

You step on something in the yard resulting in a puncture wound that does not bleed freely. Antigens from any microbes that entered the wound will most likely end up in the

Accepted Answer

A)  appendix. 
B)  spleen. 
C)  lymph nodes of the groin. 
D)  lymph nodes of the neck (cervical). 
E)  lymph nodes of the armpit (axilla). 
A)  appendix. 
B)  spleen. 
C)  lymph nodes of the groin. 
D)  lymph nodes of the neck (cervical). 
E)  lymph nodes of the armpit (axilla).

Question 2

Antigens are

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins the body produces against invading substances. 
B)  proteins on the surface of our cells to which pathogens attach. 
C)  enzymes secreted to destroy a pathogen's cell wall. 
D)  specific molecules, or parts of molecules, that the body recognizes as foreign. 
E)  cells that protect the body against invaders. 
A)  proteins the body produces against invading substances. 
B)  proteins on the surface of our cells to which pathogens attach. 
C)  enzymes secreted to destroy a pathogen's cell wall. 
D)  specific molecules, or parts of molecules, that the body recognizes as foreign. 
E)  cells that protect the body against invaders.

Question 3

Cytokines are soluble regulatory proteins that act as intercellular signals and include substances such as interleukins, interferon, and growth factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following statements about T lymphocytes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are three types of T lymphocytes. 
B)  T lymphocytes are called such because they mature in the thymus. 
C)  T lymphocytes have TCRs that recognize antigen only if it is bound to MHC. 
D)  T lymphocytes produce antibody molecules. 
E)  T lymphocytes directly attack cells and produce the cell- mediated immune response. 
A)  There are three types of T lymphocytes. 
B)  T lymphocytes are called such because they mature in the thymus. 
C)  T lymphocytes have TCRs that recognize antigen only if it is bound to MHC. 
D)  T lymphocytes produce antibody molecules. 
E)  T lymphocytes directly attack cells and produce the cell- mediated immune response.

Question 5

IgG antibodies have a variety of mechanisms for acting on antigens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following statements regarding the cell- mediated immune response is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes do not require antigen presentation to become activated. 
B)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill by producing hydrogen peroxide. 
C)  A single cytotoxic T lymphocyte can kill many target cells. 
D)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes interact with antibodies that have bound antigen to identify their target. 
E)  Helper T lymphocytes have no role in the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. 
A)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes do not require antigen presentation to become activated. 
B)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill by producing hydrogen peroxide. 
C)  A single cytotoxic T lymphocyte can kill many target cells. 
D)  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes interact with antibodies that have bound antigen to identify their target. 
E)  Helper T lymphocytes have no role in the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

Question 7

How is the development of autoimmunity normally prevented?

Accepted Answer

A)  T lymphocytes that respond to autoantigens in the thymus undergo clonal deletion. 
B)  Clonal deletion of T cells and regulatory T cell suppression prevent autoreactive T cell activation. 
C)  Regulatory T cells suppress autoimmune responses. 
D)  T lymphocytes require a specific set of cytokine signals to become activated. 
E)  Clonal deletion of T cells, lack of necessary cytokine signals, and regulatory T cell suppression prevent activation of autoreactive T cells. 
A)  T lymphocytes that respond to autoantigens in the thymus undergo clonal deletion. 
B)  Clonal deletion of T cells and regulatory T cell suppression prevent autoreactive T cell activation. 
C)  Regulatory T cells suppress autoimmune responses. 
D)  T lymphocytes require a specific set of cytokine signals to become activated. 
E)  Clonal deletion of T cells, lack of necessary cytokine signals, and regulatory T cell suppression prevent activation of autoreactive T cells.

Question 8

Which of the following statements concerning B cell receptors (BCRs) is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are bound to the surface of B lymphocytes and have two antigen- binding sites. 
B)  They are complementary in shape to a specific antigenic determinant that they may or may not encounter. 
C)  Scientists estimate that each person forms at least 1011 different types of B lymphocytes with distinct BCRs. 
D)  They are formed in response to an encounter with an antigen. 
E)  Each B lymphocyte is randomly generated with antibody variable regions that determine its BCR. 
A)  They are bound to the surface of B lymphocytes and have two antigen- binding sites. 
B)  They are complementary in shape to a specific antigenic determinant that they may or may not encounter. 
C)  Scientists estimate that each person forms at least 1011 different types of B lymphocytes with distinct BCRs. 
D)  They are formed in response to an encounter with an antigen. 
E)  Each B lymphocyte is randomly generated with antibody variable regions that determine its BCR.

Question 9

Large molecules such as polymers make good antigens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following cytokines helps regulate inflammation?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemokines 
B)  alpha interferon 
C)  IL- 12 
D)  tumor necrosis factor (TNF) 
E)  IL- 4 (interleukin- 4) 
A)  chemokines 
B)  alpha interferon 
C)  IL- 12 
D)  tumor necrosis factor (TNF) 
E)  IL- 4 (interleukin- 4)

Question 11

Antibody molecules are produced by (B/plasma/T) cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Antibody molecules are produced by (B/plasma/T) cells....

Question 12

What type of immunity is produced by the body when a person contracts a disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  artificially acquired passive immunity 
B)  artificially acquired active immunity 
C)  naturally acquired passive immunity 
D)  innate immunity 
E)  naturally acquired active immunity 
A)  artificially acquired passive immunity 
B)  artificially acquired active immunity 
C)  naturally acquired passive immunity 
D)  innate immunity 
E)  naturally acquired active immunity

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT included in the MALT?

Accepted Answer

A)  the appendix 
B)  the spleen 
C)  lymphoid tissue in the respiratory tract 
D)  Peyer's patches 
E)  lymphoid tissue in the small intestine 
A)  the appendix 
B)  the spleen 
C)  lymphoid tissue in the respiratory tract 
D)  Peyer's patches 
E)  lymphoid tissue in the small intestine

Question 14

Class II MHC are found on

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasmic membranes of nucleated cells. 
B)  the skin. 
C)  professional antigen- presenting cells. 
D)  red blood cells. 
E)  muscle. 
A)  cytoplasmic membranes of nucleated cells. 
B)  the skin. 
C)  professional antigen- presenting cells. 
D)  red blood cells. 
E)  muscle.

Question 15

Clonal deletion of developing T lymphocytes takes place in which location(s) in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  the thymus 
B)  the liver 
C)  the bone marrow 
D)  both the bone marrow and the spleen 
E)  the spleen 
A)  the thymus 
B)  the liver 
C)  the bone marrow 
D)  both the bone marrow and the spleen 
E)  the spleen

Exam 16: Adaptive Immunity

You step on something in the yard resulting in a puncture wound that does not bleed freely. Antigens from any microbes that entered the wound will most likely end up in the

Antigens are

Cytokines are soluble regulatory proteins that act as intercellular signals and include substances such as interleukins, interferon, and growth factors.

Which of the following statements about T lymphocytes is FALSE?

IgG antibodies have a variety of mechanisms for acting on antigens.

Which of the following statements regarding the cell- mediated immune response is TRUE?

How is the development of autoimmunity normally prevented?

Which of the following statements concerning B cell receptors (BCRs) is FALSE?

Large molecules such as polymers make good antigens.

Which of the following cytokines helps regulate inflammation?

Antibody molecules are produced by (B/plasma/T) cells.

What type of immunity is produced by the body when a person contracts a disease?

Which of the following is NOT included in the MALT?

Class II MHC are found on

Clonal deletion of developing T lymphocytes takes place in which location(s) in the body?

A Brief History of Microbiology

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