Exam 11: The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

According to the concept of dual innervation, in most cases, the two branches of the autonomic nervous system innervate the same effector organs, but tend to have opposite effects on those organs.

One of the adaptations that occur to muscles due to exercise is that contractions become stronger and steadier over time even with no change in muscle mass. Which statement below best explains why muscle contractions may become stronger?

The responses triggered by the binding of acetylcholine can be either excitatory or inhibitory, depending on the target cell in question.

Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons release the neurotransmitter ; sympathetic preganglionic neurons release the neurotransmitter .

Scopolamine is a muscarinic antagonist that acts by blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Although it is not clear how scopolamine prevents nausea and vomiting due to motion sickness, which statement below best describes the mechanism of action for this drug?

The somatic nervous system provides both excitatory and inhibitory signals to skeletal muscle.

Preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic neurons are anatomically arranged in what three patterns?

The change in membrane potential that occurs in skeletal muscle cells in response to acetylcholine binding to its receptors is called a(n)

What is the neurotransmitter released from motor neurons?

When the body is stressed, what is the relative contribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems to the regulation of homeostasis?

Propranolol is a non -selective fi adrenergic receptor antagonist. It would be appropriate for a doctor to prescribe propranolol to treat

The preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system originate in the spinal cord from a region of gray matter called the intermediolateral cell column.

The most abundant neurotransmitter in the peripheral nervous system is acetylcholine.

Myasthenia gravis primarily affects women and its defining characteristic is fatigue of unusually rapid onset and severity following the use of certain muscle groups. What symptoms below best allude to the set of muscles affected by this disease?

fi₂ adrenergic receptor agonists are used to treat acute asthma symptoms by eliciting a response similar to , which has a greater affinity for fi₂ receptors and leads to dilation of the Respiratory pathways.

Sympathetic ganglia that are linked together and run in parallel on either side of the spinal column are called

Adrenergic receptors with the greatest affinity for epinephrine are receptors.

What are swellings of postganglionic autonomic axons from which neurotransmitters are released called?

Where are most of the autonomic nervous system control centers located?